山东省胶州市2014高考英语文章阅读类训练(11).doc

胶州市2014高考英语文章阅读类训练（11）及答案或解析

阅读理解
Brian knew he had been drinking more and more, but he was convinced that he'd return to more moderate drinking when he wasn't so pressured at work, and that "a few too many drinks now and then" wasn't a major problem.
"My wife and father were on me to stop drinking, but you know how critical and protective family can be," said Brian. "So I blew them off."
It wasn't until his friend Jack spoke up that Brian started to think differently. "That really hit home, because I wouldn't expect a friend to confront me with something that personal unless it was very important," said Brian. "Jack said he was really concerned about me. He pointed out that my personality changed after I had a few beers--that I became belligerent(寻衅的). For a normally easy-going guy, that was a dramatic change in behavior."
Jack could see that Brian's numerous drinking binges(放纵) were causing problems. Brian was frequently calling into work sick and falling behind in his work, and his marriage was seriously on the ropes. Brian was teetering on the edge of disaster. "I didn't want to see a good life and a good friendship ruined," said Jack, "so I approached Brian, shared my honest observations with him, and suggested that he seek help."
After a couple days of soul searching, though still reluctant, Brian took Jack's suggestion and was assessed by an addiction professional. The expert recommended that Brian check into a treatment center, and one day later Brian did so.
Many people fear taking the path that Jack took. Speaking up to a friend who may have a problem with alcohol or other drugs can be a tricky undertaking.
Yet it's true that a concerned friend can do a lot. Most people don't recognize they have a substance abuse problem and most don't seek help for a problem until someone close to them intervenes(干预).
1. What happened to Brian according to the passage?
A. He suffered from an illness called alcohol addiction.
B. He changed so much that he was deserted by his family.
C. He became morally corrupted drinking too much all day.
D. He drank a little more than normal to escape the pressure.
2. What does “that” in the 3rd paragraph refer to?
A. Brian’s drinking binges. B. Jack’s talk with Brian.
C. Wife and father’s intervention. D. Brian’s different thoughts.
3. Brian could accept Jack’s suggestions mainly because ____________.
A. he found his friend was very critical and protective
B. Jack’s suggestions were professional and persuasive
C. Jack and Brian’s family had different opinions
D. he knew his friend wouldn’t easily intervene his personal affair
4. Brian’s alcohol abuse brought him many problems EXCEPT ____________.
A. his refusal to listen to his family B. his bad temper and aggressiveness
C. his failure to do his work well D. his marriage problems
5. The writer narrates Brian’s story in order to ____________.
A. tell us the bad results of alcohol addiction
B. warn us not to fall into the habit of drinking
C. show friends have real power to intervene
D. prove a friend in need is a friend indeed

参考答案 1---5 A B D A C
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（201*·江西卷）
The garden city was largely the invention of Ebenezer Howard (1850-1928). After immigrating form England to the USA, and an unsuccessful attempt to make a living as a farmer, he moved to Chicago, where he saw the reconstruction of the city after the disastrous fire of 1871. In those days, it was nicknamed “the Garden City”, almost certainly the source of Howard’s name for his later building plan of towns. Returning to London, Howard developed his design in the 1880s and 1890s, drawing on ideas that were popular at the time, but creating a unique combination of designs.
The nineteenth-century poor city was in many ways a terrible place, dirty and crowded; but it offered economic and social opportunities. At the same time, the British countryside was in fact equally unattractive: though it promised fresh air and nature, it suffered from agricultural depression(萧条) and it offered neither enough work and wages, nor much social life. Howard’s idea was to combine the best of town and country in a new kind of settlement, the garden city. Howard’s idea was that a group of people should set up a company, borrowing money to establish a garden city in the depressed countryside; far enough from existing cities to make sure that the land was bought at the bottom price.
Garden cities would provide a central public open space, radial avenues and connecting industries. They would be surrounded by a much larger area of green belt, also owned by the company, containing not merely farms but also some industrial institutions. As more and more people moved in, the garden city would reach its planned limit-Howard suggested 32,000 people; then, another would be started a short distance away. Thus, over time, there would develop a vast planned house collection, extending almost without limit; within it, each garden city would offer a wide rang of jobs and services, but each would also be connected to the others by a rapid transportation system, thus giving all the economic and social opportunities of a big city.
66. How did Howard get the name for his building plan of garden cities?
A. Through his observation of the country life.
B. Through the combination of different ideas.
C. By taking other people’s advice.
D. By using the nickname of the reconstructed Chicago.
67. The underlined phrase“drawing on ”in Paragraph 1 probably means______.
A. making use of B. making comments on
C. giving an explanation of D. giving a description of
68. According to Howard, garden cities should be built______.
A. as far as possible from existing cities
B. in the countryside where the land was cheap
C. in the countryside where agriculture was developed
D. near cities where employment opportunities already existed
69. What can we learn about garden cities from the last paragraph?
A. Their number would continue to rise
B. Each one would continue to become larger
C. People would live and work in the same place
D. Each one would contain a certain type of business
70. What could be the best title for the passage?
A. City and Countryside B. The Invention of the Garden City
C.A New City in Chicago D. A Famous Garden City in England
66题：
答案：D
考点：细节理解题
解析：通过文章第一段的第三句得出：芝加哥的花园城市几乎成为了Howard 后来命名的来源。选项选择D, 选项A,B,C未体现

67题
答案：A
考点：词义理解题
解析：通过文章第一段叙述可知Howard在到达芝加哥后有了创建“花园城市“的灵感，回到伦敦后，他运用当时所流行的观点把各种设计进行了结合，形成了他自己的独特设计。选项选择A

68题
答案：B
考点：细节理解题
解析：根据文章第二段的最后一句话可知：要远离现有的城市带以保证土地可以以最低的价位买到。解题关键在：to make sure 表示目的是，重点在后面。Bottom price 指最低价格，对应文章选项的土地便宜。答案选择B. 选项A,C,D 都不是建造花园城市的关键要求。

69题
答案：A
考点：细节理解题
解析：根据文章第三句可知：当越来越多的人搬入花园城市，花园城市就会达到它的预期极限，然后，在不远的地方又会建造另外一个花园城市。答案选择:A. 
选项B, 每一个花园城市并不会一直扩大，到了一定程度，就会到达极限，另一个花园城市会再建造起来，该选项错误
选项C. 不同的花园城市建造起来，人们不会在同一个地点生活和上班。该选项错误
选项D 每一个花园城市都有带有农业和一些工业企业，并不只带有一种特定的经济。从最后一段的第二句可以得出该选项错误。
70题
答案：B
考点：主旨大意题
解析：从文章通篇可知，文章讲到的是由芝加哥花园城市的建立到伦敦花园城市的建立，再到文章二段，三段讲到的花园城市建立需要的一些条件和建立的模式可知道文章重点是围绕花园城市的创立来展开的。A选项与文章本身不符合，C选项芝加哥新城只是文章开头的引入，后面通篇围绕的都是花园城市展开，与文章本身不符合，D选项的英格兰花园城市只是花园城市的一个典型代表，选项并没有进行通篇描述这一个花园城市，而是转入花园城市的总体建立条件和模式展开。故答案选择B.
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高考链接 （2012四川卷）
Here is your best chance to travel around the UK in 2012: More than 200 B&Bs ( bed & breakfast) across England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland are selected to offer you amazing services for your stay at their lowest prices! Don't miss it. Just collect the vouchers(活动券) in our B&B Daily printed from 01/04/2012 to 07/04/2012 and book the stays for your travel following the terms and conditions below:
• The offer includes a room for the night and a breakfast the next morning.
• The offer is of two kinds; £20 per room, per night, valid(有效期) during stay period of 02/04/2012 — 31/05/2012 and then again 01/09/2012 — 31/10/2012; £35 per room, per night, valid during stay period of 01/06/2012 —31/08/2012.
• The offer is valid for a basic twin or double room only.
• The slay must be booked directly with the chosen B&Bs before 28/04/2012.
• Each voucher can only be used by the bolder to book one room for one night
• If voucher holders book either the £20 or £35 per room per night, any additional services such as lunch, evening meal or activities may require an extra charge. But these are not required in order to take up the offer. Please check directly with your chosen B&Bs to see what extra services are available.
• Vouchers must be presented on arrival. If no vouchers are presented, the B&Bs may reserve (保留) the right to charge at full price for every night of stay.
• Vouchers may not be used together with any other offer.
• The voucher holders must pay for the slay in full at the time of booking. Additional £ 10 may be paid to confirm(确认) the booking and will be returned on arrival.
• The B&Bs reserve the right to refuse voucher holders' bookings for people under the age of 18.
45. The voucher can be used for a slay al the chosen B&B on .
A. 09/01/2012 B. 04/02/2012 C. 01/03/2012 D. 28/04/2012
46. How much should be paid for a two-night stay in October 2012 at a chosen B&B?
A. £70. B. £40. C. £35. D. £30.
47. What right do the B&Bs reserve?
A. To charge extra £10 for bookings with no vouchers.
B. To refuse bookings for guests under the age of 18.
C. To charge at full price for stays not confirmed.
D. To request extra charges as tips.
48. By taking up the offer, the voucher holders can choose to .
A. book either a basic twin or double room at the chosen B&Bs
B. have lunch or evening meal without paying extra money
C. use the B&B offer together with other offers
D. book the stays through B&B Daily
47.【答案】B
【试题解析】细节理解题。根据文章最后一句The B&Bs reserve the right to refuse voucher holders' bookings for people under the age of 18.可知答案B符合文意。
48.【答案】A
【试题解析】细节理解题。根据文章所列条款的第三条和第六条可知答案Ａ符合文意。
【难度】一般
【长难句解析】Please check directly with your chosen B&Bs to see what extra services are available.请直接在已选择的B&Bs店里进行核对，看有什么额外的服务提供。What引导宾语从句，在从句中做定语，修饰extra services。
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链接1. （2012全国卷2）
ADDIS ABABA, Ethiopia – One of the world’s most famous fossils (化石) – the 3.2 million-year-old Lucy skeleton (骨骼) unearthed in Ethiopia in 1974 – will go on an exhibition tour abroad for the first time in the United States, officials said Tuesday.
Even the Ethiopian public has only seen Lucy twice. The Lucy on exhibition at the Ethiopian National Museum in the capital, Addis Ababa, is a replica while the real remains are usually locked in a secret storeroom. A team from the Museum of National Science in Houston, Texas, spent four years discussing with the Ethiopians for the U.S. tour, which will start in Houston next September.
“Ethiopia’s rich culture of both the past and today, is one of the best kept secrets in the world,” said Joel Bartsch, director of the Houston museum.
The six-year tour will also go to Washington, New York, Denver and Chicago. Officials said six other U.S. cities may be on the tour. But they said plans had not been worked out.
Travelling with Lucy will be 190 other fossils. played in a camp the night of her discovery, is part of the skeleton of what was once a 3-foot-tall ape-man (猿人).
53. The author writes this text mainly to ___ .
A. introduce a few U.S. museums
B. describe some research work
C. discuss the value of an ape-man
D. report a coming event
54. What does the words “a replica” in Paragraph 2 refer to?
A. A painting of the skeleton. B. A photograph of Lucy
C. A copy of the skeleton. D. A written record of Lucy.
55. How many cities has Lucy’s U.S. tour plan already included?
A. Four. B. Five. C. Six. D. Eleven.
56. What was the skeleton named after?
A. An ape-man. B. A song. C. A singer. D. A camp.
【考点】热点话题---记叙文
【文章大意】最古老的类人猿骨骼化石将进行巡回展出。
53.【答案】D
【试题解析】本文是一篇新闻报道，讲述时类人猿化石将进行巡回展出。所以选择D。
【难度】一般
54.【答案】C
【试题解析】猜测词义题。The Lucy on exhibition at the Ethiopian National Museum in the capital, Addis Ababa, is a replica while the real remains are usually locked in a secret storeroom.。中的while the real remains are usually locked in a secret storeroom.。然而真品仍锁在秘密的仓库里，所以猜测a replica词义为赝品、复制品。
【难度】一般
【长难句解析】
The Lucy on exhibition at the Ethiopian National Museum in the capital, Addis Ababa, is a replica while the real remains are usually locked in a secret storeroom.。while表示对比。
55.【答案】B
【试题解析】由第二段最后一句which will start in Houston next September.和第四段第一句The six-year tour will also go to Washington, New York, Denver and Chicago.可知答案为B。
【难度】一般
56.【答案】B
【试题解析】最后一段的 her name taken from a Beatles song that played in a camp the night of her discovery, 可知选B。
【难度】较易
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