1、(名师选题名师选题)2023)2023 年人教版人教版高中英语必修一年人教版人教版高中英语必修一 WelcomeUnitWelcomeUnit 知识点梳理知识点梳理 单选题 1、The sentence structure of“He lent me a book.”is _ AS+V+OBS+V+IO+DOCS+V+DO+OCDS+V+P 答案:B 考查句子结构。句意:“他借给我一本书”的句子结构是He 是主语,lent 是谓语,me 是间接宾语,a book 是直接宾语,因此句子结构是 S+V+IO+DO。故选 B。2、Afternoon tea,_ as a light snack to
2、 bridge the gap between lunch and dinner,dates back to the 1840s.Ato designBdesigningCdesignedDhaving designed 答案:C 考查非谓语动词。句意:下午茶的历史可以追溯到 19 世纪 40 年代,是午餐和晚餐之间的一种小吃。本句已有谓语 date back to,所以空白处为非谓语。动词 design 和所修饰的名词短语 Afternoon tea 之间是被动关系,故用其过去分词作后置定语,由逗号隔开,相当于非限制性定语从句。故选 C 项。3、Each one of us are high
3、ly recommended to _ oil and gas by taking advantage of the renewable energy sources.AdismissBconcentrateCpossessDconserve 答案:D 考查动词词义辨析。句意:我们每个人都被强烈建议通过使用可再生能源来节约石油和天然气。A.dismiss 解雇;B.concentrate 集中注意力;C.possess 拥有;D.conserve 节约,保护。根据句意及常识可知,人们通过使用可再生资源,以到达节约石油和天然气的目的。conserve 意为“节约”符合题意。故选 D 项。4、Yo
4、u see,shes losing her temper now.Lets_ her_.Aleave;aloneBleave;inCput;aloneDput;in 答案:A 考查动词短语辨析。句意:你看,她现在在发脾气。让我们离她远点。A.leave.alone 别管;B.leave.in 是错误搭配;C.put.alone 把某物单独;D.put.in 把放进。由“shes losing her temper now”可知,句子表示“她现在在发脾气。让我们离她远点”,也就是不管她,空格处是“别管”,故选 A。5、When entering the office,_.ARoger was f
5、ound sitting at a deskBwe found Roger seated at a desk CRoger was found sat at a deskDit was we who found Roger seat at a desk 答案:B 考查句子结构。句意:当我们进入办公室时,发现罗杰坐在一张桌子旁。分析句子和句意可知,本句为状语从句的省略,主从句的主语都为 we,还原后为:When we were entering the office,we found Roger seated at a desk。故选 B 项。小提示:6、选出以下句子的结构类型:He tells
6、 them a funny story.ASVOBSVOCCSV IO DODSV 答案:C 考查句子结构。句意:他给他们讲了一个有趣的故事。句中 He 为主语,tells 为谓语动词,them 为间接宾语,a funny story 为直接宾语,所以本句为主谓宾宾结构。故选 C。7、No matter what you like to do,there is a way to get involved in _activities on Earth Day.AvarietiesBanxiousCvariousDa variety 答案:C 考查形容词词义辨析。句意:无论你喜欢做什么,都有办法
7、在地球日参与各种活动。A.varieties 种类;B.anxious 焦虑的,担心的;C.various 各种各样的,千差万别的;D.a variety 一种种类。分析句子可知,此处修饰名词 activities,应用形容词,因此排除 A、D。根据句意可知,设空处要表达“多种多样的”。故选 C 项。8、Which statement is wrong?AI wish you good luck and look forward to your early recovery.BThe day that he had been looking forward to came at last.CH
8、e looked forward to see whos shouting in the crowd.DHe has been looking forward to travel in Tibet.答案:D 考查非谓语动词。A 项译为:我祝你好运,并期待着你的早日康复,句子正确,B 项译为:他一直期待着的那一天终于到来了,句子正确。C 项译为:他向前看,想看看谁在人群中喊叫,句子正确。D 项译为:他一直期待着去西藏旅行,look forward to“渴望”,to 是介词,后接动名词作宾语,故 D 项中的 travel 应用动名词形式traveling,故 D 项错误。故选 D。9、Ive b
9、een trying to read this book all day,but somehow I cannot _ to it properly.Agive inBsettle downClook forwardDlive up 答案:B 考查动词短语辨析。句意:我一整天一直都在尽力读这本书,但不知怎么的,我不能完全专心致志于它。A.give in 迁就;B.settle down 专心致志于;C.look forward 盼望;D.live up 不辜负。以上四个动词短语都与句中介词 to 构成固定短语,根据句意可知,要用动词短语 settle down to(专心致志于)在句中作谓语,
10、符合句意。故选 B 项。10、Its a _ idea to build cabin hospitals(方舱医院)to receive patients during the outbreak of the Covid-19.AcheerfulBclassicalCcreativeDcurious 答案:C 考查形容词词义辨析。句意:在新冠肺炎疫情期间,建造方舱医院来接收患者是一个有创意的想法。A.cheerful 欢快的;B.classical 经典的;C.creative 有创意的;D.curious 好奇的。根据句意及常识可知,建造方舱医院是我们国家的一个有创意的想法。故选 C。11、
11、We will make him our monitor.(分析句子结构)AS+V+OBS+V+DO+IOCS+V+PDS+V+O+OC 答案:D 考查句子结构。句意:我们将让他当我们的班长。分析句子可知,“We”在句中作主语(S),“will make”作谓语(V),“him”作宾语(O),“our monitor”作宾语补足语(OC),故句子为“S+V+O+OC”结构。故选 D 项。12、Do you feel _ when going into the wilderness alone?AfrighteningBfrightenCfrightenedDto frighten 答案:C 考
12、查形容词。句意:你独自一人进入荒野时,你会感到害怕吗?系动词 feel 后需接形容词作表语,排除选项 B和 D;主语是人 you,所以此处需用 ed 形容词 frightened“害怕的”作表语。故选 C。13、The machine must be out of order.The structure of the sentence is _.A主+谓+宾 B主+谓+间宾+直宾 C主+系+表 D主+谓+宾+宾补 答案:C 考查基本句型。句意:这部机器一定是坏了。分析句子结构,the machine 是主语,must be 为情态动词+系动词,out of order 位于系动词后面,是表语。
13、由此可知,这个句子是“主+系+表”结构。故填 C。14、The little boy bought his mother a gift on Mothers day.ASVIODOBSPCSVODSVA 答案:A 考查句子结构。句意:小男孩在母亲节给妈妈买了一个礼物。The little boy 作主语(S),bought 作谓语(V),his mother 作间接宾语(IO),a gift 作直接宾语(DO),on Mothers day 作时间状语,因此该句为 SVIODO 结构。故选 A。15、How long did David work here?For half of a year
14、,but he didnt leave much _ on us.AexpressionBinstructionCconclusionDimpression 答案:D 考查名词词义辨析。句意:大卫在这里工作了多久?四年半,但他没有给我们留下太深的印象。A.expression 表情、表达;B.instruction 指示、说明;C.conclusion 结论;D.impression 印象。leave an impression on sb.意为“给某人留下印象”,结合前文 leave 和后文介词 on 可知,符合题意。故选 D 项。16、_ honesty,I know a lot of p
15、eople who dont pay bus fares.AConcentrating onBSpeaking ofCLeading toDLiving up to 答案:B 考查动词短语辨析。句意:谈到诚实,我知道许多人乘公车不买票。A.Concentrating on 集中于;B.Speaking of谈到;C.Leading to 导致;D.Living up to 不辜负。根据句意可知,设空处表达了“谈到”的含义,所以要选 B 项。故选 B 项。17、He listened carefully as if he could _ his mothers footsteps from th
16、e crowd.AdetermineBreactCexploreDdistinguish 答案:D 考查动词词义辨析。句意:他仔细听着,好像能从人群中分辨出他母亲的脚步声。A.determine 决定;B.react作出反应;C.explore 探索;D.distinguish 分辨。由“his mothers footsteps from the crowd”可知,句子表示“他好像能从人群中分辨出他母亲的脚步声”,空格处意为“分辨”。故选 D。18、She couldnt make herself heard above the noise of the traffic.The struct
17、ure of the sentence is _.A主+谓+宾 B主+谓+间宾+直宾 C主+系+表 D主+谓+宾+宾补 答案:D 考查句子结构。句意:在车辆的嘈杂声中,她无法使人听见她的声音。分析句子结构可知,这个句子的主语是She,谓语是 couldnt make,宾语是 herself,过去分词 heard 作宾语补足语。故选 D 项。19、All the students present were eagerly asking questions about the new comer,_ to know his secret.AcuriousBenviousCcautiousDgene
18、rous 答案:A 考查形容词词义辨析。句意:所有在场的学生都急切地询问这位新来的人的情况,想知道他的秘密。A.curious好奇的,渴望知道的;B.envious 嫉妒的;C.cautious 谨慎的;D.generous 慷慨的。根据“All the students present were eagerly asking questions about the new comer,”可知,所有的学生都渴望知道这位新来的人的秘密。故选 A。20、Pruitts lessons teach teamwork(团队合作),which improve the relationships in t
19、he community(社区).Its the _ that he can make on people.ApassionBimpressionCimpactDcareer 答案:C 考查名词词义辨析。句意。普鲁伊特的课程教授团队合作,这可以改善社区的关系。这是他能对人们产生的影响。A.passion 热情、激情;B.impression 印象;C.impact 影响;D.career 职业、事业。根据前面的“Pruitts lessons teach teamwork(团队合作),which improve the relationships in the community(社区).”可
20、知,Pruitt的课程教授团队协作,这可以改善社区的关系,给人们带来影响。make an impact on 为固定搭配,表示“对产生影响”。故选 C 项。21、When we looked around our new school campus,we got a very good _ of it.AimpressionBoperationCinvestigationDrecognition 答案:A 考查名词词义辨析。句意:当我们参观我们的新校园时,我们对它的印象非常好。A.impression 印象;B.operation 手术;C.investigation 调查;D.recogni
21、tion 承认。have/get a.impression of sb./sth.对某人/某物有印象。根据“When we looked around our new school campus,”可知,我们对新校园的印象非常好。故选 A。22、Setting goals makes you_.AconfidenceBconfidentlyCto be confidentDconfident 答案:D 考查形容词。句意:设置目标让你充满信心。make 后接复合宾语,空处用形容词作宾语补足语,解释说明宾语 you,故选 D。小提示:23、With his attention_on his boo
22、k,he noticed nothing.AconcentratedBconcentrateCconcentratingDto concentrate 答案:A 考查非谓语动词。句意:他全神贯注地看书,什么也没注意到。本题考查 with 的复合结构,介词 with 后宾语his attention 与 concentrate 之间为被动关系,所以用过去分词作宾语补足语。故选 A。24、The campus was so beautiful and quiet that I wanted to _it.AchangeBexploreCattackDdecorate 答案:B 考查动词词义辨析。句
23、意:校园是如此美丽和安静以至于我想要探索它。A.change 改变;B.explore 探索;C.attack 袭击;D.decorate 装饰。根据句意可知,句子为结果状语从句,校园是如此美丽和安静,所以我应该是想要探索它,“explore”意为“探索”,动词词性,符合句意。故选 B 项。25、Many in credit industry expect that credit cards will eventually _paper money for almost every purchase.AexchangeBreduceCreplaceDsubstitute 答案:C 考查动词词义
24、辨析。句意:信贷行业的许多人预计,信用卡最终将在几乎所有消费中取代纸币。A.exchange 交换;B.reduce 减少;C.replace 取代;D.substitute 用来取代。根据“Many in credit industry expect that credit cards will eventually”可知,此处是指信贷行业的人预计信用卡会取代纸币,用 replace 符合题意;而 substitute 意为“用来取代”,接宾语 paper money 时意为“用纸币来取代”不符合题意。故选 C。26、Analyze the structure of the followin
25、g sentence:“I hope to be fluent when I graduate.”ASVOBSVACSVOADSP 答案:C 考查句子结构。题目要求分析句子成分,本句的主语是 I,谓语动词是 hope,宾语是 to be fulent,此处是不定式短语做 hope 的宾语,when 引导的是时间状语,所以整个句子结构是主谓宾+状语,故选 C 项。27、I have created these sentences to give you a chance to_ the world of English vocabulary and its hidden beauty.Asele
26、ctBreplaceCexploreDdecorate 答案:C 考查动词词义辨析。句意:我创造了这些句子,给你一个机会去探索英语词汇世界和它隐藏的魅力。A.select挑选;B.replace 代替;C.explore 探索;D.decorate 装饰。根据后文the world of English vocabulary and its hidden beauty 可知,此处指“探索”。故选 C 项。28、He noticed a man enter the room.ASVOOBSOACSVADSVOC 答案:D 考查句子结构。句意:他注意到一个人进了房间。句中主语为 He,谓语动词为
27、noticed,宾语为 a man,enter the room 为宾语补足语。所以本句为主谓宾补结构。故选 D。29、I didnt feel _ at all when _ myself at the beginning of this school year.Aconfident,introducingBconfidently,introducing Cconfident,introducedDconfidently,introduced 答案:A 考查形容词和状语从句的省略。句意:这学年开始我介绍自己的时候,我一点都不自信。根据句子结构可知,第一个空要用形容词做表语,表示主语的状态,所
28、以第一个空填 confident;第二个空考查“when”引导的时间状语从句的省略:当主从句主语一致,并且从句谓语有 be 动词时,可以把从句的主语和 be 动词省略。根据意思可知,introduce 这个动作是主句主语“I”主动发出的动作,所以完整的句子应该是“when I was introducing myself at the beginning of this school year.”,省略了从句的主语和 be 动词之后,就是“when introducing myself at the beginning of this school year.”,所以第二个空填 introdu
29、cing。故选 A。30、Having problems with facial _ is in a way known as face blindness.AexpressionBrecognitionCorganizationDrealization 答案:B。考查名词词义辨析。句意:出现面部识别问题在一定程度上被称为脸盲症。A.expression 表达;表情;B.recognition 识别;C.organization 组织;D.realization 意识。根据句意可知脸盲症的表现就是在面部识别方面出现问题,应用名词 recognition,作宾语。故选 B 项。完成句子 31、据
30、说猪年出生的人快乐而且乐观。Its said that people born in the Year of the Pig _.答案:are happy and optimistic 考查主系表结构。根据句意并分析句子成分可知,that 在该句中引导主语从句,该从句的主语为“people born in the Year of the Pig(猪年出生的人)”,所设空处为谓语部分,“快乐而且乐观”表明主语的状态,因此要用“系动词+形容词”构成的系表结构,其形容词形式为“happy and optimistic”,又主语为 people,根据上下文语境为一般现在时态,所以系动词应用 are,综
31、上,故填 are happy and optimistic。32、眼科医生建议孩子应该在六个月大的时进行第一次眼睛检查。Eye doctors recommend that a childs first eye exam_ _at the age of six mouths old.答案:be examined 考查虚拟语气。分析句子可知,在表示“建议”后的宾语从句中(这里用了 recommend),常用虚拟语气,从句谓语要用“should+动词原形”构成,should 通常可以省略。而在从句中,主语 exam 与动词 examine 之间是被动关系,要用被动语态。故填 be examined
32、。33、理解你自己的需要和交流风格与学会表达你的喜爱和情感一样重要。_ as important as learning to convey your affection and emotions.答案:Understanding your own needs and styles of communication is 考查固定短语。结合句意表示“理解你自己的需要和交流风格”翻译为understand your own needs and styles of communication,作句子的主语,应用动名词形式,且为一般现在时,谓语用单数。句首单词首字母要大写。故填 Understand
33、ing your own needs and styles of communication is。34、Doctors are aiming to_ _(全神贯注于)prevention rather than cure.(根据汉语提示完成句子)答案:concentrate on 考查动词短语。句意:医生们的目标是专注于预防而不是治疗。根据汉语意思提示可知,此处为动词短语concentrate on“全神贯注于”,满足句意要求,结合空前 to 可知,此处为动词不定式形式,应为动词原形。故分别填 concentrate;on。35、没有一次尝试,你永远都不会知道结果。You will neve
34、r know the result_ _ _.答案:without a try.考查介词短语。介词 without 意为“没有,缺乏”,名词 try 意为“尝试”,“没有一次尝试”可翻译为 without a try,在该句中作状语。故填 without a try。36、每天早上我们都能听到他大声朗读英语。(主语谓语宾语宾语补足语)Every morning we can hear him _ _ _.答案:read English loudly 考查固定短语。结合句意表示“大声朗读英语”短语为 read English loudly,作宾补,hear somebody do 听到某人做某事
35、的全过程。故填 read English loudly。37、千里之行,始于足下。A thousandmile journey _ the first step.答案:starts/begins with 考查短语、主谓一致和时态。根据汉语提示可知,空处的内容为“开始于”,短语:start/begin with“开始于”,符合题意,主语 A thousandmile journey 为单数,且表示客观事实,所以空处用一般现在时的单数。故填starts/begins with。38、昨天 John 因为粗心,自己所有的钱都被偷走了。(get+宾语+宾补)John _ yesterday beca
36、use of his carelessness.答案:got all his money stolen 考查句子结构。题目要求使用 get+宾语+宾补,根据句意并分析句子结构可知,主语为 John,宾语“钱”是被偷走的,考虑用 get sth.done 的结构,表示“使某事被(别人)做”,即宾补为“偷窃”steal 的过去分词形式,用all his money 表示“他所有的钱”,yesterday 提示时态为一般过去时。故填 got all his money stolen。39、我很难让这个受到惊吓的男孩平静下来。I had trouble_.答案:(in)calming the frig
37、htened boy down 考查固定短语。分析句子可知,have trouble in 为固定短语,意为“做某事很困难”,后应接动名词作宾语,in 可以省略。“让平静下来”可翻译为 calm.down,“受到惊吓的男孩”可翻译为 the frightened boy。故填(in)calming the frightened boy down。40、我的起很早,以便能赶上第一班车。I got up very early_ _I could catch the first bus.答案:so that 考查连词。分析句子可知,这里符合目的状语从句的结构,可以用 so that 引导,表示“以便
38、,为了”。故填so that。语法填空 41、The chemist said he _(experiment)with the chemical the next Saturday.(所给词的适当形式填空)答案:would experiment#was going to experiment 考查时态。句意:化学家说他将在下个星期六用这种化学物质做实验。分析句子,设空处应该使用动词作宾从句的谓语。此处表示的即将发生的动作,同时根据主句中的 said 可知,时间为过去,故使用过去将来时。故填would experiment 或 was going to experiment。42、Where
39、can I exchange my dollars _ pounds?(用适当的词填空)答案:for 考查介词。句意:我在哪里可以把美元兑换成英镑?exchange A for B“把 A 换成 B”为固定短语。故填 for。43、The official visit,_(design)to strengthen the friendship between the two countries,was a great success.答案:designed 考查非谓语动词。句意:这次旨在加强两国友谊的正式访问取得了巨大成功。分析可知,此处为非谓语,动词design 和前文名词 visit 之间
40、是被动关系,故用其过去分词作后置定语,由逗号隔开,相当于非限制性定语从句。故填 designed。44、I have told myself after the failure that Ill concentrate more _ study.(用适当的词填空)答案:on 考查介词。句意:失败后我告诉自己,我会更加专注于学习。分析句子可知,句中涉及固定短语“concentrate on.”,意为“集中注意力于,专注于”,故空格处应用介词“on”。故填 on。45、He was expected to concentrate _ his studies and make something o
41、f himself.(用适当的词填空)答案:on 考查介词,句意:人们期望他集中精力学习,出人头地。短语:concentrate on“专心致志于”,故填 on。46、Strangely enough,at such_ moments,such a little girl remained calm and wasnt_ at all.(frighten)(所给词的适当形式填空)答案:frightening frightened 考查形容词。句意:奇怪的是,在这样可怕的时刻,这样一个小女孩却保持冷静,一点也不害怕。根据句意及所给句子可知,第一空修饰 moments,应用-ing 结尾形容词 f
42、rightening,意为“可怕的”。第二空描述 a little girl的感情,应用-ed 结尾形容词 frightened,意为“受惊的,害怕的”。故填frightening;frightened。47、_ a strange plant!Ive never seen it before.(用适当的词填空)答案:What 考查感叹句。句意:多么奇怪的植物啊!我以前从未见过它。第一句是一个感叹句,它的完整形式为“What a strange plant it is!”。因为中心词是名词 plant,所以用 What 引出感叹句。故填 what。48、The little girl was
43、so _(frighten)that she burst out crying.(所给词的适当形式填空)答案:frightened 考查形容词。句意:这个小女孩如此害怕,以至于突然哭了起来。分析句子结构,该空作 was 之后的表语,用形容词,根据句意可知,此处修饰 The little girl,指人,应使用-ed 结尾的形容词,意为“感到害怕的”。故填frightened。49、The exercises are designed to _(strength)your stomach muscles.(所给词的适当形式填空)答案:strengthen 考查动词。句意:这些运动旨在增强你的腹肌。根据句意可知,此处使用动词 strengthen,固定短语be designed to do sth.“”,应使用动词原形。故填 strengthen。50、She wonders how to make a good first _(impress).(所给词的适当形式填空)答案:impression 考查名词。句意:她想知道如何给人留下良好的第一印象。作宾语,应用名词 impression,不定冠词提示用单数。故填 impression。