资源描述
(每日一练)(精选试题附答案)高中英语必修一Unit4NaturalDisasters经典知识题库
单选题
1、When the big earthquake happened, in less than a minute, the whole city lay ______.
A.in ruinsB.in troubleC.in dangerD.in shock
答案:A
考查固定短语辨析。句意;大地震发生时,不到一分钟,整个城市就成了一片废墟。in ruins严重受损;破败不堪;in trouble处于不幸中;in danger处于危险中;in shock震惊。地震发生导致整个城市成为废墟。故选A。
小提示:
2、I can never understand the reason _______ he explained to me.
A.whyB.thatC.whenD.where
答案:B
考查定语从句。句意:我不明白他向我解释的原因。分析句子可知,此处是定语从句关系词,先行词reason在从句中充当explain的宾语,应用关系代词which/that,故选B项。
小提示:本题考查定语从句关系代词。确定定语从句关系代词一般分为三步:找出先行词;分析先行词在从句中充当什么成分;考虑特殊情况。以本题为例:
1 .找出先行词:reason
2 .分析先行词在从句中充当的成分:先行词reason在从句_______ he explained to me中充当宾语,应用关系代词which/that
3 .考虑特殊情况:无
故选B项。
3、Sophia Scott started a free tutoring service to help anyone ________ had difficulty catching up.
A.whoseB.thatC.whomD.who
答案:D
考查定语从句。句意:索菲亚·斯科特开始了一项免费辅导服务,帮助赶上有困难的人。句中先行词为anyone,指人,在定语从句中作主语,所以用关系代词who引导。故选D。
4、The bird flu ________through Asia has jumped from birds to humans at least 20 times so far, ________16 persons.
A.sweeps; killedB.swept; killingC.sweeping; to killD.sweeping; killing
答案:D
考查非谓语动词。句意:到目前为止,席卷亚洲的禽流感已经从鸟类传播到人类至少20次,造成16人死亡。A.sweeps; killed 席卷;杀死;B.swept; killing 席卷;杀死;C.sweeping; to kill席卷;杀死;D.sweeping; killing席卷;杀死。分析句子可知谓语动词是has jumped,推断两个空格处都是非谓语动词,排除A选项(sweeps是第三人称单数);第一空处The bird flu和sweep之间是主动关系,用现在分词作后置定语,排除B(swept是过去式或过去分词);第二空处用现在分词作结果状语,表示顺其自然的结果,排除C(动词不定式表示出乎意料的结果)。故选D。
5、Peter can be really difficult at times ________ he’s a nice person in general.
A.even ifB.as thoughC.as ifD.if only
答案:A
考查状语从句。句意:彼得有时真的很难缠,即使一般情况下他是一个很好的人。A. even if即使,尽管; B. as though似乎,好像; C. as if似乎,好像; D. if only要是...就好了。空前表示Peter有时候很难缠;空后句子表示他通常情况都是很好很和善的人,前后有转折关系,只有A项even if可以引导让步状语从句,符合题意。故选A项。
6、A sport with a broom on ice ________ requires bowling ________ makes curling one of the most unique sports out there.
A.that … precisionB.that … diversity
C./ … precisionD./ … diversity
答案:A
考查定语从句和名词词义辨析。句意:冰壶是一项要求精准度的运动,它在冰上要使用冰刷,这使得冰壶成为最独特的运动之一。precision 精准度;diversity 多样性。第一个空处考查限定性定语从句,先行词是sport,在从句中作主语,应用关系代词that或which,且不能省略;第二个空处考查名词词义辨析,根据常识可知,冰壶要求精准度,应用名词precision。故选A项。
7、The villagers, ________had been washed away by the flood, received the government's aid.
A.all their propertiesB.all of their properties
C.all whose propertiesD.all of whose properties
答案:D
考查定语从句。句意:村里所有的财产都被洪水冲走,村民们得到了政府的援助。根据句子结构分析可知,“received”是主句谓语,因此设空处引导的句子为非限制性定语从句,先行词为villages(村庄),从句中连词做定语修饰主语properties,意为“村庄的财产”,用关系代词whose。不定代词all修饰名词时需要使用介词of,意为“所有的……”。故选D。
8、It is very important to remain________in an emergency.
A.calmB.stillC.quietD.silent
答案:A
考查形容词词义辨析。句意:在紧急情况下保持冷静是非常重要的。A. calm镇静的;B. still静止的;C. quiet安静的;D. silent沉默的。根据an emergency,结合常识可知,遇到突发情况时应保持镇静。故选A。
9、Newton is shown as a gifted scientist with every human weakness stood at the point in history magic ended and science began.
A.who; whereB.which; whereC.who; whenD.which; that
答案:A
考查定语从句。句意:牛顿被证明是一位天才科学家,有着人类的种种弱点,他站在了历史上魔术结束、科学开始的时刻。分析句子可知,两个设空处都引导定语从句;第一空处关系词代替先行词Newton在从句中充当主语,应用关系代词who,第二空处关系词代替先行词point在从句中充当地点状语,应用关系副词where,故选A项。
10、I’ll ask the teacher about the subjunctive mood______I’m very puzzled about; and that’s also ______ most of our classmates have doubt.
A.which; whatB.why; thatC.which; whereD.that; how
答案:C
考查定语从句和表语从句。句意:我会问老师关于虚拟语气的问题,我对此很困惑;这也是我们大多数同学怀疑的地方。“I’m very puzzled about”是定语从句,从句中缺少宾语,先行词“the subjunctive mood”是物,因此第一空用关系代词which/that引导定语从句,“most of our classmates have doubt”是表语从句,从句中不缺主语或宾语,根据语境可知,句子表示“这也是我们大多数同学怀疑的地方”,因此空格处是“......的地方”,因此第二空用where引导表语从句,故选C。
11、Teenagers nowadays are a “technology” generation, different from those ________ their parents used to be.
A.whomB.whatC.whoD.that
答案:C
考查定语从句。句意:现在的青少年是“科技”一代,与他们父母那代人不同。分析句子可知,空处引导定语从句,先行词是those,指人,关系词在从句中作表语,根据定语从句引导词的特殊用法,先行词为those,引导词使用who。故选C。
12、It was in the lab ________ was taken charge of by Professor Black ________ they did the experiment.
A.that; whereB.which; that
C.whom; thatD.which; where
答案:B
考查定语从句和强调句型。句意:他们是在Black教授负责的实验室里做实验的。分析句子可知,第一空引导定语从句,先行词是lab,关系词在从句中作主语,应用that或which引导;第二空和句首的It was构成强调句型,被强调部分是地点状语in the lab,故此处用that。故选B项。
13、The project savings from cooling is about $4,000 a year on a new roof ________ life span is about 50 percent longer than that of a traditional roof.
A.whatB.whoseC.whichD.such
答案:B
考查定语从句。句意:这个项目在新屋顶冷却方面每年可节省约4000美元,新屋顶使用寿命比传统屋顶长50%左右。分析句子可知,空处引导定语从句,先行词是a new roof,关系词和life span之间是所属关系,应用whose引导,在从句中作定语。故选B项。
14、The close relationship among defense contractors, the Pentagon (美国五角大楼) and politicians has become a US monster ________seeks unceasing war over peaceful coexistence.
A.whoB.thatC.for whichD.whose
答案:B
考查定语从句。句意:这些军火商与五角大楼和美国政客之间的密切关系,已经演化成了一个庞然大物,它只想要无尽的战争,而不是和平共处。句中先行词为 a US monster,指物,在定语从句中作主语,所以用关系代词which或that引导。故选B。
15、It seems ________ nothing would ever stop her from continuing this work.
A.as ifB.even ifC.in caseD.if
答案:A
考查连接词。句意:似乎没有什么能阻止她继续这项工作。A.as if 好像;B.even if即使;C. in case假使;D. if如果。It seem as if ...“看起来好像...,似乎...”,as if引导表语从句。故选A。
16、From monuments ________define history, to towering skyscrapers, to a little red lighthouse under a huge suspension bridge, you’ll be treated to spectacular views.
A.whenB.thatC.whereD.whose
答案:B
考查定语从句。句意:从定义历史的纪念碑,到高耸的摩天大楼,到巨大吊桥下的红色小灯塔,您将看到壮观的景色。此处为定语从句修饰先行词monuments,先行词在从句中作主语,指物,故用关系代词that或which引导。故选B。
17、We study in a classroom ______ windows face to the south.
A.whoseB.whichC.whereD.that
答案:A
考查定语从句。句意:我们在一间窗户朝南的教室里学习。本句考查定语从句,先行词为a classroom,关系词在从句中充当定语成分,表示the classroom's,应用whose。故选A项。
18、I think this is the most interesting story_________is made up by my uncle.
A.whatB.which
C.thatD.as
答案:C
考查定语从句。句意:我认为这是我叔叔编的最有趣的故事了。_________could be used to buy clothes for his children.是一个定语从句,由于先行词story在定语从句中作主语,且被形容词的最高级修饰,因此关系代词只能用that,故选C。
19、During the pandemic, all patients and their families, without ________, must carry their ID card and show their health QR code before entering the hospital.
A.permissionB.effortC.exceptionD.access
答案:C
考查名词词义辨析。句意:在疾病大流行期间,所有患者及其家属,无一例外,在进入医院前都必须携带身份证并出示健康二维码。A. permission许可;B. effort努力;C. exception例外;D. access通道。根据句意和句中“all patients and their families”可知,句中强调的是所有患者及其家属,无一例外,“exception”意为“例外”,名词词性,“without exception”意为“无一例外”。故选C项。
20、The novel published last month, ________ author was a 15-year-old girl, is a best-seller.
A.whichB.whoC.whenD.whose
答案:D
考查定语从句。句意:这本小说上个月出版,作者是一个15岁的女孩,是一本畅销书。分析句子,设空处引导的是定语从句,从句中缺少定语,修饰先行词the novel。故选D。
21、The nurse will be ______ when needed, so it’s unnecessary to worry about the patient.
A.in the open airB.on handC.in shockD.now and then
答案:B
考查固定短语词义辨析。句意:需要时护士会在旁边,所以不必担心病人。A. in the open air在户外;B. on hand在场,在旁边;C. in shock处于震惊之中;D. now and then时而,有时。根据句意可知,不必担心病人,因为如果病人有需要,护士会在旁边,“on hand”意为“在跟前,在旁边”,符合句意。故选B项。
22、The only thing________can be done is to stop them from going there.
A.thatB.whichC.whatD.who
答案:A
考查定语从句。句意:唯一能做的就是阻止他们去那里。分析句子结构,________can be done是一个定语从句,修饰先行词The only thing,关系词在从句中作主语,指物,当先行词被the only修饰时,用that不用which,故选A。
23、For many older people, especially those __________health issues, poor eyesight makes_______ almost impossible on small screens, and their leathery fingers makes _________to use touch-screens.
A.suffering, reading, it hardB.suffering from, reading, it hard
C.suffering from, to read, hardD.suffering, to read, hard
答案:B
考查非谓语动词,代词it,形容词和短语。句意:对于许多老年人,尤其是那些患有健康问题的老年人来说,视力差使得他们几乎不可能在小屏幕上阅读,而且他们粗糙的手指也很难使用触摸屏。分析句子可知,“_____health issues”作定语,修饰those,suffer from“患……病”,suffer“遭受”,由health issue“健康问题”可知,用suffer from,与主语those是主动关系,用现在分词形式作定语;“make+宾语+宾补”是固定用法,作宾语用动名词reading,不定式一般置后;空③make后的宾语是不定式“to use touch-screens”,用形式宾语it,接形容词hard作宾语补足语,综上,故选B。
24、With much heat __________ from the sun, the panels __________ it into energy __________the building.
A.capturing; dominate; poweredB.capturing; convert; powered
C.captured; dominate; poweringD.captured; convert; powering
答案:D
考查过去分词、现在分词和固定搭配。句意:利用从太阳捕获的大量热量,电池板将其转化为能源,为建筑提供动力。分析句子可知,第一空作宾补,表示与宾语heat之间的被动关系,所以应填其过去分词形式captured;第二空填谓语动词,句子描述的是客观事实,应用一般现在时,convert...into...为固定搭配,表示“将......转换为......”,符合语境,dominate“统治,支配”,不合语境;第三空填现在分词powering作后置定语,表示“提供动力”,修饰名词energy,表示与其逻辑主语energy之间的主动关系。故选D项。
25、That is the famous university _____my friend and I visited last summer vacation.
A.whereB.whichC.thatD.what
答案:C
考查定语从句关系词。句意:那是我和朋友去年暑假参观的著名大学。此处是定语从句,先行词等于关系词,先行词是the famous university,指物,在从句中做宾语,因先行词在主句中作表语,只能用关系代词that。故选C项。
26、As a respected zoological institution, SeaWorld not only ________, rehabilitates and returns to nature hundreds of wild animals every year but also generously ________ conservation and scientific research.
A.rescues … focuses onB.rescues … funds
C.releases … focuses onD.releases … funds
答案:B
考查动词词义辨析。句意:作为一个受人尊敬的动物学机构,海洋世界不仅每年拯救、治疗数百种野生动物,让它们回归自然,而且还慷慨资助动物保护和科学研究。rescue搭救,解救;release释放,解放;focus on集中精力于;fund资助。分析句子可知,第一空“解救,治疗和放回自然”符合逻辑顺序,因此填rescue;第二空,根据空前generously可知,此空填拨款,资助。故选B项。
27、The experience in Paris gave the young musician a unique________ into the influence of music on children, so he founded a school to teach children to play the piano.
A.privilegeB.libertyC.insightD.emergency
答案:C
考查名词词义辨析。句意:在巴黎的经历让这位年轻的音乐家对音乐对儿童的影响有了独特的见解,所以他创办了一所学校教孩子们弹钢琴。A. privilege特权;B. liberty自由;C. insight洞察力,见解;D. emergency紧急情况。根据“the influence of music on children”可知,此处表示这位年轻的音乐家对音乐对儿童的影响有了独特的见解。故选C。
28、Some regional and international passenger flights remain ________ until further notice due to the rising concerns over the virus.
A.crashedB.conductedC.suspendedD.sustained
答案:C
考查动词词义辨析。句意:由于对病毒的担忧日益加剧,一些区域和国际客运航班继续暂停,直到另行通知。A. crashed撞车;B. conducted实施;C. suspended暂停;D. sustained维持。根据后文“until further notice due to the rising concerns over the virus”可知指由于对病毒的担忧日益加剧,一些区域和国际客运航班继续暂停,应用suspend。故选C。
29、Grandma said she was feeling okay, but I think I could ________ a bit of sadness in the way she was speaking.
A.experienceB.detectC.showD.suffer
答案:B
考查动词词义辨析。句意:奶奶说她感觉很好,但我想我能从她说话的方式中察觉到一点悲伤。A.experience经历;B.detect察觉;C.show展示;D.suffer遭受。由“in the way she was speaking”可知,句子表示“我能从她说话的方式中察觉到一点悲伤”,空格处意为“察觉”,故选B。
30、One day, an idea ________ Waters that maybe her cooking could help her make some money.
A.struckB.beatC.occurredD.recalled
答案:A
考查动词词义辨析。句意:有一天,沃特斯突然想到,也许她的厨艺可以帮她赚些钱。A. struck击打,突然想到;B. beat打败;C. occurred出现,(想法)产生;D. recalled回想起。根据句意可知,句中表达了“突然想到……”的含义,需要用到sth. strikes sb.或sth. occurs to sb.来表示;此处为一般过去时,所以动词要用过去式。故选A项。
完成句子
31、这是一本如此有趣的书,每个学生都喜欢看。
This is ________ every student likes reading.
答案:such an interesting book as
考查as引导的限制性定语从句。此处为关系代词as引导的限制性定语从句,关系代词as引导限制性定语从句的结构有such…as,the same…as,as…as结构中,此时as在从句中作主语、宾语和表语;此处as在句中作宾语;表示“一本有趣的本书”应用an interesting book。故填such an interesting book as。
32、新中国建立前,这个老人遭受了很多苦难。
The old man ________ a lot before New China was founded.
答案:had suffered
考查动词时态。根据中英文提示,空处缺少谓语suffer“遭受”,根据时间状语从句“before New China was founded”使用了一般过去时可知,主句的动作发生在从句之前,表示“过去的过去”发生的动作,用过去完成时,故填had suffered。
33、唐山再次发生了几乎和第一次一样强烈的地震。
Another quake ______________ as strong as the first one shook Tangshan again.
答案:which/that was almost
考查定语从句。根据所给汉语可知,“________ as strong as the first one”是定语从句,修饰Another quake,先行词Another quake在定语从句中作主语,用关系代词which/that引导该定语从句。先行词Another quake是单数,从句谓语动词用单数,根据主句谓语动词shook,可知从句用一般过去时,从句谓语动词是was,“几乎”是almost,故填which/that was almost。
34、我们将学习唐朝时写的一些中国诗歌。
We are going to learn some Chinese poems _______________ in the Tang Dynasty.
答案: that/which were written
考查定语从句。分析句子结构, ① in the Tang Dynasty.是一个定语从句,修饰先行词some Chinese poems ,指物,关系词在定语从句中作主语,用关系代词which或that引导该从句。根据时间状语in the Tang Dynasty可知用一般过去时。Chinese poems与write之间是被动关系,用被动语态。定语从句中主语是复数,从句谓语动词用复数形式。故填that/which were written。
35、知识就是力量。
________ is ________.
答案: Knowledge power
考查名词。首字母大写,表示“知识”应用不可数名词knowledge做主语;表示“力量”应用不可数名词power作表语。故答案为①Knowledge ②power。
36、火山爆发了,整个城市变成废墟。
The volcano erupted, _________ the whole city_________ _________.(用“leave+宾语+宾补”结构)
答案: leaving in ruins
考查非谓语动词和固定短语。根据提示用leave+宾语+宾语补足语结构,表示“使……处于(某种状态)”,根据句意,leave与逻辑主语The volcano是主动关系,用现在分词作结果状语,表示意料之中的结果,in ruins“破败不堪;严重受损”是固定短语,符合题意,介词短语作宾语补足语,解释说明the whole city,故填①leaving②in③ruins。
小提示:
37、工作人员为那些家已被毁的幸存者建造住所。
Workers built shelters for survivors________.
答案:whose homes had been destroyed
考查定语从句和时态。根据句意可知,此处涉及定语从句,先行词为 survivors,作定语从句的定语,关系代词为whose,定语从句为过去完成时的被动语态,主语为homes,谓语为had been destroyed。故填whose homes had been destroyed。
38、The heavy rain completely __________________.
大雨把我们的假期彻底毁了。
答案:ruined our holiday
考查时态。“毁坏”应用ruin,“我们的假期”应用our holiday,作ruin的宾语。结合句意表示发生在过去的事情,要使用一般过去时,故填ruined our holiday。
39、你昨天告诉我的秘密我不会告诉任何人。
I ________ ________ ________ the secret you told me yesterday.
答案: won't tell anyone
考查谓语动词和时态。根据句子分析可知,I为主语,the secret为宾语,you told me yesterday是the secret的定语从句。此空为谓语动词,表示“不会告诉任何人”,用一般将来时,表示以后不会告诉别人,“告诉某人某事”表达为tell sb. sth.,故填won't tell anyone。
小提示:
40、看起来好像我们队要赢得比赛了。
It looks ________ our team is going to win the game.
答案:as if
考查连词。as if表示好像,位于系动词look后,引导表语从句。故填as if。
语法填空
41、All _______ he has in mind is how to gain fame, _______ is quite wrong. (用适当的词填空)
答案: that which
考查定语从句。句意:他所想的就是如何获得名声,这是完全错误的。第一个空引导限制性定语从句,关系代词在从句中作宾语,指代all,不定代词,应用that;第二个空引导非限制性定语从句,关系代词在从句中作主语,指代上文整个句子,应用which,故填that;which。
42、He helplessly watched the wave sweep his cap ________.(用适当的词填空)
答案:away
考查固定短语。句意:他无助地看着海浪把他的帽子卷走。句中sweep sth away为固定短语,意为“把……卷走”。故填away。
43、It is hard to imagine the pain and _______________(suffer) these poor people went through during the winter months. (所给词的适当形式填空)
答案:sufferings
考查名词。句意:很难想象这些可怜的人在冬天经历的痛苦和苦难。作宾语,表示“苦难”应用复数名词sufferings。故填sufferings。
44、On social media sites, people tend to post only positive updates _________ make them appear happy and friendly. (用适当的词填空)
答案:which##that
考查定语从句。句意:在社交媒体网站上,人们倾向于只发布让自己看起来快乐友好的积极消息。分析句子可知,空处引导定语从句,先行词是positive updates,指物,关系词在从句中作主语,可用which或that引导。故填which/that。
45、The professor ________ you wish to see has gone abroad. (用适当的词填空)
答案:that/whom
考查定语从句。句意:你要见的那位教授已经出国了。此处为定语从句修饰先行词professor,且先行词在从句中作宾语,指人,故应用关系代词that或whom引导。故填that/whom。
46、His village __________(flood) in the heavy rain, so he moved to his parents’ house. (所给词的适当形式填空)
答案:had been flooded
考查时态和语态。句意:他的村庄被大雨淹没了,所以他搬到了父母家。分析句子,moved使用过去式形式,为一般过去时,结合语意,“他的村庄被淹没”这一动作发生在“他搬到父母家”之前,为“过去的过去”,所以空处应用过去完成时,且flood与主语his village之间是被动关系,应用过去完成时的被动语态。故填had been flooded。
47、Death finally brought an end to his _________ (suffer).(用所给单词适当形式填空)
答案:suffering
考查名词。句意:死亡最终使他的受苦终结了。设空处前为形容词性物主代词,设空处应用名词。故答案为suffering。
48、Does Kilimanjaro deserve its reputation as a crowded mountain with lines of tourists___________(ruin)the atmosphere of peace?(所给词的正确形式填空)
答案:ruining
考查非谓语动词。句意:乞力马扎罗山真的应该获得游人如织、破坏了其平和氛围的拥挤山脉这一名声吗?此处是with复合结构,tourists与ruin之间是主动关系,用现在分词作宾补。故填ruining。
49、Our life is becoming better and better while in some countries there are still some people___________(suffer)from hunger. (所给词的适当形式填空)
答案:suffering
考查非谓语动词。句意:我们的生活变得越来越好了,然而在一些国家仍然有一些人遭受着饥饿。分析句子可知,此处应用动词非谓语形式作定语,空处与逻辑主语people之间是主动关系,故应用现在分词作定语,故应用suffering。故填suffering。
50、The way ________my cousin told me proved to be the best one to finish the work on ti
展开阅读全文