m5unit3知识点讲与练.doc

Unit 3 知识点讲与练

Welcome
advance n.进步，前进
v. 进步，前进
adj.预先的，事先的 adj.先进的____________
短语： 先进的科学和技术________________________
提前____________

Reading
1. announcement n. 宣布，通知，通告
拓展： make an announcement 宣布一个通知
announce sth. 宣布某事
announce that 宣布…
it is announced that 拒宣布
辨析：announce/ declare
announce指正式公布，宣布，侧重预告人们关心或感兴趣的事情，尤指新闻
declare 正式向公众宣布，侧重当众发表，多用于宣战，议和，宣判等，如：declare war on… 对…宣战
即学即用：
The result of this examination will be ________ tomorrow.
Apublished Bdeclared Cannounced Dopened

2 normal adj. 典型的， 正常的，一般的
normal English : English is spoken at a normal speed
normal temperature__________________ lead a normal life_________________________
n. 常态， 通常标准，一般水平
above normal_________ below normal_________ return to normal_____________
辨析normal/ordinary/usual/common
normal强调正常的，合乎标准的
ordinary强调等级和类属方面的平凡的，普通的，毫无奇特之处。
usual强调通常的，惯常的，有遵守常规，依照惯例之意。
common普遍的，常见的，强调经常发生
填空
1.He is an ______ man.
2.We’ll meet at the _______ place.
3.The flower is _______ in spring.
4.The doctor said the child’s temperature was normal.

3.on the one hand…on the other hand..
一方面，另一方面
翻译句子：
eg. 1) I love my job as a news reporter, because I get to travel around the world, but on the other hand, I feel I have sacrificed too much of my free time with my family._________________________________________________________________
2) On the one hand, I want to sell the house, but on the other hand, I cannot bear the thought of moving.________________________________________________________
拓展
hand in________ hand down ________
hand out________ hand over _________
hand on ________ hand by hand_________

4.praise v/n 表扬，赞扬
他因为通过了考试被他的老师和父母表扬
______________________________________________________________________

短语：praise sb. for sth/doing sth.________________
full of praise____________ sing one’s praise for _____________
in praise of__________

5.breakthrough n.突破
他们已经在癌症的研究中取得了重大突破。
They ____________________________________________ in cancer research.
拓展：
break the law __________break one’s promise____________ break through ____________
break out ____________ break in/into_____________ break away from__________
break up__________ break down___________

6.intention n. 意图， 目的 v. intend 打算，想要
adj. intended 为而打算，设计的
填空：I have no ______ _______ _______ the wedding.

短语：with the intention of_____________________
without intention_____________________
have (no) intention of __________________
intend to do_________________
be intended for_______________

7.adopt vt. 收养，领养；采用，采纳
翻译：
1. She was forced to have her baby ________.
她被迫把婴儿给别人收养。
2. They ______ ________ __________ _______ the problem.
他们对这个问题采用了不同的方法
提示：adopt收养，采纳；adapt 使适应，使适合

8.succeed v. 成功 常与insth./doing sth 连用
继任常与to连用
接替 常与 as连用
adj.__________ n._________
填空：1He succeeded _____ finishing the experiement.
2 Who succeeded Kennedy _____ president?
3 She succeeded ______ the throne in 1558.
4.We have every reason to believe that ______ 2008 Beijing Olympic Games will be ____ success.
A/;a Bthe;/ Cthe;a Da;a
成功的做了某事的几种表达方式：
1.__________________ 2___________________
3.___________________ 4.__________________
5.__________________ 6._____________________

9.point out 指出
她指出了我在工作中的错误。______________________________________
point to 指向，提到(远距离 ) point at 指着（近距离，可分开使用）
point n. 尖端，点，小数点
短语：
to the point 中肯，恰当
off the point 离题
be on the point of doing 就要,正要，马上
即学即用：
1.“That is my father”, said jim, pointing ____ the tall man.
A at B to Cout D in
2. After graduation she reached a point in her career _______ she needed to decided what to do.
A that Bwhat Cwhere Dwhich

10.put… in place 准备就绪，布置妥当
在聚会前，一切应当准备就绪_____________________________________________
短语：in place______________
in place of ___________
翻译：
1 .While the manager is away, who’ll be ___________?
经理不在期间，谁会代替他？
2.She likes to have everything __________.
她喜欢一切东西井井有条。

11.翻译下面两个句子
1).If I had the chance, I would have a cloned baby tomorrow.
2)If I had the opportunity, I would clone her immediately, so that I could be with her again.
这两句话是与现在事实相反的虚拟语气。
1. 虚拟语气常用来表示说话人的愿望，假设，猜测或建议，而不表示客观存在的事实。
2. 虚拟语气通过谓语动词的特殊形式来表示

主句
从句
与现在事实相反
一般过去时（be 动词用were）
would+动词原形
与过去事实相反
had +过去分词
would+have+过去分词
与将来事实相反
（1）一般过去时（be动词用were）（2）were to + 动词原形
（3）shoud+ 动词原形
would+动词原形
1. If it ___________/________________/_____________ tomorrow, we would go for a picnic.
如果明天不下雨，我们就去野餐。
2. Iif you __________ the doctor’s advice then ,you __________better.
如果你采用医生的建议，你会觉得好些。
3. If you _________ your teacher’s advice then, you __________ the exam now.
如果那时你采用老师的建议，你现在就通过考试了。

重点短语：
1.beyond one’s imagination____________ 2. advanced technology______________ 3.in advance____________ 4.on the one hand ,on the other hand_____________ 5.point out_________ 6.interfere with__________ 7. on one’s way to doing_____________ 8. be praised for ________9.scientific breakthrough__________ 10. consider doing 11.concentrate on ____________ 12.cure sb of sth___________ 13.with the intention of ______________ 14. show no respect for____________ 15.even though ________ 16. cause a lot of anxiety ___________17. be desperate to ____________ 18.of one’s own __________ 19.be relatede to__________ 20.push ahead with_____________ 21.so as to____________ 22.the first to__________ 23. focus one’s efforts on____________ 24.succeed in doing sth _____________25.benefit sb/sth ___________26.deal with the consequence____________ 27.end up_________ 28.use up _________ment on__________ 30. be delighted to ____________ 31.mention doing____________ 32. be in complete agreement with____________ 34.after all ________35. on a personal note__________ 36.with great concern____________ 37.have the right to do sth____________ 38. go against nature_____________ 39. be responsible for _____________40. put… in place_________

练习
单词拼写：

1. No matter who p_____ out our shortcomings, we will correct them.
2. In g_______, her English pronounciation is not so bad.
3. With their help we s__________ in finishing that project.
4. Sorry, this painting is not for s_____. You can buy that one.
5. He decided to go abroad to study with the i_________ of improving his English and finding a better job when he returns.
6. Don’t_________（打扰）with him; he is preparing for the final exam.
7. We’ll _______（采用）a new teaching style this term.
8. Farmers can _________（获益）a lot from the rain in spring.
9. Will you make some ___________（评论）on the new dictionary?
10. He is ________（急切的需要）for a glass of water.

Word power and grammar

1.alternative n. 选择 adj. 可供选择的
填空：我们别无选择只好等待。
We have no choice but ______(wait).
We have no alternative but ______(wait).
注意：alternative常指在两者之间做选择，而choice指一般意义上的选择

2.involve v. 卷入，涉及，包含 _______adj. 卷入的，涉及的
拓展：involve…in…使…卷入…，使…介入…
involve doing sth 包含做某事，需要做某事
be involved in 使专注于，使忙于
be involved with涉及
练习：
1. Don’t involve other people in your mad plan.__________________________________
2. Lily is involved in reading a novel when I came in._______________________________
3. He is the eldest of all piayers. He has ____ in playing golf for 30 years.
A involved Binvolving Cbeen involving Dbeen involved

重点短语：
1.in favour of________ 2. be worthy of __________ 3. cut down __________
4.show respect for________ 5. fight against_________ 6. be made up of___________
pare to_________ 8. thik of…as..__________ 9. be known as___________
10.be similar to________ 11. in the field of_________ 12,figure out________
13.the other day______ 14. on one’s part__________ 15. get bored with___________

练习：
翻译句子。
1.他别无选择只有步行回家（alternative）
2.他的行为举止好像他知道所有的事情。（behave）
3.别把别人也牵扯到你的麻烦中（involve）
4.我想不出他是谁（figure out）
5.昨晚肯定是下雨了。（must）

Task and project

1.conclude v.总结，下结论 n. _________ 结论
to conclude 是固定短语，意为最后，总而言之
Eg.: To conclude, I wish you a happy new year.
拓展：
conclude sth by/with…用…结束
conclude that…做出结论，推论出…
come to/draw/reach a conclusion 得出结论

2.advocate vt.提倡，倡导
翻译：
1) We advocate helping them in the form of money.
2) They advocated that the education system should be reformed.
归纳：
advocate doing 提倡做某事
advocate that sb. should do提倡做某事（虚拟语气）

4. urge vt.力劝，催促 n.迫切要求，强烈欲望
翻译：
1.Her teacher urged her to reconsider her decision.
2.The reported urged that all children be taught to swim.
3.I have an urge to follow the example of zhaizhigang to walk in space.
归纳：
urge sb to do sth 力劝某人做某事
urge that sb should do sth力劝某人做某事
have an urge to do sth 渴望做某事
urge sb on sth 催促某人做某事

5. seek vt. (sought, sought) 寻求，探寻
短语：
seek to do设法去做
seek after/for追求，企图得到
seek one’s fortune寻出路，闯天下

6. in favour of 支持，有利于
练习：
1) 我们都支持你的建议。______________________________
2) 那些赞成的人请在这签字。
Those __________ the plan sign here, please.
拓展：
do sb a favour=de a favour for sb 帮某人的忙
in sb’s favour对某人有利
favoursb/sth偏袒某人，赞同某事

重点短语：
1.in response to___________ 2.inform sb of sth____________ 3.resistant to____________
4.be harmful to___________ 5. rather than____________ 6. be affected by___________
7.under construction____________ 8.suffer from _________ 9.in favour of ____________
10.point of view_____________ 11.meet one’s need_____________12.spell disaster________
13.benefit sb__________ 14move towards________ 15.be concerned about __________
16at a fast rate______________ 17. make a choice_______ 18. be blamed for ____________
19. turn out________ 20. profitsb from doing sth___________ 21 after all__________
22.take the responsibility for __________

练习：

选词填空：
conclude,urge, seek, resistant, acceptable,productive, rather than, so far, in favour of, turn out
1. These are the facts. What do you _______ from them?
2. The advice he put forward at the meeting was_________.
3. We’ll have a meeting in the classroom______ in the great hall.
4. It _________ that he was wrong.
5. He is a ________writer. He has written ten books in the past three years.
6. He _____ that we should go there at once.
7. Mother told Tom ,”Remember, my little son, nothing ________,nothing find.’
8. We are all _______ equal pay for equal work.
9. I have never gotten any news from Peter ________
10. Elderly people are not always _______ to change.