辅音(课堂PPT).ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,辅音(28),Consonant,1,什么是辅音？,What is consonant?,发音时不论声带震动与否，呼出的气流在通过口腔或鼻腔时，受到一定的阻碍，这样形成的音标称为,辅音。,发音时，声带不震动的辅音，称为,清辅音；,发音时，声带震动的辅音，称为,浊辅音。,2,课程内容,Course Content,爆破音（6）:,p b t d k g,摩擦音（10）:,f v s z,h r,破擦音（6）:,tr,dr,ts,dz,鼻辅音（3）:,m n,舌边音（1）:,l,半元音（2）:,w j,3,区别：,m n,ts dz,学习重难点,Learning Point,4,在,s,音的后边,发生音变,p 要读成 b,sport/s,p,:t/-/,b,/,t 要读成 d,style/s,t,ail/-/,d,/,k 要读成 g,school/s,k,u:l/-/,g,/,p b t d k g,（爆破音）在结尾,出现时，千万不要加上一个,音,job club /stop pop /sit let /,bad glad/work cook/pig dog,爆破音,（6）,发音注意点,Points,5,20个,28个,爆破音是指发音器官在口腔中形成阻碍,然后气流冲破阻碍而发出的音。,辅音的特点：,辅音是气流从肺中压出后受唇、齿、,舌、咽喉等发音器官,阻碍,的结果。辅音,有,清浊,之分,发音时声,带震动的是浊音,，,不震动的是清音,。,6,p,it,p,ay,ha,pp,y,P,ro,p,er,爆破音,发音要领：,发音时，双唇紧闭，气流突然冲开双唇，冲出口腔。,/,p,/是清辅音，声带不振动，/,b,/是浊辅音，声带振动。,b,it,b,ay,b,a,b,y,b,etter,7,Put the babys bottle by Pauls plate,please.,I remember theres a big bag of beans on the table.,请把婴儿的杯子放在鲍勃的旁边。,我记得桌子上有一大袋黄豆。,p&b,8,Read the following,space speis 空间,Spain spein 西班牙,passport p:sp:t,ps-护照,help help 帮助,apple pl 苹果,deep di:p 深的,plain plein 平原,pillow pilu 枕头,pocket pkit 口袋；,cap kp 帽子,people pi:pl 人,paper peip 纸,/p/,9,Read the following,beach bi:t 海滩,web web 网,bath b:/b 沐浴,bright brait 明亮的；聪明的,boat but 小船,cab kb 出租车,bride braid 新娘,/b/,bird b:d 鸟,herb h:b 药草,cabbage kbid 卷心菜,beast bi:st 野兽,build bild 建立,10,爆破音,发音要领：,舌尖紧抵上齿龈，形成阻碍，然后突然分开，气流冲出口腔。,/,t,/是清辅音，声带不振动，/,d,/是浊辅音，声带振动。,t,oo,t,ake,t,ea,t,ouch,d,o,d,irt,d,ea,d,woul,d,11,t&d,Tom told Tony to write eight letters on the top.,Did David dance or not in the end?,汤姆告诉托尼在上面写八个字母。,大卫最后有跳舞吗？,12,Read the following,table teibl 桌子,cotton ktn 棉花,hot ht 热的,stair st 楼梯,eat i:t 吃,stand stnd 站立,star st:星,water w:t,w-水,tea ti:茶,team ti:m 队,fat ft 肥的,better bet 更好的,/t/,13,Read the following,day dei 天,doctor dkt 医生,dare d 敢,dance d:ns,dns 舞蹈,deep di:p 深,dip dip 浸，泡,good ud 好的,dark d:k 黑暗的,do 强du:,弱du,d,d,du:做,code kud 代码,/d/,14,爆破音,发音要领：,舌后部抬起，紧贴软腭，形成阻碍。气流冲开阻碍后冲出口腔。,k,是清辅音，声带不振动，,g,是浊辅音，声带振动。,k,ic,k,boo,k,bi,k,e,c,at,g,et e,gg,g,ood do,g,15,k&g,Come in and have a cup of coffee.,The good girl gave an egg to the beggar.,进来喝杯咖啡。,好女孩给了一个蛋给乞丐。,16,20个,28个,辅音的特点：,辅音是气流从肺中压出后受唇、齿、舌、咽喉等发音器官,阻碍,的结果。辅音有,清浊,之分,发音时声,带震动的是浊音,，,不震动的是清音,。,摩擦音,是指发音时气流部分受阻，但气流仍可通过受阻部位的狭小缝隙，通过摩擦的方式而发音。,17,摩擦音,(10),发音要领：,下唇轻触上齿，气流由唇齿问的缝隙通过，摩擦成音。,f,是清辅音，声带不振动，,v,是浊辅音，声带振动。,f,alse,f,eel,o,ff,dol,ph,in,gi,v,e,arri,v,e,o,v,er,v,acation,18,f&v,Its a fine photo my wife and her family.,Have fun.,这些好看的照片是我的妻子和她的家人。,玩得开心。,19,Read the following,fleet fli:t 舰队,coffee kfi 咖啡,enough inf 足够,fix fiks 使固定；修理,phone fun 电话,finger fi 手指,flat flt 平坦的；公寓,stiff stif 呆板的；坚硬的,proof pru:f 证明；证据,half h:f,hf 一半,/f/,20,Read the following,sharp knife锋利的刀,feel fine感觉不错,far from it远非如此,face to face面对面,fight fire with fire以毒攻毒,a famous film star一位著名的电影明星,/f/,21,Read the following,active ktiv 积极的；活跃的；,dove dv 鸽子,clever klev 聪明的,victor vikt 胜利者,vest vest 背心,cave keiv 洞穴,view vju:视野；意见,brave breiv 勇敢的,veil veil 面纱,/v/,22,摩擦音,发音要领：,舌尖轻触上齿背部，气流从舌齿问的缝隙送出。,是清辅音，声带不振动。是浊辅音，声带振动。,th,ank,th,in,four,th,bir,th,th,is,th,ose,smoo,th,fa,th,er,23,&,There,are thirty-three thousand three,hundred and thirty-three,feathers,on,that birds throat.,在那个鸟的颈部有三万三前三百三是三根羽毛。,24,Read the following,thumb m 拇指,thief i:f 小偷,those uz 那些,throat rut 喉咙,bath b:/b 沐浴,thirsty :sti 口渴的,/,/,health hel 健康,thrift rift 节俭,breath bre 呼吸,teeth ti:牙齿,death de 死,north n:北，北方,25,Read the following,through thick and thin顽强地，在任何情形下,north and south北方和南方,thousands of数以千计的,from mouth to mouth广泛流传,set a thief to catch a thief以毒攻毒,the Fifth Avenue第五大街,/,/,I think you should thank him.,How do you think of Cathy?,26,Read the following,breathe bri:vi.呼吸,soothe su:vt.安慰,weather we 天气,these i:z 这些,brother br 兄弟,/,/,thus s 因此,leather le 皮革,there ,弱,r 那里,other 其他的,worthy w:i 值得的,they ei,弱e 他们,27,Read the following,this and that,又是这个又是那个；各种各样的东西,bathe in the sunny weather 沐浴在灿烂的阳光中,fathers brothers 父亲的兄弟,then and there 就在当时当地,/,/,This one is better than that.,My father and mother smiled.,28,Read the following,A:,What do you think of my new clothes?,B:,Though they look beautiful,they are a little thin if you wear them now,I think.,clothe klu vt.给穿衣；覆盖,clothes kluz n.衣服,clothing klui n.（总称）服装,cloth kl,kl:n.布，织物,/,/,29,摩擦音,s,oap,s,ize,s,ection,per,s,on,z,oo,z,ero,clo,s,e,vi,s,it,发音要领：,舌端靠近上齿龈，气流从舌端和齿龈间通过，形成摩擦音。,s,是清辅音，声带不振动，,z,是浊辅音，声带振动。,30,s&z,Pass me the salt on the desk.,It,wasnt,easy,to hear jazz in,those,days,.,把桌子上的盐递给我。,那时不容易听到爵士乐。,31,名词复数-s发/s/,/z/还是/iz/?,名词复数形式时词尾s的发音规则：,s,z,sh,ch为结尾，比如单词,bus,fox,dish,watch,等，这些单词的结尾音有一个一致的特点，就是和s的发音一样或特别接近，这使得若在这些单词的后面直接加个s来表达复数的话，成为,buss,foxs,dishs,watchs,s之间塞个e，变成,buses,foxes,dishes,watches,，并且让e发音为i，这样一来不就把两个相似的s的发音间隔开了,。,e发/i/，它什么音？,/i/是“响亮音”还是“不响亮音”？,1）S在清辅音后发s,2）S在浊辅音或元音后发z。,或者这样记忆：,1）S在不响亮音后发s,2）S在响亮音后发z。,32,Read Aloud,stopstops,s,;makemakes,s,readreads,z,;playplays,z,gogoes,z,;dodoes,z,do du:does,z,;say seisays,sez,trees and bees,likes and dislikes,33,Read the following,swimrice,scissors face,seasick,misssee,bussay,racescene,/,s,/&/z/,zipper,zip,magazine,zerohis,sizezoo,pleaseseize,possess,pzes,zebra,process,seize,zoozone,sizz,si:n,pruses,pr-,zun,34,摩擦音,sh,e,sh,y,s,ugar,s,ure,vi,s,ion,deci,s,ion u,s,ually,plea,s,ure,发音要领：,舌身抬起靠近硬腭，舌端抬向上齿龈，形成狭长通道，气流由此通,过，双唇稍微收圆并略突出。,是清辅音，声带不振动，是浊辅音，声带振动。,35,&,practice the conver,s,ation,a final deci,s,ion,练习对话,最后决定,36,Read the following,ship ip 船,shrimp rimp 虾,shoot u:t 射击,mustache mst:,mst 胡子,wash w,w:洗,shirt :t 衬衫,shame eim 羞耻,shout aut 呼喊,chef ef 厨师,she i:她,sugar u 糖,ocean un 海洋,/,37,Read the following,pleasure,ple,plei-,快乐,television,teli,vin,teliv-,电视,garage,r:d,r-,车库,closure,klu,关闭,casual,kjul,随便的,leisure,le,闲暇,seizure si:,没收；夺取；捕获,treasure tre,trei-,财富,usual ju:ul,通常的,massage ms:,ms-,按摩,measure me,测量,prestige presti:,-sti:d,prestid 威望,/,/,38,摩擦音,r,un,r,ed,r,ight,r,at,wh,o,h,ouse,h,eight,h,at,r,浊辅音,h,清辅音,39,r&h,I hear he has a hard heart.,I like raw fruit with fresh cream.,我听说他有一个很严格的心。,我喜欢未加工的水果蘸着新鲜的奶油吃。,40,20个,28个,辅音的特点：,辅音是气流从肺中压出后受唇、齿、,舌、咽喉等发音器官,阻碍,的结果。辅音,有,清浊,之分,发音时声,带震动的是浊音,，,不震动的是清音,。,破擦音,破擦音由一个,爆破音,和一个,摩擦音,组成,41,破擦音,(6),发音要领：,舌尖舌端抬高，贴住上齿龈后部形成阻碍，气流冲出阻碍摩,擦成音。口形稍突出，略成方形。,是清辅音，声带不振动，是 浊辅音，声带振动。,Ch,eese,ch,eap tea,ch,er,ch,ange cul,t,ure,j,azz E,g,ypt exchan,g,e,j,oke,j,uice,j,ust,42,破擦音,发音要领：,舌身与发r 时相似，舌尖向上卷起，并抵住上齿龈后部，气,流冲出舌尖和齿龈之问的阻碍，双唇收圆，稍向前突出。,tr,是清辅音，声带不振动，,dr,是浊辅音，声带振动。,try,tr,ee s,tr,eet,coun,tr,y,dry,dr,aw,dr,ink,ad,dr,ess,43,破擦音,发音要领：,舌端贴住上齿龈，形成阻碍，气流冲破阻碍，口形扁平。,ts,是清辅音，声带不振动，,dz,是浊辅音，声带振动。,wan,ts,res,ts,tes,ts,uni,ts,a,ds,ri,des,frien,ds,kin,ds,44,/m/n/,/的发音,/m/和/n/发音简单直接。/m/是由双唇紧闭发出的音，发音时上下唇紧闭，舌身平放，软腭下垂，气流从鼻腔泄出。/n/是个齿音，发音时舌头抵住上齿龈。,/,/的发音部位与爆破音/k/相同，舌后部触及软腭，堵塞口腔通道，双唇开，气流从鼻腔泄出。,鼻音与爆破音、摩擦音以及破擦音有很大的不同，,它具有某些类似元音的性质：可以自成音节。,45,鼻辅音,（3）,发音要领：,双唇紧闭，软腭下垂，气流从鼻腔送出。在词末时，须略延,长，以防止吞音。,m,m,e,m,ap a,m,azing,re,m,e,m,ber ti,m,e,exa,m,for,m,co,m,puter ga,m,es,come ho,m,e,so,m,e boys,46,鼻辅音,n,发音要领：,舌尖紧贴上齿龈，软腭下垂，形成阻碍，气流由鼻腔送出。,在词末时，须略延长，以防止吞音。,so,n,brow,n,su,n,rai,n,wi,n,ter champio,n,ow,n,mi,n,d,a,n,swer questions,a su,nn,y day,47,鼻辅音,发音要领：,软腭下垂，舌后部向软腭抬起，堵住口腔通道，气流从鼻腔,送出。词末时发音清晰有力，略微延长。,此音与汉语普通话的eng(昂)相似，在词末时清晰有力。,ba,n,k lo,ng,si,ng,E,n,glish bla,n,k painti,ng,shoppi,ng,thi,n,k,havi,ng,a good time,E,n,glish so,ng,s,work in a ba,n,k,48,Read the following,sinsing sinner singer inink,English ili,thing i,long l,l:,bank bk,spring spri,pink pik,spring spri,king ki,young j,wing wi,morning m:ni,/n/,/的区别,/,/的练习,49,Read the following,sing a song 唱一首歌,nothing wrong没什么错,a long evening一个漫长的夜晚,a long shopping list一张长长的购物单,the coming spring即将到来的春天,/,/的练习,50,舌边音,(1),在元音前时,，,发音清晰，舌端 抵上齿龈，气流从舌的一侧或两侧泄出。,l,ate,l,ike,l,ong,l,ow c,l,ose,在辅音前或词末时,，,发音含糊。舌端也抵上齿龈，但是,与清晰音相比，舌前部较低，舌后部较高，发音略长。,a,ll,se,ll,pu,ll,litt,l,e gir,l,l,51,半元音,(2),发音要领：,舌后部向软腭抬起，舌位高，口形收圆并稍向前突出，发音,短促，一经发出，立刻向后面的元音滑动，起辅音的作用。,w,w,e wait,w,alk,w,allet,w,ash,w,aiter,w,eek,w,inter,w,in,wh,at,on,w,eekends,w,ear glasses,w,ait for,52,半元音,j,发音要领：,舌前部尽量向硬腭抬起，双唇平展，口微开，舌面和硬腭稍,有摩擦，该半元音一经发出，立刻向后面的元音滑动，起辅,音的作用。,y,es,y,ou,y,ear,y,et,y,oung,y,our,y,our teacher,visit,y,our friends,my,y,ounger sister,53,复习,Review,爆破音（6）:,p b t d k g,摩擦音（10）:,f v,s z,h r,破擦音（6）:,tr,dr,ts,dz,鼻辅音（3）:,m n,舌边音（1）:,l,半元音（2）:,w j,54,