高中非谓语动词总复习趣味课件.ppt

,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,非谓语动词,莆田第十二中学,不定式,一 不定式的用法,It is very dangerous,to do it,.,主语,To see,is to believe.,常用于句型：,It is+adj.+for/of sb+to do sth,eg:It is brave of you to do that.,It is easy for you to do that.,表示人物特征的形容词同,of,后的名词或代词,有意义上的主表关系，常与,of,搭配。,Brave,careful,careless,clever,considerate,cruel,foolish,good,honest,kind,nice,right,rude,stupid,silly,thoughtful,wise,wrong,表示事物性质的形容词与不定式关系密切，有主表关系，常与,for,搭配。,Easy,hard,heavy,necessary,impossible,possible,important,difficult,I still want,to be a quiet and handsome man,!,2.,宾语,I find it interesting,to study English,.,有些动词后只跟不定式作宾语，如：,manage,promise,pretend,plan,offer,agree,ask,dare,choose,fail,help,want,refuse,等,How should I make my teacher,believe,it,?,3.,宾语补足语,He asked me to do the work with him.,注意：在,feel,hear,listen to,look at,notice,observe,see,watch,have,let,make,等词后的补足语中，不定式不带,to.,但是变成被动结构，必须带,to.,I heard him,sing,a song.,He was heard,to sing,a song.,4.,定语,Putin now has to find new ways,to develop Russian economy,.,注,1,：作定语的不定式如果是不及物动词，或者不定式所修饰的名词或代词是不定式动作的地点、工具等，,不定式后需有介词,Please give me a knife to cut,with,.,There is nothing to worry,about,.,He is looking for a room to live,in,.,He is the first one,to come,here.,但是，不定式所修饰的名词如果是,time,place,或,way,不定式后面的介词习惯上可以省略。,He had no money and no place,to live(in).,注,2,：,have,表示“有”，,to do,主动和被动意思不一样,Have you anything,to claim,（申报）,?,动作执行者,you,I am going to Beijing next week.Have you anything,to be taken,to your son?,动作执行者是我,-Why did you ask for leave last Friday night?,-To tell you the truth,I went home,to watch“Running man”.,5.,状语,I came here,to see you,.(,目的,),We were excited,to hear,the news.(,原因,),soas to,suchas to,enough to,only to,tooto,这画面太美我不敢看,Its so beautiful that Im too scared,to see it,.,(,结果）,注,1,：某些形容词在,tooto,结构中表肯定，,它们是,anxious,delighted,eager,easy,glad,kind,pleased,ready,surprised,willing,等。,She was,too surprised to,see how angry her,father was.(,看到父亲那么生气，她很吃惊,),注,2,：在,not,never,only,all,but,等后的,too,to,结构中,too,意为,very,，没有否定含义。,Its,never,too late to learn.,Im,only,too glad to stay at home.,Eating is easy,losing weight is not.It is,to be cherished,.,6.,表语,My job is,to help,the patient.,7.,独立成分,to tell the truth,to be frank,to be exact,to begin with,to make matters worse,8.,不定式与疑问词连用在句中起名词作用，,可充当主语，表语，宾语等。,How to solve,the problem is very important.,My question is,when to start,.,He didnt know,what to say,.,注意：在与,why,连用时，只用于,why,或,why,not,开头的简短疑问句中，后面紧跟的不定,不带,to.,Why not have,a change?,No zuo,no die.Why you try?,不作死，就不会死！,二,.,不定式的时态,不定式一般形式所表示的动作通常与谓语,动作同时或几乎同时发生，或是在它之后,发生。,I plan,to attend,the meeting to be held,tomorrow.,I saw him,go out,.,2.,如果谓语表示的动作发生时，不定式表示,的动作正在进行，不定式用进行时。,He is believed,to be coming,.,Im glad,to be working,with you.,3.,不定式动作发生在谓语动词之前，,用完成时。,He is believed,to have come,.,Im sorry,to have kept,you waiting.,4.,在,intended,expected,hoped,promised,wanted,wished,thought,等后用不定式完,成式表示过去没有实现的愿望，期待或,计划。,I hoped,to have finished,the work earlier.,1.You were silly not _ your car.,to lock B.to have locked,C.locking D.having locked,2.I dont know whether you happen,but Im going to study in the U.S.A.this September.,A,to be heard B,to be hearing,C,to hear D,to have heard,3.-Is Bob still performing?,-Im afraid not.He is said_ the stage already as he has become an official.,to have left B.to leave,C.to have been left D.to be left,三,.,不带,to,的不定式,在,feel,hear,listen to,make,let,have,see,look at,watch,notice,observe,等动词后，,不定式作宾补时不用,to,2.,在,cannot but,cannot choose but,cannot,help but,之后,I cannot but admire their courage.,3.,不定式动词在介词,but,except,后面,时，介词前有行为动词,do,I dont have any other choice but,to,accept,the fact.,She could,do,nothing but,cry,.,4.,不定式作表语，说明前面,do,的内容时,What he wants to,do,most now is,(,to)beat him,.,1.A computer does only what thinking people _.,A.have it do B.have it done,C.have done it D.having it done,2.Weve missed the last bus.Im afraid we have no choice but _ a taxi.,A.to take B.taking,C.take D.taken,V-ing,1.,主语,Reading is very important in learning a foreign language.,2.,表语,Her favourite sport is diving.,4.,宾语,I enjoy swimming.,3.,定语,drinking water,下列句型中常用动名词作主语,:,It is/was,no use/good,not any use/good,of little use/good,useless,+doing sth.,It is no use saying more.,说多了都是泪,.,admit,avoid,allow,advise,appreciate,consider,enjoy,dislike,deny,practise,permit,finish,delay,escape,involve,risk,mind,imagine,miss,suggest,某些动词后只能用动名词作宾语,介词宾语,Im tired,of,working.,Tell me something,about,fishing.,The tool is used,for,opening cans,.,I like sunbathing,after,swimming.,短语的宾语,feel like/can,t help/,can,t stand/put off/,give up/It,s no use/,It,s no good/etc.,带,to,短语的宾语,turn to/be used to/due to/refer to,be sentenced to/see to/stick to/,object to/lead to/look forward to/,get down to/devote oneself to,be accustomed to/be addicted to,condemn,.to,.,It condemns him to living alone.,有些动词如,love,like,hate,prefer,后既可以跟不定式又可以跟,ing,分词作宾语，意义上无多大区别,(,但,ing,分词,一般表示经常性的行为；不定式表示具体的行为,),。,I like _ very much,but I dont,like _ this afternoon.,A.swimming,swimming,B.to swim,to swim,C.swimming,to swim,D.to swim,swimming,C,Little Jim should love _ to the theatre this evening,A.to be taken B.to take,C.being taken D.taking,如果,like,love,prefer,前有,would/,should,后面则应该接动词不定式。,A,A,思考：下列情况中动词后,接不定式还是接,ing,分词作宾语呢？,Only then did I begin _(see)she was really good to me.,The moment he returned home,I was starting/beginning _(cook)supper.,The water began _(freeze).,to see,to cook,to freeze,4.,有些动词后既可以跟不定式，又可以跟动名词作宾语，但意义上有明显差别。,讨论：有哪些单词或短语？,go on(stop/forget/remember/regret)to do/doing,can,t help to do/doing,be used to do/doing,(get used to doing),(used to do),mean doing/to do,I regret,telling,him the bad news.,（已做）,Dont forget,to post,my letter.,（未做）,I remember,returning,your book.,（已做）,When the teacher came in,they stopped talking.,I felt tired,so I stopped to have a rest.,一般式,完成式,主动,被动,teaching,having,taught,being taught,having been taught,1.He was praised for having got full marks.,2.He regretted having married her.,3.He disliked being punished in public.,4.He regretted having been taken to such a place.,（完成式）,（完成式）,（被动态）,（被动态的完成式）,1.,Marys,being late made the teacher angry.,2.I suggest,his going there,.,3.I suggest,him,going there.,动名词的逻辑主语,动名词的否定形式,I regret,not following,his advice.,1,。改错,The parents are looking forward to hear from their daughter.,The parents are looking forward to hearing from their daughter.,2.You can easily improve your English by practise listening and speaking.,by practising listening and speaking,3.New ways have been found to stop the river from polluting.,stop the river from being polluted,4.He enjoys listening to the news in the morning and to watch TV in the evening.,He enjoys listening to the news in the morning and watching TV in the evening.,5.I didnt mind treating like that.,I didnt mind being treated like that.,6.Tom was scolded for having not finished his homework.,Tom was scolded for not having finished his homework.,分词,1.,分词的句法作用,The picture is,interesting,.,Have you read the book,written,by the famous actor.,Being ill,he hasn,t come.,They are watching the boys,playing football,.,2.,现在分词和过去分词作表语区别,现在分词：,“,令人,”,；,过去分词：,“,感到,”,The result was,_,.After hearing the news,we felt very,_,.(disappoint),His _ look suggested that the movie is very _.(interest),ing,ing,ed,ed,3.,作定语的区别,现在分词：表示主动、进行中的动作,过去分词：表示被动、完成的动作,falling leaves/fallen leaves,boiling water/boiled water,developing/developed country,speaking/spoken English,分词作定语时，常置于所修饰的词之后，相当于一个定语从句,1.Australia is the only country,covering,an entire continent.,2.The man,writing,this English letter is my teacher.,3.The letter,written,in English is from my teacher.,4.Suddenly there appeared a young woman,dressed,in white.,分词作状语的主要用法,(1),表示时间代替,when,while,after before,等引导的时间状语从句,:,Arriving,at the station(=When I arrived,),I found the train gone.,Hearing,the news(=When he heard,),he couldn,t help jumping up.,Walking,along the street(=While I was walking,),I met old Mike.,(,当强调时间时，可在分词前加,when,，,while,等连词，如：,),Be careful when(you are),transporting,the vases.,When(he was),asked,to stop talking,he became angry.,（,2,）表示原因,代替,as,，,since,等引导的原因状语从句，,Being tired(=As he was,tired),he went to bed early.,So the question is,There being so many schools to choose from,which is the strongest in Excavator Technology?,As there are so many schools to choose from,(3),表示条件,代替,if,unless,等引导的条件状语从句,Turning,to the right(=if you turn,to),youll find the theatre.,We wont go there unless(we are)invited.,These trees will grow better if,(they are)well looked after.,(4),表示让步,代替,though,although,even if,引导的让步,状语从句：,Although,having spent,(Although,he has spent)much time on his,study,he doesnt see his success.,Although tired,they continued to,work.,(5),表示方式或伴随状况,，,They walked into the classroom,talking,and,laughing,.,The teacher stood there,surrounded by,the students.,The Monkey King is coming,riding a motorbike.,分词作状语时的逻辑主语问题,分词作状语时，其逻辑主语必须同句子的主语一致；如果不一致，需在分词前加一个逻辑主语，分词和它的逻辑主语合称独立主格结构或用状语从句。,1),Being an orphan,the nurse treated him kindly.,2)His being an orphan,the nurse treated him,kindly.,3)As he was an orphan,the nurse treated him,kindly.,F,T,T,(True or false),1.Having been attacked by terrorists,_.,A.doctors came to their rescue,B.the tall building collapsed,C.an emergency measure was taken,D.warnings were given to tourists,2,While watching television,_.,A,the doorbell rang,B,the doorbell rings,C,we heard the doorbell ring,D,we heard the doorbell rings,5.,分词作补足语,能跟补足语的动词多为表示感觉,的动词,如,see,hear,feel,watch,notice,observe,等。,此外有些使役动词也能跟补足语：,have,make,get,keep,leave,等,He suddenly spotted her,sitting,at the back.,Sorry to have kept you,waiting,.,He suddenly spotted her,seated,at the back.,The wife found herself,occupied,with housework every day.,6.,某些分词固定词组,generally speaking,/,considering,/,judging by(from)/Compared with,Judging by,the movie,he must be badly hurt.,Compared with,this man,the previous one is so lame.,8.,独立主格结构,在用分词作状语时，它逻辑上的主语,要和句子的主语一致。但有时也可以,有自己独立的逻辑主语，由代词或名,词的主格担任，称为独立主格结构。,1,）代词或名词主格,+,分词,Weather,permitting,we,ll go by boat.,2,）,with+,宾语,+,分词,In parts of Asia you must not sit,with your,feet pointing at any other person,.,He stood for a moment,with his eyes fixed,on the apple,.,His father having so much money,he advertised his birthday along the whole street,