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(每日一练)(精选试题附答案)高中英语必修一Unit5LanguagesAroundtheWorld全部重要知识点
单选题
1、Sped skating is a competitive form of ice skating________ the competitors race each other in travelling a certain distance on skates.
A.in whichB.from whichC.on whichD.at which
答案:A
考查定语从句。句意:速滑是滑冰的一种竞技形式,选手们穿溜冰鞋进行一定距离的比赛。分析句子可知,空格处引导定语从句,修饰“a competitive form of ice skating”,指物,in a ... form“以……形式”,先行词作介词in 的宾语,指物,用关系代词which,还原定语从句为:in the competitive form the competitors race each other in travelling a certain distance on skates.故选A。
小提示:
2、Companies should understand the risks _______ they are exposed and monitor their control environments adequately.
A.on whichB.in whichC.to whichD.with which
答案:C
考查定语从句。句意:公司应该了解他们所面临的风险,并充分监控他们的控制环境。分析句子,此处考查介词+关系代词引导定语从句时,介词的选择。从句中的动词expose译为“使…曝光”,根据句意译为“暴露于”为expose…to,是固定搭配。to 可提至关系代词which前。故选C 项。
3、That was the office _________ they could look out to the sea.
A.from whichB.from whereC.thatD.which
答案:A
考查介词+关系代词引导定语从句。句意:那就是他们可以眺望大海的办公室。分析句子结构可知“they could look out to the sea”是做定语修饰office,所以它是定语从句,分析从句结构可知,句子成分完整,所以应用关系副词where引导从句,而where = from which。故选A项。
4、The U. S. and Russia have clashed over Russia’s ongoing military invasion of Ukraine, but space remains one area ______ the two historic rivals still work together.
A.whereB.in whereC.thatD.as
答案:A
考查定语从句。句意:美国和俄罗斯就俄罗斯对乌克兰的持续军事入侵发生了冲突,但是太空依旧是这两个历史上的竞争对手所需要合作的一个领域。“______ the two historic rivals still work together.”是限定性定语从句,修饰先行词area(领域),且从句缺少地点状语in the area,应用关系副词where来引导,故选A。
5、People’s ________ for bicycles may reflect public dissatisfaction with bus service.
A.insistenceB.preference
C.confidenceD.reference
答案:B
考查名词辨析。句意:人们对于自行车的偏爱可以反映出公众对于公共汽车服务的不满意。A. insistence坚持;B. preference偏爱;C. confidence自信;D. reference参考。根据句意“反映出公众对于公共汽车服务的不满意”可推知,公众对自行车“偏爱”。故选B。
6、Last week, only two people came to look at the house, _______ wanted to buy it.
A.neither of themB.both of themC.none of whomD.neither of whom
答案:D
考查代词和定语从句。句意:上周,只有两个人来看这所房子,他们都不想买。分析句子,前句提到“two people”表示两个人,故排除C项,none指三者或者三者以上都不。划线前的“逗号”不可同时放下两个简单句。故排除A和B项。再根据定语从句引导词作用之一,连接主从句。且此处表示两者都不。先行词为 two people ,作of的宾语。关系代词为whom。故选D项。
7、My attitude________him is that of a friend.
A.toB.asC.onD.For
答案:A
考查介词搭配。句意:我对他的态度是朋友的态度。A. to 朝、对于;B. as 作为、正如;C. on 在……之上;D. for 为了。分析句意再根据attitude可知,此处用介词to与attitude构成固定搭配,表示“对……的态度”符合语境。故选A项。
8、The reason ________ he didn’t come to school on time is ________ he had to take care of his sick brother at home.
A.That; becauseB.that; thatC.why; becauseD.why; that
答案:D
考查定语从句和表语从句。句意:他没有按时上学的原因是他不得不在家照顾生病的弟弟。第一个空是the reason引导的定语从句,在定语从句中,句子缺少原因状语,所以用关系副词why进行引导表示原因。第二个空是跟在is后的表语从句,从句中成分完整不缺其他含义,这里只需要起引导作用,所以用that。故此题选D。
9、The man ________ you borrowed the camera has left for New York.
A.whoB.from whomC.to whoD.that
答案:B
考查定语从句。句意:你向他借相机的那个人已经去纽约了。分析句子可知,句子为限制性定语从句,先行词为“man”,句中涉及固定短语“borrow sth. from sb.”,意为“向某人借某物”,先行词“man”在从句中作“from”的宾语,指人,故应用“介词from+关系代词whom”引导从句,空格处应填“from whom”。故选B项。
10、There was a time _______, if a lady got onto a crowded bus or train, a gentleman would immediately stand up and offer her his seat.
A.whileB.asC.whenD.unless
答案:C
考查关系副词。句意:曾经有一段时间,如果女士上了拥挤的公共汽车或火车,男士会立即站起来给她让座。表示“曾经有一段时间”是there was a time when,先行词是time,在定语从句中作时间状语,用when引导定语从句。故选C。
11、My father likes meat very much while my mother always has a(an) _______ for vegetables and fruits.
A.appreciationB.preferenceC.referenceD.enjoyment
答案:B
考查动词短语辨析。句意:我父亲非常喜欢吃肉,而我母亲总是偏爱蔬菜和水果。A.appreciation欣赏,感激;B.preference偏爱,偏好;C.reference参考;D.enjoyment享受。没有have an enjoyment for这种说法,故D选项不正确。have a preference for意思是“对……偏爱,特别喜爱”;have an appreciation for“欣赏……”;have an reference for“有一个……参考”。根据句子中while表示对比或转折可知,前后两句形成对比,“爸爸爱吃肉”而“妈妈偏爱蔬菜和水果”。故选B项。
12、Mike is taking notes of the grammatical rules in class at Sunshine School, where he ______ English for a year.
A.studiesB.had studiedC.has been studyingD.studied
答案:C
考查时态。句意:Mike正在阳光学校的课上记关于语法的笔记,他已经在阳光学校上了一年学了。根据for a year可知,此处应用完成时,且此处表示动作从过去持续到现在,并且还有可能继续持续下去,故应用现在完成进行时,故选C。
13、I don’t want to give the ______ that I’m running away from the punishment.
A.descriptionB.impressionC.expressionD.performance
答案:B
考查名词词义辨析。句意:我不想给人留下我在逃避惩罚的印象。A. description描述;B. impression印象;C. expression表达;D. performance表演。根据句意和空格后that从句的内容可知,我不想给人留下一种印象——我在逃避惩罚。故选B项。
14、Unsuccessful people can always find reasons ________ they’re not doing well.
A.for whichB.thatC.of whichD.where
答案:A
考查定语从句。句意:没有成功的人总是能找到他们做不好的理由。分析句子结构可知,空格前reasons作先行词,空格处应填定语从句的引导词,分析从句成分可知,从句中缺少状语,所以应用why或for which引导定语从句。故选A。
15、Music should be taught on a regular basis in schools because of the ______ it can bring to the development of children’s brains.
A.systemsB.prioritiesC.barriersD.benefits
答案:D
考查名词词义辨析。句意:学校应该定期教授音乐,因为音乐对儿童大脑的发育有好处。A. systems体系,系统;B. priorities优先事项;C. barriers障碍;D. benefits好处。根据“Music should be taught on a regular basis in schools”推知,音乐对儿童大脑的发展是有好处的。故选D。
小提示:
16、I reached into my wallet _________ I don’t usually have cash and pulled out all.
A.whichB.whereC.whenD.who
答案:B
考查定语从句。句意:我把手伸进我通常没有现金的钱包里,把所有的钱都拿出来了。A. which哪一个;B. where哪里;C. when什么时候;D. who谁。分析句型可知,空格处应该填入一个词引导定语从句。从句中缺少状语,且先行词是wallet(表示地点),where最符合题意。故选B项。
17、I was attracted to swimming because it is an excellent sport ______ children and adults can develop strength, endurance and flexibility.
A.whichB.thatC.whenD.where
答案:D
考查定语从句。句意:我被游泳所吸引,因为它是一项优秀的运动,儿童和成人可以发展力量,耐力和灵活性。句中先行词为sport,在定语从句中作地点状语,所以用关系副词where用法。故选D。
18、Pandas are ______ to the mountains of central China and only about 1, 000 remain in the wild.
A.nativeB.sensitiveC.relatedD.familiar
答案:A
考查形容词辨析。句意:大熊猫原产于中国中部山区,目前只有约1000只生活在野外。A. native本地的;B. sensitive敏感的;C. relate有关系的;D. familiar相似的。固定搭配be native to,译为“原产于某地”。由句意可知,熊猫原产于山区。故选A项。
19、It is one of the most surprising moments in Oscars history ________actor Will Smith walked on stage and slapped Chris Rock for a joke ________ Rock made about Smith’s wife’s hair.
A.which...thatB.that...whenC.when...thatD.that...which
答案:C
考查定语从句。句意:这是奥斯卡历史上最令人惊讶的时刻之一,演员Will Smith走上舞台,打了Chris Rock一巴掌,因为Rock对Smith妻子的头发开了个玩笑。根据句意及句子结构可知,第一空是定语从句,先行词是moments,在从句中作时间状语,用关系副词when引导。第二空考查定语从句,引导词指代先行词a joke,在从句中作宾语,引导词应填that/which/不填。故选C。
20、He has been preparing for the conference since last week ________ he will deliver a speech on the reform of the company.
A.whereB.thatC.whenD.which
答案:A
考查定语从句。句意:从上周开始,他一直在为会议做准备,他将在会上就公司的改革发表演讲。分析句子可知,此处引导限制性定语从句,先行词为the conference,在从句中作地点状语,意为“在会上”,所以此处用关系副词where引导从句。故选A。
21、The Everglades is the only place on Earth ______ fresh water alligators and saltwater crocodiles live in the same area.
A.thatB.whichC.whereD.whose
答案:C
考查定语从句。句意:大沼泽地是地球上唯一一个,淡水鳄和咸水鳄生活在同一地区的地方。分析可知,空白处及之后的内容为定语从句,先行词为place,在从句中作地点状语,所以要用关系副词where,故选C。
22、Adults, ________overly concerned with fame and fortune, sometimes fail to see the joy in simple things ________ children do not.
A.unless … butB.although … and
C.when … whereD.even if … unless
答案:C
考查状语从句和定语从句。句意:当成年人过度关注名利时,有时看不到简单事物中的快乐,而孩子们则不会如此。A. unless … but 除非…… 但是;B. although … and 尽管……和;C. when … where 时候…… 哪里;D. even if … unless甚至……除非。分析句子结构及结合句意可知,该句主句是 Adults, sometimes fail to see the joy in simple things,其中间是一个时间状语从句,后面是一个定语从句;其中,时间状语从句省略句表示“当成年人过度关注名利时”,应该用连接副词when引导;定语从句(simple things ________ children do not fail to see the joy)中先行词是simple things,在从句中做地点状语,应该用关系副词where引导。故选C项。
23、No matter how bright a talker you are, there are times ________ it's better to remain silent.
A.thatB.whenC.whyD.which
答案:B
考查定语从句。句意:不管你多么健谈,有时候还是保持沉默比较好。分析句子结构结合句意可知此处包含一个定语从句,先行词为times(有时候),表示时间,从句缺少时间状语,所以应使用关系副词when引导从句,故选B项。
24、________ he goes, he brings happiness and laughter to people.
A.WhereverB.WhicheverC.HoweverD.Whatever
答案:A
考查状语从句。句意:无论他去到哪儿,他都会把欢笑和快乐带给人们。A. Wherever无论哪儿; B. Whichever 无论哪一个;C. However 无论怎样,然而;D. Whatever无论什么。由句意可知,这是一个让步状语从句,缺少地点状语,所以应使用wherever(无论哪儿)引导从句,表示“无论他去到哪儿”,故选A项。
25、Have you read all the information that this case?
A.relateB.relate toC.relates toD.relates
答案:C
考查动词短语和主谓一致。句意:你读过所有与这个案子相关的信息了吗?表示“与……相关”短语为relate to,在定语从句中作谓语,且“that this case”为定语从句修饰先行词information,先行词在从句中作主语,从句为一般现在时,谓语动词与先行词保持一致,information是不可数名词,故谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故选C。
26、On her birthday, she received a nice present from her parents _______ a note was attached, saying “We love you so much.”
A.from whichB.to whichC.in whichD.by which
答案:B
考查定语从句。句意:在她生日那天,她收到了父母送给她的一份精美的礼物,上面有一张纸条,写着“我们非常爱你。”句子为限制性定语从句,先行词为present(礼物),根据从句中的was attached可知,先行词作be attached to的宾语,将to提到从句句首,其后用关系代词which指代先行词。故选B项。
27、Because of COVD-19, days are gone ________ local 5-star hotels charged 5,000 yuan for one night.
A.ifB.whenC.whichD.since
答案:B
考查连词。句意:受新冠肺炎疫情影响,当地5星级酒店一晚5000元的日子已经一去不复返了。分析句子可知,此处引导分割式限制性定语从句,先行词为days,关系副词when引导从句,在从句中作时间状语,相当于during which,意为“在那时”。故选B项。
28、Life is like a long race _______ we compete with each other to go beyond ourselves.
A.whereB.whichC.thatD.what
答案:A
考查定语从句。句意:生活就像一场长跑,我们彼此竞争,超越自我。空格后的句子是由a long race所引导的定语从句。在定语从句中,缺地点状语,表示在这场长跑中,所以我们用关系副词where进行引导。故此题选A。
29、This is the place_____ John was born?
A.whichB.whereC.whenD.that
答案:B
考查定语从句。句意:这是约翰出生的地方吗?根据题意可知,这是一个定语从句,先行词是地点the place,在定语从句中作状语,因此使用联系词where引导定语从句。故选B项。
小提示:
30、Importantly, ________ the method of translation, the spirit of the original work cannot be lost.
A.no matter howB.no matter whatC.no matter whenD.no matter where
答案:B
考查让步状语从句。句意:无论采用什么方式翻译,原著的精神不能丢失。A. no matter how无论如何;B. no matter what无论什么;C. no matter when 无论何时;D. no matter where无论哪里。根据句意,从句是省略句,完全句是no matter what the method of translation is,从句缺少表语,what从句中作表语。故选B。
完成句子
31、尽管过去十年有过跌宕起伏,但是香港的未来发展肯定将会更加光明灿烂。
Hong Kong will definitely develop toward an even brighter future, _________ _________ _________ _________of the past decade.
答案: despite ups and downs
考查介词和名词短语。分析句子可知,此处在句中作状语,所以用介词despite(尽管)+名词(短语)构成介宾短语;用名词短语ups and downs表达“跌宕起伏”之意,故填despite ups and downs。
32、The vase on show can ________ ________ ________ the Qing Dynasty.
展出的花瓶可追溯到清朝。
答案: date back to
考查固定短语。根据汉语提示可知,展出的花瓶可追溯到清朝,所以本题考查短语date back to“追溯到”,空前有情态动词can,所以要用动词用原形。故填date back to。
33、杰克那时没有信心和勇气,这就是他放弃那个计划的原因。
Jack had no confidence and courage at that time. That was the reason _________ _________ _________ _________ _________ _________.
答案: why he gave up the plan
考查定语从句、时态和动词短语。分析句子结构可知,设空处为定语从句,用来修饰先行词reason,作原因状语,由关系副词why引导;结合汉语提示,从句主语应使用代词he;“放弃”应使用动词短语give up,时态为一般过去时,应使用过去式,为gave up;“那个计划”应使用名词the plan。故填why he gave up the plan。
34、无论你在哪里,无论你在做什么,你都可以和朋友保持联系。(where)
You can stay in touch with friends ________ you are or what you are doing.
答案:no matter where
考查让步状语从句。空处引导让步状语从句,“无论……”应用no matter+疑问词,“在哪里”应用where,故填no matter where。
35、当她工作的部门因战争而关闭时,她开设了一家私人诊所,并收取很低的费用。
When the department ______ she worked was closed because of the war, she opened a private clinic and ______ very low fees.
答案: where charged
考查定语从句和时态。第一空引导限制性定语从句,先行词是the department,在从句中做地点状语,用关系副词where;第二空表示“收费”用动词charge,和主句谓语opened用一般过去时。故填①where ②charged。
36、During their visit to that country, they____________.
在他们访问那个国家期间,他们与当地人愉快地交流。
答案:communicated with natives happily
考查时态、动词短语和副词。“与某人交流”可译为communicate with sb. ,“当地人”可译为natives。根据原文可知,句子描述的是过去发生的动作,因此用一般过去时。“愉快地”可译为happily,作状语。故填communicated with natives happily。
37、这是中国被期望在很多全球事务上发挥更大作用的时期。(time)
________ China is expected to play a larger role in many global affairs.
答案:This is a time when
考查固定句型。固定句型this is a time when…意为“这是一个……的时期”,也是一个定语从句结构,先行词是time,关系副词when在从句中作时间状语。故填This is a time when。
38、无论我走到哪里,家永远是一个(用来)休息且温暖的地方。(no matter+疑问词)
Home is always a place of rest and warmth________.
答案:no matter where I go
考查状语从句和动词时态。句意:无论我走到哪里,家永远是一个可以让我休息并且给我温暖的地方。no matter where“无论哪.....”,I我;go去;此处引导让步状语从句,陈述客观事实,用一般现在时,主语为I,谓语动词使用动词原形。故填 no matter where I go。
39、专家说这座寺庙历史悠久,可追溯到初唐时期。(一句多译)
(1)According to the expert, the temple has a history ____________ the early Tang Dynasty.
(2)According to the expert, the temple has a history which ____________ the early Tang Dynasty.
答案: dating from##dating back to dates from##dates back to
考查非谓语动词。表示“追溯”应用短语date from/back to,分析句子可知,句中已有谓语动词has,且空前无连接词,因此要用现在分词作状语,故答案为dating from/back to。
考查定语从句的谓语和时态。表示“追溯”应用短语date from/back to,分析句子可知,此处是由which引导的限制性定语从句的谓语动词,which指代先行词a history,描述事实时态是一般现在时,因此谓语动词要用动词的第三人称单数形式。故答案为dates from/back to。
40、如果您能给我这个绝好的机会,我将不胜感激。
I’d ______ it if you could offer me the golden opportunity.
答案:appreciate
考查动词。对比中英文句意可知,空处需表示“感激”之意,appreciate感激,动词,符合题意;情态动词would后需接动词原形。故填appreciate。
语法填空
41、Raising the retirement age is a subject ____________which all the Chinese have argued for a long time. (用适当的词填空)
答案:about
考查介词。句意:提高退休年龄是所有中国人长期争论的话题。分析句子结构,本句为含有“介词+which”引导定语从句的复合句,定语从句修饰先行词subject,argue about sth.表示“就某事争论”,所以介词应用about。故填about。
42、According to the World Bank, China accounts for about 30 percent of total __________(globe) fertilizer(化肥)consumption. (所给单词适当形式填空)
答案:global
考查形容词。句意:根据世界银行的数据,中国约占全球化肥消费总量的30%。形容词global意为“全球的”,修饰名词fertilizer作定语,故填global。
43、—Are you getting on well with your partner?
—Not at all. We've almost come to the point ________ we have to separate. (用适当的词填空)
答案:where
考查定语从句。句意:——你和你的搭档相处得好吗?——根本不。我们几乎到了必须分开的地步。分析句子,设空处引导的是定语从句,先行词为the point,在定语从句中作地点状语。故填where。
44、The house _______which he paid 200,000 yuan is now worth 350,000yuan. (用适当的词填空)
答案:for
考查定语从句。句意:他花了20万元买的房子现在值35万元了。分析句子,设空处应该填写介词与后面的which构成介词+关系代词引导定语从句。定语从句中pay for为固定搭配,意为“支付”。故填for。
45、This is the time ________you should take a break and start something else. (用适当的词填空)
答案:when
考查定语从句。句意:这是你应该休息一下,开始做其他事情的时候。分析句子结构可知,本句是定语从句,先行词是time;根据句意以及先行词可知,从句缺少时间状语。故填when。
46、Now we live in a world surrounded by the “can’t do” _________ (attitude). (所给词的适当形式填空)
答案:attitudes
考查名词。句意:现在我们生活在一个被“不能做”的态度包围的世界。句中应该使用的是名词作宾语,attitude为名词,意为“态度”,此处用复数意义表示泛指。故填attitudes。
47、Students should involve themselves in community activities ________ they can gain experience for growth. (用单词适当形式填空)
答案:where
考查定语从句。句意:学生应该参与社区活动,在这些活动中,他们可以获取成长的经验。________ they can gain experience for growth.是一个定语从句,修饰先行词community activities,关系词在从句中作地点状语,用关系副词where引导该从句,所以填where。
48、At the Chinese art festival, there are different stands ________ artists demonstrate their skills and teach the visitors. (用适当的词填空)
答案:where##at which
考查定语从句。句意:在中国艺术节上,有不同的展台,在这里艺术家展示他们的技能,并教给游客。在定语从句中不缺少主语、宾语或表语,且先行词为stands,为地点,所以应用关系副词where。先行词为stands,在定语从句中应用介词at表示方位,关系代词which作介词at的宾语,所以也可用at which。故填where/at which。
49、The book discusses the extent ________which family life has changed over the past 50 years. (用适当的词填空)
答案:to
考查定语从句。句意:这本书讨论了过去50年来家庭生活的变化程度。分析句子可知,该句是一个定语从句,先行词是extent,从句中句子成分完整,且关系词中有which,此处需用“介词+which”的结构;先行词extent与介词to搭配,to...extent意为“到……程度”,which其前需加介词to。故填to。
50、You must arrange and finance your travel to and from the location ________ you will do your internship(实习). (用适当的词填空)
答案:where
考查定语从句。句意:你必须准备和
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