2022-2023年高中英语知识总结例题.docx

2022-2023年高中英语知识总结例题1单选题(经典例题高频考点-名师出品必属精品)1、Max is hardworking, cheerful, and _ honest.Aabove allBafter allCat allDall in all答案：A解析：考查固定短语辨析。句意：马克斯工作努力，性格开朗，最重要的是诚实。A. above all首先，尤其是，最重要的；B. after all毕竟；C. at all究竟；D. all in all总而言之。由语意可知，诚实是最重要的。故选A 项。2、The pet dog in your hand is very nice. Is it _?Yes, but Ill give it to my friend Lucy as _ birthday present.Ayours; hersByour; herCyours; herDyou; her答案：C解析：考查代词。你手里的宠物狗很漂亮，是你的吗？是的，但是我将把它送给我的朋友卢西作为她的生日礼物。第一空填名词性物主代词yours，意为“你的狗”，作表语；第二空填形容词性物主代词her，意为“她的”，作定语修饰birthday present，故选C3、Her health _ under the pressure of work.Aput downBpicked upCbroke downDbrought up答案：C解析：考查动词短语词义辨析和时态。句意：她的健康在工作的压力下垮掉了。A. put down放下；B. picked up捡起；C. broke down衰弱，垮掉；D. brought up抚养，养大。根据句中“under the pressure of work”可知，在工作的压力下，她的健康垮掉了，“break down”意为“（健康、体力、精神、情感等的）衰弱，垮掉”，符合句意，句子陈述的是过去发生的事，应用一般过去时，“broke”为“break”的过去式。故选C项。4、The boy followed the nobleman here,_.Aa sword in handBa sword in his handCbeing a sword in handDsword in hand答案：D解析：考查独立主格结构。句意：这个男孩跟着一个贵族来到这里，手里拿着剑。此处为独立主格作伴随状语，结构为“名词+介词短语”，名词前不加冠词或代词，sword in hand相当于with a sword in hand。故选D。5、The number of people who own a car _ in the past 10 years.AincreasesBhas increasedCincreasedDhave increased答案：B解析：考查时态。句意：在过去的10年里，拥有汽车的人数有所增加。根据后文in the past 10 years可知应用现在完成时，主语为The number of people ，助动词用has。故选B。6、Ive read many stories of Lei Feng, _ this is the most touching one.AwhoBof whichCof whomDthat答案：B解析：考查定语从句。句意：我读过许多关于雷锋的故事，其中这是最感人的一个。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导非限制性定语从句，从句中不缺主语或宾语，由后面的“this is the most touching one”可知，句子表示“在那些雷锋的故事中这是最感人的一个”，因此空格处用表示“范围”的介词of+关系代词来引导定语从句，先行词stories是物，因此空格处是of which。故选B。7、_ your mistakes and treat them as chances to improve yourself.AReceiveBAcceptCAvoidDKeep答案：B解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：接受自己的错误，把它们当作提升自己的机会。A. Receive收到；B. Accept接受；C. Avoid避免；D. Keep保持。根据空后“your mistakes and treat them as chances”及常识可知，此处指接受自己的错误，并把它们当作机会。故选B。8、One of the requirements for a fire is that the material _ to its burning temperature.Ais heatedBbe heatedCwould be heatedDdo heat答案：B解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：着火的要求之一是将材料加热到燃烧温度。A. is heated被加热；B. be heated被加热；C. would be heated将被加热；D. do heat的确加热。句中requirement表示“要求”，后接表语从句时，从句应用虚拟语气，即从句谓语使用“should+动词原形”，其中should可以省略，heat与主语the material之间是被动关系，应用被动语态(should) be heated。故选B项。9、It is thirty years _ we last met.But I still remember the story _we got lost on a rainy night.Awhen; thatBwhen;whichCsince; thatDsince;which答案：C解析：考查固定句型和同位语从句。句意：我们已经三十年没见面了。但我仍然记得我们在一个雨夜迷路的故事。第一空，句型it be+一段时间+since，表示“自从已经多久”；第二空同位语从句说明story的内容，从句不缺少成分，句意完整，应用只起连接作用、无实意的that引导。故选C。10、How come you are late for class again？_.ABecause I missed the busBBy bus and then on footCPlease excuse meDIts quite wrong答案：A解析：考查情景交际用语。句意：你怎么上课又迟到了? 因为我错过了公共汽车。A. Because I missed the bus因为我错过了公共汽车；B. By bus and then on foot乘公共汽车，然后步行；C. Please excuse me打扰一下；D. Its quite wrong这是非常错误的。“How come.?”意为“为什么？”，问原因，所以答语选择“Because I missed the bus”，解释原因。故选A项。11、The military training on the school field caused much noise, _ it difficult for some students to get focused on their study.AmadeBto makeCmakingDhaving made答案：C解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：军训在学校操场上引起了很大的噪音，使一些学生很难集中精力学习。分析句子可知，这里用非谓语动词表示结果状语。现在分词作结果状语，表示一种必然性的结果或自然而然所带来的结果；不定式作结果状语，往往表示意想不到的结果。根据常识可知，此处表示一种必然性的结果或自然而然所带来的结果。故选C。12、_in the scandal, according to a recent report, is believed_the prime reason for the young senator to give up his political career.AInvolved to have beenBBeing involved to beCInvolving to beDTo be involved to have been答案：B解析：考查句子结构和短语。句意：根据最近报道，卷入丑闻被认为是这位年轻参议员放弃政治生涯的主要原因。短语be involved in表示“卷入”，分析句子结构可知，第一空需填入非谓语动词形式作主语，因而用动名词形式；believed后接to do +名词作主语补足语，因此第二空需填to be。故选B。小提示：13、The young girl sitting next to me on the plane was very nervous. She _ before.Ahasnt flownBdidnt flyChadnt flownDwasnt flying答案：C解析：考查过去完成时。句意：在飞机上坐在我旁边的年轻女孩很紧张。她以前没有坐过飞机。分析句子可知，前一句用的是一般过去时，空处所表示的动作发生在前一句之前，即发生在过去的过去，应用过去完成时。故选C项。14、The driver _ on the phone when the car hit the tree.AtalksBis talkingCtalkedDwas talking答案：D解析：考查时态。句意：汽车撞到树上时，司机正在打电话。根据下文“when the car hit the tree”可知，车撞到树上时，司机正在打电话。所以使用句型sb was/were doing when (某人正在做某事这时)，即空处要使用过去进行时。故选D。15、_ lack of experience with a task of that scale, she was far from being a failure.AExcept forBAlthoughCDespiteDEven though答案：C解析：考查介词（短语）和连词（短语）。句意：尽管她对这么大规模的任务缺乏经验，但她绝不是一个失败者。A. Except for除之外（介词短语）；B. Although尽管（连词）；C. Despite尽管（介词）；D. Even though尽管，即使（连词短语）。根据名词lack可知，前用介词（短语）。再根据“she was far from being a failure.”可知，前后为转折关系。故选C。16、Most notable of these is Chinas discovery of an ice-like substance, _ as “fire ice”, under the South China Sea.AknowingBto be knownChaving knownDknown答案：D解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：其中最引人注目的是中国在南中国海海底发现了一种被称为“可燃冰”的冰状物质。_ as “fire ice”是定语，修饰an ice-like substance， an ice-like substance和know之间是被动关系。再结合固定搭配be known as(被称为；被认为是)可知，此处应该用过去分词作定语。故选D。 17、The selection process in the job market is based on standard tests of _ and experience.AconceptBcrewCcompetenceDcruelty答案：C解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：就业市场上的选择过程是基于标准能力测试和经验。A. concept概念，定义； B. crew全体船员，全体机组人员；C. competence能力；D. cruelty残忍，残酷。根据语意以及下文“experience”可知，就业市场的选择标准是依据求职人的能力和经验。故选C项。18、He was about to set off_it rained.Athe momentBwhenCwhileDas答案：B解析：考查固定句型和连词。句意：他刚要出发，天就下雨了。be about to do.when.是固定句型，意为“正要做这时”，空格处用并列连词when，故选B。19、When will the government _ its position on equal pay for women?AclarifyBtestCstrengthenDannounce答案：A解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：政府什么时候会澄清它在女性同工同酬问题上的立场？A. clarify澄清；B. test测试；C. strengthen加强，巩固；D. announce宣布。根据后文“its position on equal pay for women”可知，此处指澄清在女性同工同酬问题上的立场，应用clarify。故选A。20、A real friend is someone_walks in when the rest of the world walks out.AwhenBwhichCwhomDwho答案：D解析：考查定语从句。句意：真正的朋友会在整个世界都离你远去的时候，仍然与你并肩。设空处引导定语从句，且在句中作指人的主语，先行词为someone，应用who。故选D。21、If _to look after luggage for someone else, inform the police at once.AaskBaskingCaskedDto ask答案：C解析：考查状语从句的省略。句意：如果有人要你照看一下行李，立即报警。主句inform the police at once是祈使句，隐含的主语是you；If引导的状语从句主语和主句主语一致，ask和主语you之间是被动关系，完整形式是If you are asked to look after luggage for someone else，状语从句含有be动词且主从句主语一致，可省略从句主语和be动词 。故选C项。22、In playing basketball, Yao Ming has an advantage _ others.AwithBforCoverDon答案：C解析：考查介词词义辨析。句意：在打篮球方面，姚明比其他人有优势。A. with和；同；B. for对于；C. over多于；D. on在上。短语have an advantage over表示“有优势；胜过”，符合句意。故选C。23、_ is becoming more and more important for us to master the skills of computers.AItBThatCThisDWhat答案：A解析：考查it作形式主语。句意：对我们来说，掌握计算机技能变得越来越重要。It is important for sb. to do sth.做某事对某人来说是，固定句型，此处it作形式主语，真正的主语是动词不定式短语。故选A。24、On every single move you have to analyze a situation, process what your opponent is doing and evaluate the best move_all your options.Asince beforeBfrom amongCexcept forDuntil after答案：B解析：考查介词短语。句意：在每一步中，你都必须分析形式，分析对手在做什么，并从所有选择中评估最佳一步。分析句子可知，名词复数前的介词可使用among，表示“在.之中”。since before意为“从.之前”；from among意为“从.当中”；except for意为“除.之外”；until after意为“直到”。故选B。小提示：25、You dont look well, you _ see a doctor.Aought toBmayCcanDmight答案：A解析：考查情态动词。句意：你脸色不太好，应该去看医生。A. ought to应该；B. may可以；C. can能够；D. might也许。根据“You dont look well,”可知，这里表示建议或劝告，脸色不好应该去看医生。故选A。根据首字母填写单词(经典例题高频考点-名师出品必属精品)26、Success is not final and f_ is not fatal; what matters most is the courage to continue. （根据首字母单词拼写）答案：failure#ailure解析：考查名词。句意：成功不是终点，失败也不是末日；最重要的是要有继续的勇气。由“what matters most is the courage to continue”可知，句子表示“成功不是终点，失败也不是末日；最重要的是要有继续的勇气”，空格处意为“失败”，由首字母提示f可知，是failure，是不可数名词，故填failure。27、C_ with his classmate Jim, Tom is better in English (根据首字母单词拼写)答案：ompared#Compared解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：与他的同学吉姆相比，汤姆的英语更好。根据单词首字母以及句意“（与）相比”以及下文介词with ，固定搭配compare.with“与相比”为动词短语，分析句子可知，句子的系动词是is，动词短语compare with与其逻辑主语Tom是被动关系，应用过去分词作状语。故填Compared。28、There were v_ reasons why he decided to leave school. (根据首字母单词拼写)答案：various#arious解析：考查形容词。句意：他决定离开学校有各种各样的原因。根据单词首字母以及句意“各种各样的”可知应填形容词various，作定语修饰reasons。故填various。29、I am c_ to admire the mountains from below.答案：content#ontent解析：考查形容词。句意：我很满足于从下面欣赏山。空处应填形容词作表语，结合句意及首字母提示可知，content满意的，故填content。30、He p_ me to buy the house and now Im very glad he did. （根据首字母单词拼写）答案：persuaded#ersuaded解析：考查动词。句意：他劝我买这套房子，现在我很高兴那时他让我买。空处为句子谓语动词，根据句意和首字母提示可知，动词persuade“劝说”符合题意，persuade sb. to do sth.“劝说某人做某事”，结合语境和下文did判断此处陈述过去的事情，用一般过去时。故填persuaded。31、Throughout the match, the o_ team could not stop him. He ran, he passed, blocked, and tackled like a star. (根据首字母单词拼写)答案：opposite#pposite解析：考查形容词。句意：整场比赛，对方队都没能阻止他。他像一个明星一样跑动、传球、拦网、抢断。空格处用形容词作定语，修饰名词team，由“He ran, he passed, blocked, and tackled like a star”可知，对方队没能阻止他，空格处意为“相反的，对面的”，由首字母提示o可知，是opposite。故填opposite。32、He apologized to her and hoped she could f_ him for being rude. （根据首字母单词拼写）答案：forgive#orgive解析：考查动词。句意：他向她道歉，希望她能原谅他的粗鲁。根据句意“原谅”和首字母提示“f”可知，此处为动词forgive，位于情态动词could后面需用动词原形。故填forgive。33、After moving into the beautiful house, she often e_ her friends at weekends.答案：entertained#ntertained解析：考查时态。句意：搬进这所漂亮的房子后，她经常在周末招待朋友。由“her friends at weekends”可知，她在周末招待朋友，由首字母提示e可知，“招待”是entertain，由“After moving into the beautiful house”可知，句子描述过去的事情，时态用一般过去时，空格处用过去式entertained，故填entertained。34、Too many users led to the c_ of the system. (根据首字母单词拼写)答案：crash#rash解析：考查名词。句意：过多的用户导致系统崩溃。根据句意及首字母提示，可知为crash；设空处作介词的宾语，应用名词的形式，根据“of the system（系统）”，此处为特指，应用名词单数的形式。故填crash。35、The career you have defines your life, and so taking time to think about it is an e_ exercise for young people.(根据首字母单词拼写)答案：essential#ssential解析：考查形容词。句意：你的职业生涯定义了你的人生，所以花时间思考它对年轻人来说是一项必要的锻炼。根据句意及首字母提示可知，此处使用形容词essential，修饰名词exercise，作定语。故填essential。36、Many people went on strike for e_ rights for black Americans. (根据首字母单词拼写)答案：equal#qual解析：考查形容词。句意：许多人为争取美国黑人的平等权利而罢工。根据单词首字母以及句意“平等”可知，空格处应用“equal”，意为“平等的”，形容词词性，在句中作定语，修饰“rights”。故填equal。37、Furthermore, the production of knowledge is b_ to grow rapidly. (根据首字母单词拼写)答案：bound#ound解析：考查形容词。句意：此外，知识的生产势必迅速增长。结合首字母提示和句意可知，形容词bound“必然的，肯定的”符合题意，be bound to“必然做某事”。故填bound。38、One of the advantages of online teaching is that it can provide students with instant feedback, including reports about their s_ and weaknesses. （根据首字母单词拼写）答案：strengths#trengths解析：考查名词。句意：在线教学的优点之一是，它可以为学生提供即时反馈，包括他们优缺点的报告。根据句意以及首字母提示，空处应用名词strength，表示“优点”，应用名词的复数形式strengths与weaknesses并列，作介词about的宾语。故填strengths。39、She called the station to i_ about the train times. （根据首字母单词拼写）答案：inquire#nquire解析：考查动词和动词不定式。句意：她给车站打电话询问火车时刻。根据“about the train times”和首字母i可知，此处是指询问火车时刻，所以应用动词inquire表示“询问”。给车站打电话的目的是询问火车时刻，所以应用to do不定式作目的状语。故填inquire。40、He has had a quantity of different jobs, r_ from bank clerk to instructor. （根据首字母单词拼写）答案：ranging#anging解析：考查现在分词。句意：他做过许多不同的工作，从银行职员到教师。由“a quantity of different jobs”可知，句子表示“他做过许多不同的工作，从银行职员到教师”，由首字母提示r可知，“（在到内）变动”是固定短语range from.to.，has是谓语，空格处是非谓语动词，jobs和range之间是主谓关系，因此空格处用现在分词表主动，故填ranging。41、She watched the bus until it completely d_ from view.（根据首字母单词拼写）答案：disappeared#isappeared解析：考查动词。句意：他看着公共汽车，直到它完全从视野中消失。根据主句时态可知，用一般过去时。结合首字母提示及句意，故填disappeared。42、Such violent and inhuman behavior will not be i _in our country. (根据首字母单词拼写)答案：ignored#gnored解析：考查语态。句意：这种暴力和不人道的行为在我们国家是不会被忽视的。根据句意及首字母提示，可知为ignore，设空处在句中作谓语，和句子的主语 behavior之间是被动关系，结合空前的will，可知句子的时态为一般将来时，故设空处为一般将来时的被动语态（will be done）。故填ignored。43、The meaning of flowers varies from culture to culture, but the rose is universally recognized as a s_ of love. （根据首字母单词拼写）答案：symbol#ymbol解析：考查名词。句意：花的含义因文化而不同，但是玫瑰被普遍认为是爱情的象征。根据句意和首字母提示可知，应填入名词symbol作宾语，结合空格前冠词a可知，应用单数名词。故填symbol。44、A former UN o_ once said, “Saving our planet, lifting people out of poverty, advancing economic growth.”（根据首字母单词拼写）答案：official#fficial解析：考查名词。句意：一位前联合国官员曾说：“拯救我们的星球，帮助人们摆脱贫困，促进经济增长”根据单词首字母以及句意“官员”可知，应填名词official，作主语，不定冠词提示，用单数形式。故填official。45、By doing self-assessment, you can learn more about yourself what type of learner you are and where your s_ and weaknesses lie.答案：strengths#trengths解析：考查名词。句意：通过做自我评估，你可以对自己有更多的了解你是哪种类型的学习者，你的优缺点在哪里。 根据空格前your，可知此处要填名词；根据句意，此处意指“优势”，与weaknesses形成对比，并且要保持形式相同，用复数，故填strengths。书信写作(经典例题高频考点-名师出品必属精品)46、假定你是上栗中学机器人设计团队的一员,将带着你们团队发明的机器人Jeffrey参加国际中学生机器人大赛。请你用英语为Jeffrey写一篇大赛上介绍自己的演讲稿.内容包括:(1)设计者; (2)外观; (3)功能。词数100左右。格式已给出Dear fellow students,_Thanks for your listening!答案：Hi, Im Jeffrey, a family robot invented by a design team from Shangli High School. As you can see, I have two strong arms and flexible fingers , which is bound to help me perform many household duties.As for my functions, first of all, I can help deal with most housework, including washing, mopping and cooking. In addition, Im programmed to accompany the elderly or patients and to read stories for babies. How easier and more satisfying life will be if every family has a household robot like me! Thanks for listening !解析：【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。现机器人Jeffrey将参加国际中学生机器人大赛，要求考生为Jeffrey写一篇大赛上介绍自己的演讲稿，介绍内容包括Jeffrey的设计者、外观以及功能。(1)词汇积累强壮的：strong robust 帮助：help assist 处理：deal with handle 拥有：have possess (2)句式拓展简单句变复合句原句：Hi, Im Jeffrey, a family robot invented by a design team from Shangli High School.拓展句：Hi, Im Jeffrey, a family robot which was invented by a design team from Shangli High School.小提示：高分句型1As you can see, I have two strong arms and flexible fingers , which is bound to help me perform many household duties.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句）高分句型2How easier and more satisfying life will be if every family has a household robot like me!（运用了how引导的感叹句）47、假定你是李华，报名参加了学校以 “Be Sporty, Be Healthy”为主题的演讲比赛。请你写一份英文演讲稿。内容包括：(1)问题：因为学习紧张，疏于活动；(2)建议：要合理安排，正常锻炼。注意：(1)写作词数应为80词左右；(2)可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；(3)开头结尾已给出，不计入总词数。Be Sporty, Be HealthyHello, everyone!_Thats all. Thank you.答案：Be Sporty, Be HealthyNow a common problem among students is tha