高考英语时态2省名师优质课赛课获奖课件市赛课一等奖课件.ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,本资料仅供参考，不能作为科学依据。谢谢。本资料仅供参考，不能作为科学依据。谢谢,英语时态,（2）,第1页,六、现在完成时,1现在完成时组成：,助动词,have(has)+,动词过去分词,注：,has,用于第三人称单数，,have,用于其它全部些人称。,2现在完成时使用方法：,（1）现在完成时表示过去发生或已经完成某一动作对现在造成影响或结果。通常与表示包含现在在内时间副词,just，already,before,yet,never,ever,等状语连用。比如：,I have,never,heard of that,before,.,Have you,ever,ridden a horse?,She has,already,finished the work.,Have you milked the cow,yet,?Yes,I have done that,already,.,Ive,just,lost my science book.,有时没有时间状语；多是普通疑问句。,第2页,（2）现在完成时表示过去已经开始，连续到现在,可能还会连续下去动作或状态。能够和表示从过去某一时刻延续到现在（包含现在在内）一段时间状语连用。如：,for,和,since，,以及,so far,now,today,this week(month,year),等。,I havent seen her,these days,.,She has learnt English,for 3 years,.,They have lived here,since 1990,.,What has happened to the USA,in the last 350 years,?,注意：表示短暂时间动作词，如,come,go,die,marry,buy,等完成时不能与,for,since,等表示一段时间短语连用。,第3页,（3）现在完成时还能够用在时间和条件状语从句中,表示未来某时完成动作，比如：,Ill go to your home when I have finished my homework.,If it has stopped snowing in the morning,well go to the park.,（4）have been(to),和,have gone(to),区分：,have/has been(to),表示“曾经去过”某地，说话时此人很可能不在那里，已经回来。侧重指经历。,have/has gone(to),表示某人“已经去了”某地，说话时此人在那里，或可能在路上，反正不在这里。,试比较：,He has been to Beijing.,他曾去过北京。,（人已回来，可能在这儿）,He has gone to Beijing.,他已经去了北京。,（人已走，不在这儿）。,第4页,现在完成时态中状语区分（重点）,just,:,刚才 在,have/has,后，用于必定，否定，普通问句,already,:,已经 在,have/has,后，用于必定句,ever,：曾经在,have/has,后，用于必定，否定，普通问句,yet,：已经 在,have/has,后，用于否定，普通问句,before,：以前 在句子后，用于必定，否定，普通问句,since,：自从 在句子后，用于必定，否定，普通问句,since+,详细时间,since ten,since+,过去时间,since last month,since+,句子,since she was young,注意：从句中要用去过去时态,for,：在句子后，用于必定，否定，普通问句,接一段时间,for three years,第5页,普通过去时与现在完成时之比较,1）过去时表示过去某时发生动作或单纯叙述过去事情，强调动作；现在完成时为过去发生，强调过去事情对现在影响，强调是影响。,2）过去时常与详细时间状语连用，而现在完成时通常与含糊时间状语连用，或无时间状语。,普通过去时时间状语有：,yesterday,last week，ago,in1980,in October,just now,详细时间状语。,共同时间状语有：,this morning,tonight,this April,now,once，before,already,recently，lately,等。,现在完成时时间状语有：,for,since,so far,ever,never,just,yet,till/until,up to now,in past years,always,等不确定时间状语。,第6页,请大家认真分析比较以下各例句：,I saw this film yesterday.,（,强调看动作发生过了。）,I have seen this film.,（,强调对现在影响，电影内容已经知道了。）,She has returned from Paris.,（,她已从巴黎回来了。）,She returned yesterday.,（,她是昨天回来了。）,He has been in the League for three years.,(,在团内状态可延续),He joined the League three years ago.,(,三年前入团，,joined,为短暂行为。),注意：,句子中如有过去时时间副词（如,yesterday,last week,in 1960）,时，不能使用现在完成时，要用过去时。比如：,（错）,Tom has written a letter to his parents last night.,（,对）,Tom wrote a letter to his parents last night.,第7页,瞬间动词和连续动词区分,瞬间动词和连续动词都可用于现在完成时态，但瞬间动词现在完成时不接由,since,for,所带时间状语，若要带，瞬间动词要改为对应连续动词。如：,die-be dead,comebe here,go/leavebe away,，,buyhave,borrow/lendkeep,joinbe in/be a member,He has bought a dictionary.,He has bought a dictionary for a week.,He has had a dictionary for a week.,第8页,1)用于完成时区分：,延续动词表示经验、经历；瞬间动词表示行为结果，不能与表示段时间状语连用。,He has completed the work.,他已完成了那项工作。(表结果),Ive known him since then.,我从那时起就认识他了。(表经历),2)用于,till/until,从句差异：,延续动词用于必定句，表示“做直到”；瞬间动词用于否定句，表示“到，才”。,He didnt come back until ten oclock.,他到10 点才回来。,He slept until ten oclock.,他一直睡到10点。,第9页,经典例题：,1.,You dont need to describe her.I _ her several times.,A.had met B.have met C.met D.meet,答案,B,；,首先本题后句强调对现在影响，我知道她模样，你不用描述。再次，,several times,通知为重复发生动作，所以用现在完成时。,2.-,Im sorry to keep you waiting.,-Oh,not at all.I _ here only a few minutes.,A.have been B.had been C.was D.will be,答案,A,；,等候动作由过去开始，连续到现在，应用现在完成时。,第10页,七、过去完成时使用方法,1、概念：表示,过去过去,。,-|-|-|-,那时以前 那时 现在,其结构是：,had+,过去分词,2、过去完成时使用方法：,（1）过去完成时表示过去某一时刻或者某一动作之前完成动作或状态；句中惯用,by,before,until,when,等词引导时间状语。,By the end of last year we had built five new houses.,I had learnt 5000 words before I entered the university.,（2）过去完成时动词还能够表示过去某一时刻之前发生动作或者状态连续到过去某个时间或者连续下去。,Before he slept,he had worked for 12 hours.,第11页,（3）在,told,said,knew,heard,thought,等动词后,宾语从句,。,She said(that)she had never been to Paris.,（4）在过去不一样时间发生两个动作中，发生在先，用过去完成时；发生在后，用普通过去时。,When the police arrived,the thieves had run away.,（5）表示意向动词，如,hope,wish,expect,think,intend,mean,suppose,等，用过去完成时表示原本，未能,We had hoped that you would come,but you didnt.,（6）,过去完成时时间状语,before,by,until,when,after,once,as soon as。,He said that he had learned some English before.,By the time he was twelve,Edison had began to make a living by himself.,Tom was disappointed that most of the guests had left when he arrived at the party.,第12页,用普通过去时代替完成时,1)两个动作如按次序发生，又不强调先后，或用,then，and，but,等连词时，多用普通过去时。,When she saw the mouse，she screamed.,My aunt gave me a hat and I lost it.,2),两个动作相继发生，可用普通过去时；如第一个动作需要若干时间完成，用过去完成时。,When I heard the news,I was very excited.,3),叙述历史事实，可不用过去完成时，而只用普通过去时。,Our teacher told us that Columbus discovered America in 1492.,第13页,时间,现在,过去,那时所预见情况,八、普通过去未来时,一、基本概念：,过去未来时表示从过去某一时间看将要发生动作或存在状态。它是一个相正确时态，即立足于过去某时，从过去某一时间看即将发生事情就要用这一时态。,1),He said his mother would buy a bike for him,2)My brother told me he wouldnt believe Jack any more.,3)Would it be all right if he knew his illness?,第14页,二、基本形式：,wouldshould,动词原形,（其中,would,用于各种人称，,should,惯用于第一人称）。,比如：,They were sure they would win the final victory,他们坚信会赢得最终胜利。,He didnt expect that we should（would）all be there,他没想到我们都在那里。,上述两个例句中宾语从句谓语,would win,和,should（would）be,分别与其主句谓语,were sure,和,didnt expect,相对应。,第15页,三、过去未来时一些其它表示形式：,1,wasweregoing to,动词原形,He said he was going to try,他说他准备试试。,2,waswereto,动词原形,They said the railway was to be opened to traffic on May Day,他们说这条铁路将在五一节通车。,3,waswere about to,动词原形,We were about to go out when it began to rain,我们正要出去天（突然）下起雨来。,4过去进行时（普通多为动作概念较强动词，如,go，come，leave，start，open，begin,等）也可用于表示未来。,I didnt know when they were coming again,我不知道他们什么时候再来。,第16页,四、使用方法注意点：,1在时间和条件状语从句中，惯用普通过去时来表示过去未来时。比如：,He said he would come to see you when he had time,他说他有时间就来探望你。,2“,would,动词原形”可表示过去习惯性动作。此时，不论什么人称，都可用,would。,When he was a child he would get up early,他年幼时，总是很早起床。,考例精练：,1,We were all surprised when he made it clear that he _ office soon（MET93）,Aleaves Bwould leave Cleft Dhad left,2 Alice,why didnt you come yesterday？,I _，but I had an unexpected visitor（NMET97）,Ahad Bwould Cwas going to Ddid,第17页,1.The old man _ two days after he had been sent to hospital.,A.died B.would die C.had died D.has died,2.Old McDonald gave up smoking for a while,but soon _ to his old ways.,A.returned B.returns C.was returning D.had returned,3.I _ my son _ a doctor,but he wasnt good enough at science.,A.hoped;would become B.had hoped;would become,C.had hoped;will become D.hope;will become,4.I _ to take a good holiday this year,but I wasnt able to get away.,A.hope B.have hoped C.had hoped D.hoped,5.Helen _ her key in the office so she had to wait until her husband _ home.,A.has left;comes B.left;had come,C.had left;came D.had left;would come,第18页,