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单元综合检测(五)
Ⅰ.语言知识及应用(共两节，满分45分)
第一节 完形填空(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从1～15各题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项。
When I first entered university, my aunt, who is an English professor，gave me a new English dictionary.I was __1__to see that it was an EnglishEnglish dictionary，also known as a monolingual dictionary.__2__it was a dictionary intended for nonnative learners, none of my classmates had one and, to be honest，I found it extremely __3__to use at first.I would look up words in the dictionary and still not fully understand the meaning.I was used to the __4__bilingual dictionaries，in which the words are __5__both in English and Chinese.I really wondered why my aunt __6__to make things so difficult for me.Now，after studying English at university for three years，I __7__that monolingual dictionaries are __8__in learning a foreign language.
As I found out, there is in fact often no perfect equivalence (对应) between two __9__in two languages.My aunt even went so far as to __10__that a Chinese “equivalent” can never give you the __11__meaning of a word in English! Therefore, she insisted that I read the definition (定义) of a word in a monolingual dictionary when I wanted to get a better understanding of its meaning.__12__，I have come to see what she meant.
Using a monolingual dictionary for learners has helped me in another important way.This dictionary uses a (n) __13__number of words，around 2,000，in its definitions.When I read these definitions，I am __14__exposed to (接触) the basic words and learn how they are used to explain objects and ideas.__15__this, I can express myself more easily in English.
1．A.worried B．sad
C．surprised D．nervous
解析：选C。通读全文可知，作者是一个中国大学生，中国人学英语，尤其是初学者习惯使用英汉词典。当作者看到英英词典的时候，他感到“吃惊”。
2．A.Because B．Although
C．Unless D．If
解析：选B。前后两句在意义上是让步关系，所以用although引导让步状语从句。而A项because引导原因状语从句；unless和if引导条件状语从句。
3．A.difficult B．interesting
C．advanced D．practical
解析：选A。最初用英英词典，不习惯，所以作者感觉用起来“很难(difficult)”。interesting是“有趣味的”意思，根据下文not fully understand the meaning不可能是这个答案；advanced是“高级的，先进的”；practical是“实用的”，这两个词也不符合语境。[来源:Zxxk.Com]
4．A.new B．familiar
C．early D．ordinary
解析：选B。be used to表示“习惯……”，对作者来说习惯了双语词典，或者说是英汉词典。这里指双语词典的使用对他来说是熟悉(familiar)的。
5．A.explained B．expressed
C．described D．created
解析：选A。此句是一个in which引导的定语从句，其中words是主语，根据常识在词典中单词的意思是被“解释出来”的，所以用explained。
6．A.offered B．agreed
C．decided D．happened
解析：选C。我真想知道我姑妈为什么决定这么为难我。其他三个词虽然都跟动词不定式，但是在这里意思都不恰当。
7．A.imagine B．recommend
C．predict D．understand
解析：选D。过去不理解，经过在大学学习英语三年后，明白了(understand)。imagine是“想像”的意思；recommend是“推荐”的意思；predict是“预测”的意思；这三项均不符合语境。
8．A.natural B．better
C．easier D．convenient
解析：选B。结合上下文，此句中monolingual dictionaries和 bilingual dictionaries比较，A和D项没用比较级，better强调更好，更实用，而easier为更容易，与语境不符。
9．A.words B．names
C．ideas D．characters
解析：选A。词典上重点的内容应该是单词。
10．A.hope B．declare
C．doubt D．tell
解析：选B。我姑妈甚至还声称汉语意思决不能给出一个英语单词的确切意思。
11．A.exact B．basic
C．popular D．extreme
解析：选A。前面的a Chinese “equivalent”和the __11__ meaning of a word in English对应，所表达的应是对应不准确的问题，所以用exact。
12．A.Largely B．Generally
C．Gradually D．Probably
解析：选C。该句的谓语have come to see是表示“变化过程”，所以用gradually表示“渐渐地”。
13．A.extra B．average
C．total D．limited
解析：选D。从后面的around 2,000可知词典中用于解释词义的词是限制在2000左右。
14．A.repeatedly B．nearly
C．immediately D．anxiously
解析：选A。在有限的范围内，查阅、阅读释义的话，就会反复接触基本词汇，学会这些词汇怎样用来解释事物和观点，所以用repeatedly表示“反复地，经常地”。
15．A.According to B．In relation to
C．In addition to D．Because of
解析：选D。后面主句部分I can express myself more easily in English.表达的是结果，此处表达的应该是原因，说明使用这种词典所带来的好处。
第二节 语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。
Night after night, she came to tuck me in, even long after my childhood years.16.____________(follow) her longstanding custom，she’d lean down and push my long hair out of the way，then kiss my forehead.
I don’t remember 17.____________it first started annoying me—her hands pushing my hair that way.Finally, one night，I shouted out at her，“Don’t do that anymore—your hands are too rough！” She didn’t say 18.____________in reply.But never again 19.____________my mother close out my day 20.____________that familiar expression of her love.
Time after time, with the passing years, my 21.____________(think) returned to that night.By then I missed my mother’s hands—missed her goodnight kiss on my forehead.
Now those hands I once thought to be so rough were still doing things for me and my family.I frequently recalled the night my young voice complained.One night，catching Mom’s hand in hand, I blurted out how sorry I was for that night.I thought she’d remember 22.____________I did.But Mom didn’t know what I 23.____________(talk) about.She had forgotten—and forgiven—long ago.
That night, I fell asleep with a new 24.____________(appreciate) for my gentle mother and 25.____________caring hands.And the guilt that I had carried around for so long was nowhere to be found.
16．解析：因逻辑主语she与follow是主动关系，用现在分词短语作状语，故填Following。[来源:学科网]
答案：Following[来源:学+科+网Z+X+X+K]
17．解析：引导宾语从句，表示时间，用连接副词when。句意：我不记得母亲最初是什么时候开始用手拨弄我的头发了。
答案：when
18．解析：母亲什么也没回答，在否定句中，用anything。
答案：anything
19．解析：因否定词never置于句首时，要用部分倒装，是一般过去时，填助动词did。
答案：did
20．解析：意思是“用她那熟悉的爱的表达方式”，表示“用”，填介词with。
答案：with
21．解析：由形容词性物主代词my可知，该空应填名词；另外thought用复数形式，表示“记忆，心思”。
答案：thoughts
22．解析：作者认为母亲会像她自己记得的那样，也记得那件事。表示“与……一样”，填连词as。
答案：as
23．解析：妈妈不知道我在谈论什么，用过去进行时，填was talking。
答案：was talking
24．解析：不定冠词a后应接名词，故填appreciation。
答案：appreciation
25．解析：指母亲体贴的双手。
答案：her
Ⅱ.阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节 阅读理解(共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Many people catch a cold in the springtime or fall.It makes us wonder...if scientists can send a man to the moon，why can’t they find a cure for the common cold.The answer is easy.There are literally hundreds of kinds cold viruses out there.You never know which one you will get，so there isn’t a cure for each one.
When a virus attacks your body，your body works hard to get rid of it.Blood rushes to your nose and brings congestion(充血) with it.You feel terrible because you can’t breathe well，but your body is actually “eating” the virus.Your temperature rises and you get a fever，but the heat of your body is killing the virus.You also have a runny nose to stop the virus from getting to your cells.You may feel miserable，but actually your wonderful body is doing everything it can to kill the cold.
Different people have different remedies for colds.In the United States and some other countries，for example，people might eat chicken soup to feel better.Some people take hot baths and drink warm liquids.Other people take medicines to stop the fever，congestion，and runny nose.
There is one interesting thing to note—some scientists say taking medicines when you have a cold is actually bad for you.The virus stays in you longer because your body doesn’t have a way to fight it and kill it.Bodies can do an amazing job on their own.There is a joke，however，on taking medicine when you have a cold.It goes like this：It takes about 1 week to get over a cold if you don’t take medicine，but only 7 days to get over a cold if you take medicine.
26．Why the scientists who can send a man to the moon but can’t find a cure for the common cold？Because________.
A．the scientists find the cold is more difficult to deal with than sending a man to the moon
B．there are too many flu viruses and one can’t decide which kind of viruses he gets
C．there can’t be a cure for each of the cold viruses
D．the way of curing a common cold is so easy that the scientists don’t bother to find it
解析：选B。细节理解题。根据第一段的 “There are literally hundreds of kinds cold viruses out there.You never know which one you will get，so there isn’t a cure for each one.”可知，因为感冒病毒的种类太多，所以很难找到每一种病毒的治疗方法。
27．When one is having a cold，his body maybe will do the following to “eating” the virus EXCEPT ________.
A．blood rushing to his nose
B．running a fever [来源:Zxxk.Com]
C．having a running nose
D．being breathless
解析：选D。细节理解题。根据第二段的第2句话可知，A项正确。根据第二段的第4句话可知B项正确；根据第二段的第5句话可知C项正确；而D项说“喘不过气来；气喘吁吁”不符合原文。
28．From the passage，we can learn that ________.
A．all the scientists agree with curing the cold by the body itself instead of taking the medicine
B．there is not any use in taking the medicine when one catches the cold
C．some scientists think taking medicine will make the viruses stay longer in our bodies
D．a patient in California suffering a cold takes a cold bath cure it
解析：选C。细节理解题。根据文中第四段的1句话和第2句话可知，C项正确；仅仅是有些科学家反对药物治疗；故A项是错误的。药物治疗并非一点用处也没有，故B项所述为干扰项；根据第三段的内容可知，美国或其他一些国家的人们感冒后会洗热水澡，而不是冷水澡；故D项不对。
29．What can we infer from the last paragraph?
A．The viruses will stay in the body for a longer time if the patients don’t take medicine.
B．Taking medicine costs as long as not taking it in curing a cold.
C．It will cost the patient less time to cure the cold taking medicine.
D．The joke on taking the medicine shows that taking medicine costs longer than not taking it in curing a cold.
解析：选D。推理判断题。由本段最后1句话的笑话“It takes about 1 week to get over a cold if you don’t take medicine，but only 7 days to get over a cold if you take medicine.”以及本段中的第2句话可知，对于治疗感冒来说吃药花费的时间更长久。
30．The underlined word in the third paragraph probably means ________.
A．ways of cooking B．diet habits
C．treatment methods D．curing means
解析：选C。词义猜测题。下文是叙述不同的人采取的治疗感冒的方式；故此处的 remedies应该是“治疗方式”。
B
After giving birth to her son last year，Sarah Mann，a mother in Santa Barbara，Calif，became one of an increasing number of women in the United States choosing to breastfeed(母乳喂养) her children.
“It seemed natural to me，” Mann,29，said.“The main thing is that it’s good for him — that was my greatest motivation.”
But what Mann didn’t know was breast milk — considered the best source of nutrition for babies —is low in Vitamin D．The American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) recommends all children，including infants，get 400 International Units (IU) of Vitamin D per day，an amount that is not possible to get from breast milk alone，experts say.And while people can also get Vitamin D from sunlight，the AAP advises that infants younger than six months avoid exposure to direct sunlight due to skin cancer risk.
So what’s a mom to do?
The AAP recommends Vitamin D supplements be given to breastfed babies shortly after birth.However，Mann’s pediatrician(儿科医师) never brought this up，and she didn’t come across it in any of the materials she read.“I didn’t even know that that was something we should be doing，” she said.
Mann is not exclusive.Only about 5 percent to 13 percent of breastfed babies received Vitamin D supplements between 2005 and 2007，according to a study published in April.These low numbers might stem from the misunderstanding that breast milk contains everything the baby needs，experts say.
“I think that the opinion that ‘breast is best’ leaves people just giving the breast milk and thinking that there isn’t anything else that the breast milk might be missing，” said Dr.Joyce Lee，a pediatric endocrinologist(内分泌专家)．
And recent surveys indicate less than half of pediatricians are recommending Vitamin D supplements to breastfed babies，another possible reason for the low numbers.
31．What can we learn from the passage?
A．More and more women in the world prefer to the breastfeeding their children.
B．Actually breast milk contains all the nutrition that a child needs.
C．The breast milk is lacking of Vitamin D，which is not known by most mothers.
D．The infants can get directly the Vitamin D from the Sunlight without any damage to their health.
解析：选C。细节理解题。根据文中第三段的第1句话“But what Mann didn’t know was breast milk — considered the best source of nutrition for babies —is low in Vitamin D．”可知，母乳中维生素D的含量很低，这一点，Mann并不知道；故C项正确。
32．Which of the following descriptions fits Sarah Mann?
A．Mann’s pediatrician ever put forward a piece of advice on supplementing Vitamin D.
B．Mann is not the only one of the mothers who don’t know the breast milk lacks Vitamin D.
C．Mann has ever read some material about the lacking of Vitamin D in breast milk.
D．When her son was born，Mann was twentynine.
解析：选B。细节理解题。B项所述与文中第六段的第1、2句话的内容可知“与Mann类似的妈妈还有很多”。[来源:学科网]
33．Why is there a very low number of children receiving the Vitamin D supplement? Because ________.
A．Vitamin D is of little importance to the children
B．the breast milk might not be missing anything else because “breast milk is the best”
C．mothers’ wrong opinion of “breast is best ” and less than half of the doctors’ recommending Vitamin D supplements possibly cause it
D．the parents don’t realize the importance of the Vitamin D
解析：选C。推理判断题。根据文中最后二段的叙述可知，导致“很少数量的儿童补充维生素D是因为妈妈们对母乳的错误认识以及很少有儿科医生会这样推荐”。
34．The underlined word in the passage possibly means________.
A．satisfied B．shocked
C．alone D．accompanied
解析：选C。词义猜测题。下文提到“只有5%～13%的儿童接受维生素D的补充 ”，故此处的exclusive是“单独的；唯一的”意思。[来源:学科网ZXXK]
35．What is the main idea of the passage?
A．Breastfeeding’s disadvantages and advantages.
B．Supplementing Vitamin D to breastfed children.
C．Ways of feeding children.
D．The experts’ suggestions on feeding children.
解析：选B。主旨大意题。根据全文内容来看，本文主要讲述要为母乳喂养的孩子补充维生素D。本文未提及母乳喂养的优缺点；仅是提到母乳中缺少维生素D；故A项错误；C、D两项意义均过于空乏，不符合原文内容。
C
You’re rushing to work and a man ahead of you collapses on the sidewalk.Do you stop to help? In a study of bystanders，it was found that some people avert their gaze and keep on walking rather than stop and get involved.
“There is a tendency to decide that no action is needed.”says a psychologist.“The first thoughts that pop into your mind often keep you from offering help.In order to take action，you have to work against them.” Here are some common thoughts that might prevent you from helping.
●Why should I be the one? I’m probably not the most competent (有能力的) person in this crowd.You might think someone older or with more medical knowledge should offer assistance.
●What if he doesn’t really need my help? The fear of embarrassment is powerful；no one wants to risk looking foolish in front of others.
●No one else looks concernedthis must not be a problem.We can follow the people around us，but most people tend to hold back their emotions in public.
“If you spot trouble and find yourself explaining inaction，force yourself to stop and evaluate the situation instead of walking on，” says the psychologist.“Then retry to involve other people；you don’t have to take on the entire responsibility of being helpful.Sometimes it’s just a matter of turning to the person next to you and saying，‘It looks like we should do something.’Or asking someone if an ambulance has been called and，if not，to call for one.Once you take action，most people will follow you.”
36．Which is NOT the common thought that stops you from helping others?[来源:学&科&网Z&X&X&K]
A．I’m not the very person capable of settling the problem.
B．It looks like we should do something.
C．It must not be a problem as no one else is concerned.
D．He doesn’t really need my help.
解析：选B。细节理解题。根据I’m probably not the most co
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