高一英语Unit-3-The-Million-Pound-Bank-Note人教实验版知识精讲.doc

高一英语Unit 3 The Million Pound Bank-Note人教实验版【本讲教育信息】一. 教学内容：Unit 3 The Million Pound Bank-Note 词汇：betpermitincredibleaccount for句型：I wonder if (whether) 动名词的复合结构强调句二. 重、难点讲解(一) 词汇1. betn.1) agreement to risk money, etc. on an event of which the result is doubtful 赌博通常用于一些短语中，如：make a bet 打赌e.g. Lets make a bet on the next election.咱们赌下次大选，好吗？类似的短语还有：have a bet 打赌win / lose a bet 打赌赢/输了accept / take up a bet 同意打赌2) the money, etc. risked in this way (金钱等) 赌注e.g. a $ 5 bet 五美元的赌注v. 1) risk (money) on a race or some other event of which the result is doubtful 打赌，赌博e.g. Mrs. Black spent all her money betting on horses.布来克夫人把她所有的钱都花在了赌马上。I bet (you) ($5) that theyll win the next election.我与你赌五美元他们一定会赢得下次选举。I bet on the wrong horseit lost the race.我把赌注下错了，那匹马输了。2) I bet=I am sure 我确信e.g. I bet hes gone swimming he loves it.我敢肯定他去游泳了，他喜爱这项运动。I bet it will rain tomorrow.我确信明天要下雨。注意：bet的过去式和过去分词：bet或betted2. permit v. 1）permit sb. to do sth. =allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事e.g. Her mother would not permit her to come back late.她的妈妈是不会允许她晚归的。Permit me to explain it.请允许我解释一下。2）permit sth.: allow sth. to exist, happen, or to be done 许可、容许存在、发生e.g. We dont permit smoking in the office.在我们的办公室里不准吸烟。The prisoners were permitted two hours outdoor exercise a day.犯人每天允许有两个小时的户外活动。辨析permit 与promisee.g. Will you permit an old pupil to shake hands with you?请允许您从前的一个学生跟您握握手，好吗？I promised that if anyone came to set me free, I would make him king over the earth.我许下诺言：谁来把我放了，我就让他当世界之王。辨析：1) permit 意为“允许”，“许可”，后接名词、代词、或由带to的不定式构成的复合宾语。promise 意为“允诺”、“答应”，后跟名词、代词、不定式或双宾语结构。promise 还可接that 从句，但permit 不能这样用。例如：母亲不准我出去。误：Mother didnt permit that I might go out. 正：Mother didnt promise that I might go out.Mother didnt permit me to go out.2) permit sb. to do sth. / promise sb. to do sth. e.g. Tom permitted me to go. Tom允许我去。Tom promised me to go . Tom答应我他要去。前一句中的to go 是me 发出的动作，意思是我去而不是Tom去。后一句中的to go 是Tom发出的动作，意思是Tom去巩固练习：用A: permit B: promise的正确形式填空 1. I _ that Ill never do that again. 2. Since she had a bad cold, the teacher _ her to go home. 3. She _ me a present for my birthday. 4. Smoking isnt _ in the workshops. 5. Lets go boating this afternoon, weather _.3. incredible adj. 1) difficult to believe; amazing or fantastic 难以置信的，不可思议的，惊人的，奇异的e.g. Sally earns an incredible amount of money in that company.萨丽在那家公司薪水多得惊人。The Gates had an incredible (extremely good) holiday in Greece.盖茨一家在希腊度过了一个极愉快的假日。2) impossible to believe 不可相信e.g. They told us an incredible story.他们对我们讲了一个不可信的故事!incredibly : adv.1）to a great degree, extremely or unusually 非常地，极端地，异乎寻常地e.g. incredible hot weather 极热的天气2) in a way that is difficult to believe, amazingly 难以置信地，惊人地e.g. Incredibly, no one had ever thought of such a simple idea before.真是难以置信，这样简单的主意竟没有人想到。4. account for: be the explanation of sth., explain the cause of sth.做某事的解释，解释某事物的原因e.g. His illness accounts for his absence.他因病缺席。Please account for your own conduct.请你对自己的行为作出解释。句型I wonder, Mr. Adams, if youd mind us asking a few questions.亚当斯先生，不知你是否介意我们问几个问题。 1. I wonder if (whether)不知是否这是一种表示委婉请求的句式，用于较为正式的场合。如：I wonder if she knows were here.我很想知道她是否晓得我们在这里。另外，I wonder 还可以接其他句式，如：I wonder why they didnt arrive.我不明白他们为什么没到。I wonder at his rudeness.我对他的粗暴无礼感到吃惊。I wonder that he can come here after what happened.事件发生后他还能到这里来，我觉得奇怪。 2. 动名词的复合结构Mind us asking这一结构是名词的所有格或形容词性的物主代词+dong的形式，在句中能做主语、表语和宾语。如：Sophias having seen them did not surprise us.索菲亚看见了他们，这并不使我们感到惊讶。Excuse my interrupting you. 请原谅我打断你的话。What worried the child most was his not being allowed to visit his mother in the hospital.使那孩子焦虑不安的是不允许他到医院探望他的妈妈。在现代英语中，动名词复合结构用作宾语时，其名词多用通格，形容词性物主代词也多用代词的。Mind us asking就属于这种情况。又如：I hate people being unhappy. 我不愿人们不快乐。Please say nothing about us calling.请不要(对别人)说我们来拜访的事。 3. 强调句And it was the ship that brought you to England.正是那艘船把你带到了英国。此句为一强调句，其句型结构是：it is (was) +被强调部分+that+句子剩余部分又如：It was in this room that Lu Xun once lived.这就是鲁迅生前住过的房间。It was because his mother was ill that he didnt go to school.他不来上学是因为他妈妈病了。It was in 1982 that the club was set up.这个俱乐部是在1982年成立的。注意：此句型用来强调除谓语动词以外的其他成分。若要用来强调谓语动词，常在动词前加助动词。如：I do like music.我的确喜欢音乐。He did finish his homework yesterday.他昨天的确完成了作业。【模拟试题】一. 单项选择 1. We are interested in the weather because it _ us directlywhat we wear, what we do, and even how we feel.A. benefitsB. affectsC. guidesD. effects2. _ life in a new country can be difficult, it can also broaden a persons view of the world.A. IfB. AlthoughC. BecauseD. While3. Did you see the American film last night? Oh, yes. It couldnt have been _ moving.A. soB. tooC. lessD. more4. Swimmers must be very strong in order to build up speed because of the high resistance of the water. Runners, _, must struggle against the heavy resistance of the air and ground.A. generallyB. similarlyC. naturallyD. probably5. Western art of the 19th century shows the influence of _ Far East.A. aB. theC. anD. /6. Protect earth, or good soil is _ lost.A. actuallyB. graduallyC. hardlyD. life7. Information achieved from the libraries is sooner forgotten than _.A. from lifeB. that from lifeC. that of lifeD. life8. Of three people who travel together, there _ someone who _ be my teacher.A. must have, mightB. must be, canC. may be, couldD. may have, may9. Who do you think will _ now that the governor has been dismissed?A. take overB. take upC. take inD. take down10. Mr. Cooper is going to attend the talk, so you will have an opportunity to exchange _ tomorrow.A. sightsB. decisionC. signsD. ideas二. 阅读理解When Tom finished his studies at the university, he began to look around for a job. He did not know what he would like to do , but one of his uncles had worked for the government for thirty years, and he advised Tom to try to get a job of the same kind. So he went for an examination one day. He was successful, and his first job was in a large government office in London.When Tom had been working there for a few weeks, his uncle came to visit the family one Saturday evening. He was pleased that his nephew had managed to get a job working for the government, and he asked him a lot of questions about it.One of the questions he asked was, “How many people work in your department, Tom?”The young man thought for a few moments and then answered, “About half of them, Uncle Jim.” 1. When he graduated from university, Tom was not _.A. very good at scienceB. looking for a good-paying job with excellent hoursC. interested in getting any information from the governmentD. good at making decisions 2. What did Tom think of his uncles advice?A. He thought it was acceptableB. He did not like it.C. He refused to take itD. He was unable to follow it. 3. Which of the following is true?A. The exam tired him.B. The exam make him a successful man.C. He didnt want to take part in the exam.D. The result was bad.4. The uncle was eager to find out _.A. how the nephew was getting along with his jobB. what his nephew was doingC. whether his nephew misunderstood himD. what his nephew had expected5. Toms answer to his uncle actually means that _.A. the people working in the government office were divided into two groups and they worked in turnB. many of the government workers were not working hardC. the government office had more hands than neededD. about half of the candidates(报考人) had been taken in by the department【试题答案】一. 单项选择BBDBB，BBBAD二. 阅读理解 DABAC