资源描述
一、语法填空 专题训练(二)
动词变化 (1)
动词是语法填空题的必考内容，动词的主要考点有时态、语态、语气、非谓语动词、主谓一致等。非谓语动词更是考查热点。在本专题中， 我们介绍几个应试技巧，让你在考场上稳操胜券。
◆ 技巧点拨
only后接现在分词或不定式都可表示结果，但only doing是一般用语，only to do则表示意想不到的结果。动词、介词后面要求接名词或动名词做宾语，如果所给动词后有宾语，则将所给动词变为动名词，如果所给动词后无宾语，则将所给动词变为名词。
(1)Jack went swimming in the lake，only ________ (have) great fun with his fellows.
(2)Jack hurried to Tom's home，only ________ (find) Tom was out and the door was locked.
(3)He was good at ________(persuade) others to give up their ideas.
(4)They just stood there and stared at the stranger in ________(amaze)．
句(1)单纯表示结果，用having。
句(2)的结果是Jack意想不到的，用to find。
句(3)的persuade前有介词，后有宾语others，应填入动名词persuading。
句(4)前有介词，后无宾语，应填入名词amazement。
◆ 活学活用
(一)用所给动词的适当形式填空
1．She turned up the driveway，only ________(find) her way blocked.
2．Computers are widely used for ________(explore)，including for ________(explore) space.
3．Her husband died，only________(leave) her debts.
4．The boy grew up day by day，only ________(become) stronger and healthier.
5．Mike went swimming with his classmates，only ________(drown)．
(二)语法填空
阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空，说出第4、6、10题的解题思路。
Once there lived a rich man__1__(want) to do something for the people of his town.But first he wanted to find out whether they deserved his help.
In the centre of the main road into the town，he placed a very large stone.Then he __2__(hide) behind a tree and waited，__3__(watch) what people would do with the stone.Soon an old man came along with his cow.“Who put this stone in the centre of the road？” said the old man without __4__(try) to remove the stone.Instead，with some difficulty he passed around the stone and __5__(continue) on his way.Another man came along and did the same thing；then another came，and another.All of them complained about the stone but not tried to remove it.Full of __6__(disappoint)，the rich man was to go away and give up his idea __7__(help)．Just then，a young man came
along.He saw the stone，__8__(say) to himself：“The night __9__(be) very dark.Some neighbors will come along later in the dark and will fall against the stone.”
Then he began to move the stone.He pushed and pulled with all his strength to move it, only __10__(find) a bag of money under the stone.Imagine how surprised he was!
二、 完形填空
(2010年山东卷)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
It was a cool October evening.Excitement and family members __1__ the hall.I was only a 7yearold girl，but I was the center of __2__.Finally，after weeks of preparation，I would __3__ all my hard work in a dance of performance.Everything would be __4__ —so I thought.I waited backstage all __5__ in my black tights with a golden belt.Then I heard the master of ceremonies __6__ that my class was next.
My dance class was doing a routine on wooden boxes two feet by two feet，facing the __7__.All I had to do in the next move was put one foot on the box next to mine and keep my other foot on my box.It really was an__8__ move.I was concentrating so much keeping the huge smile on my face and holding my head up that I did not look__9__ I was going.I missed my partner's box and __10__.There I was standing on the stage floor when my classmates were on top of their boxes.I could hear giggles(咯咯笑) coming from the audience，but then I remembered my dance teacher had told us，“If you make a mistake，keep smiling so the audience will not __11__.” I did my best to follow her __12__ as I continued with the routine.
When the curtain dropped，so did my __13__ for the evening.I sobbed bitterly，tasting the salt from the tears that streamed down my face.
Recently I realized I had been a __14__ that night.I was __15__，but I finished the routine with a smile on my face.Now when friends and family laugh about the time I slipped during a dance performance，I can laugh too.
1．A.filled B．visited
C．attended D．decorated
2．A.pressure B．impression
C．debate D．attention
3．A.take over B．show off
C．look after D．give up
4．A.reasonable B．suitable
C．obvious D．perfect
5．A.dressed up B．folded up
C．covered up D．mixed up
6．A.suggested B．explained
C．announced D．predicted
7．A.music B．audience
C．curtain D．stage
8．A.easy B．active
C．adventurous D．extra
9．A.why B．whether
C．where D．what
10．A.wandered B．slipped
C．waved D．skipped
11．A.leave B．cheer
C．believe D．notice
12．A.gesture B．example
C．advice D．plan
13．A.doubts B．hopes
C．voice D．patience
14．A.star B．pioneer
C．loser D．fool
15．A.satisfied B．moved
C．embarrassed D．confused
三、阅读理解 专题训练(一)
阅读中的猜词技巧(6)
根据生活经验常识和逻辑推理推测词义
◆ 方法点拨
有时候，逻辑推理和自身的生活经验及普通常识能帮助我们确定词义。如：
例1：The snake slithered through the grass.
根据有关蛇的生活习性和知识，我们可以推出slither的词义为“爬行”。
例2：Fishes live in water and have fins which help them to swim.Most fishes have slimy skins covered with scales，but in fishes such as eels the scales are very small and can hardly be seen.
凭常识我们不难猜出fins，slimy和scales的确切意思分别是“鳍”、“滑溜的”和“鳞”，对于eels一词，我们只需知道是fish的一种(鳝鱼类)就行了。
例3：Not wanting to disturb the sleeping kitten，I gingerly lifted her from the box and put her on a blanket near the heater.
根据前半句的Not wanting to disturb(不愿打扰)，我们便可大致推测出gingerly一词的含义：“小心翼翼地”。
◆ 活学活用
(一)根据上述技巧，猜测下列划线词的词义
1．The man walked briskly_to keep warm on the very cold night.
2．The door was so low that I hit my head on the lintel.
3．When a doctor performs an operation on a patient，he usually gives an anaesthetic to make him unconscious，because he does not want his patient to feel pain or to know what is happening to him.
4．If you are capable of working twelve hours a day without a rest，and if you can engage in physical exercise for hours without seeming to get tired，then you are indefatigable.
5．Thousands of people got stuck in lifts.But no one panicked，we passed the time telling stories.
(二)阅读下列短文，按要求完成读写任务
(2009年全国卷Ⅱ)I know you're thinking：Pizza(比萨饼)？For breakfast？But the truth is that you can have last night's leftover in the a．m.if you want to.
I know lots of women who skip breakfast (不吃早餐)，and they have a ton of different excuses for doing it.Some say they don't have time，others think they are saving calories(卡路里)，still others just don't like breakfast food.
But the bottom line is that eating in the morning is very important when you are trying to lose weight.“Eating just
about anything from 300 to 400 calories would be better than nothing at all”，says Katherine Brooking，R.D，who developed the super easy eating plan for this year's SELFCHALLENGE.” And even pizza can be healthy if it's loaded with vegetables，and you stick to one small piece.
Breakfast is one meal I never miss，and the same goes for most weight loss success stories.Research shows that eating breakfast keeps you from overeating late in the day.Researchers_at_the_University_of_Southern_California_found_that_breakfast_skippers_have_a_bigger_chance_of_gaining_weight_than_those_who_regularly_have_a_morning_meal.
So eat something in the morning，anything.I know plenty of friends who end up having no breakfast altogether，and have just coffee or orange juice.I say，try heating up last night's leftovers——it may sound crazy，but if it works for you，do it！I find if I tell myself，“You can always eat it tomorrow，” I put
away the leftovers instead of eating more that night.Try it，you may save yourself some prebedtime calories.And watch your body gain the fatburning effects!
Ⅰ.根据题文字一篇30词左右的摘要
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
Ⅱ.根据所读短文选择最佳答案
1．The word “leftovers” in Paragraph 1 probably means________________________________________________________________________.
A．food remaining after a meal
B．things left undone
C．meals made of vegetables
D．pizza topped with fruit
2．What can we infer from the passage?
A．Working women usually have breakfast in a hurry.
B．Many people have wrong ideas about breakfast.
C．There are some easy ways of cooking a meal.
D．Eating vegetables helps save energy.
3.According to the last paragraph，it is important to ________.
A．eat something for breakfast
B．be careful about what you eat
C．heat up food before eating it
D．eat caloriecontrolled food
4.The text is written mainly for those________.
A．who go to work early
B．who want to lose weight
C．who stay up late
D．who eat before sleep
5.What does the underlined sentence mean?
A．Skipping breakfast is helpful if you want to lose weight.
B．Eating breakfast will make you fatter.
C．Eating breakfast can help lose weight.
D．You can't lose weight without breakfast.
参考答案
(一)
1．to find 2.exploration；exploring
3．leaving 4.becoming 5.to be drowned
(二)
1．解析：现在分词做定语。
答案：wanting
2．解析：与后面的waited一起充当并列谓语。
答案：hid
3．解析：现在分词作伴随状语。
答案：watching
4．解析：前有介词without，后有宾语to remove，应填入动名词。
答案：trying
5．continued
6．解析：前有介词of ，后无宾语，应填入名词。
答案：disappointment
7．to help 8.saying 9.will be
10．解析：only接不定式表示意想不到的结果，年轻人没想到巨石底下有一袋钱。
答案：to find
二、
1．解析：我的家人在大厅等待，兴奋充斥着大厅。
答案：A
2．解析：经过数周的准备，我终于要在一个舞蹈节目中展现我努力训练的结果， 我成了大家注视的中心。
答案：D
3．解析：take over: 接管；show off: 展现；look after: 照顾；give up: 放弃。结合上下文，这里应是B。请参看2题解释。
答案：B
4．解析：我以为一切都会非常 “完美”。
答案：D
5．解析：dress up 的意思是“化装， 打扮，装扮”。
答案：A
6．解析：announced意为“宣布”。
答案：C
7．解析：facing the audience：面向观众。
答案：B
8．解析：an easy move: 一个容易的动作。
答案：A
9．解析：我太注意保持脸部表情(笑)以至没注意方向。
答案：C
10．解析：我的脚滑了一下。
答案：B
11．解析：老师曾告诉我们，做错了动作，要保持微笑，这样观众就不会“注意到”我们的错误。
答案：D
12．解析：follow her advice：照老师的话去做。
答案：C
13．解析：随着幕布落下，我的希望也成泡影。
答案：B
14．解析：最近我认识到，我是那天晚上的明星。
答案：A
15．解析：我虽然尴尬，但我却把节目演完了。
答案：C
三、
(一)
1．解析：这个句子的时间状语为一个寒冷的夜晚，所做的动作为走动(walked)，目的是保暖(to keep warm)，因此凭借我们平时的生活经验得知，人只有在快步走时才会暖和。因此即使推测不出单词briskly的确切意思，也可以知道它有“快速活动”的意思。
答案：快速地
2．解析：本句前半句的意思是门太矮了。根据生活经验，不小心会很容易撞到上面的门框，因此推测lintel为“门框”之意。
答案：门框
3．解析：根据直接或间接的经验，一般具有一点医学常识的人都知道医生在给病人动手术之前，为了减轻病人的痛苦，往往给病人注射麻醉剂使病人失去知觉后再动手术。根据这一常识，通过上下文就能比较准确地确定“anaesthetic”一词的意思应该是“麻醉剂”。
答案：麻醉剂
4．解析：根据上下文分析，如果一个人能连续工作12个小时，能进行体育锻炼数小时而不知疲倦，那么，我们就可以作出符合逻辑的推断，这个人一定是一个“不知疲倦的”人。将这个词义代入原句中，很合乎逻辑，那么这种推理很可能是正确的。
答案：不知疲倦的
5．解析：被困在电梯里，一般都会觉得“恐慌、害怕”。
答案：恐慌，害怕
(二)
Ⅰ
Many people skip breakfast in order to lose weight，but they may overeat late in the day.So eating breakfast is important.
Ⅱ
1．解析：根据生活常识可知此处指吃“前天晚上的剩饭”。
答案：A
2．解析：第二段分析人们不吃早餐的理由。
答案：B
3．解析：第三段第一句和最后一段都告诉人们吃早餐很重要。
答案：A
4．解析：本文指出不吃早餐不仅不能减肥，反而会增加体重，由此可知本文对不吃早餐的减肥者提出警示和忠告。
答案：B
5．C
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