活页练12.doc

活页练(十二) 单项填空＋阅读理解＋任务型阅读
Ⅰ.单项填空
1．—Thank God you’re safe！
—I stepped back， just________to avoid the racing car. (2012·江苏，29)
A．in time B．in case
C．in need D．in vain
答案　A
解析　in time及时；in case万一，以防；in need需要；in vain徒劳，无济于事。句意为：——谢天谢地，你是安全的！——我后退了一步，及时躲过了那辆赛车。由句意知选A项。
2．We’d better discuss everything ________ before we work out the plan.(2011·江苏，32)
A．in detail B．in general
C．on purpose D．on time
答案　A
解析　句意为：在制订计划之前我们最好详细地讨论一下各方面的事情。in detail详细地，详实地；in general通常，大体上，从总体上看；on purpose故意地；on time按时。只有“详细”讨论才能制订计划，故选A项。
3．Mrs.Smith finds it hard to clear up the mess，as her children are always ________ whenever she tries to. (2013·福建，29)
A．in the way B．on watch
C．in sight D．on the line
答案　A
解析　句意为：Mrs.Smith发现很难清理混乱局面，因为当她尽力清理时她的孩子总是妨碍她。in the way妨碍；on watch值班，监视；in sight在视力范围内，在即；on the line处于危险中，(对方)在接电话。
4．It’s not easy to change habits，________ with awareness and self­control，it is possible. (2013·重庆，23)
A．for B．or C．but D．so
答案　C
解析　 考查连词。句意为：改变习惯不容易，但是如果有了想改变的意识和自控力，(改变习惯)也是可能的。前后句之间为转折关系，故选C项。
5．It was a real race________time to get the project done.Luckily，we made it.
(2013·新课标全国Ⅰ，34)
A．over B．by C．for D．against
答案　D
解析　考查介词辨析。句意为：完成这项任务真是一场与时间的赛跑，值得庆幸的是，我们做到了。与时间赛跑，显然是对抗，用against。
6．It will be a big help if you go to the store and get what we need for dinner.________，I’ll set the table. (2013·浙江，14)
A．As a result B．On the whole
C．In the meanwhile D．As a matter of fact
答案　C
解析　考查固定短语。as a result作为结果；on the whole整体看来；in the meanwhile在这时候，与此同时；as a matter of fact事实上。根据句意“如果你去商店把我们晚餐需要的东西买来，那可算帮我大忙了。你在做这事的时候，我会在家布置好桌子。”知C项符合逻辑。
7．The Smiths are praised________the way they bring up their children.(2013·山东，34)
A．from B．by C．at D．for
答案　D
解析　考查介词。根据固定搭配praise sb.for sth.可知答案为D项。
8．The Well Hotel stands in a quiet place ________the main road at the far end of the lake. (2012·辽宁，27)
A．to B．for C．off D．out
答案　C
解析　off表示“离开，偏离”的意思。句意为：Well宾馆坐落在一个安静的地方，在湖的尽头与主干街道隔着一定的距离。off the main road意为“与主干街道偏离”。
9．China has been pushing the reform of public hospitals ________ all its citizens.(2012·福建，26)
A．in charge of B．for the purpose of
C．in honor of D．for the benefit of
答案　D
解析　in charge of掌管，负责；for the purpose of为了……目的；in honor of为了纪念……；for the benefit of为了……的利益。句意为：为了所有公民的利益，中国一直在推动公立医院的改革。根据句意可知D项意思最符合。
10．At school，some students are active ________ some are shy，yet they can be good friends with one another. (2012·四川，4)
A．while B．although
C．so D．as
答案　A
解析　考查并列连词。句意为：在学校，一些学生很活跃而一些却很害羞，然而他们都可能彼此成为好朋友。根据句意选while，表示两个分句中两种情况的对比。
11．________all the animals I’ve ever had，these two dogs are the most sensitive to the spoken word. (2012·浙江，6)
A．From B．Of C．For D．With
答案　B
解析　two dogs属于all animals，故用介词of表示这种关系，如：many of us， 我们中的许多人。故B项符合语境。
12．It was a nice meal，________ a little expensive. (2011·大纲全国，19)
A．though B．whether C．as D．since
答案　A
解析　句意为：尽管这顿饭有点儿贵，但还是很不错的。though尽管；whether是否；as因为，当……时；since自从。
13．Bring the flowers into a warm room ________ they’ll soon open.
A．or B．and C．but D．for
答案　B
解析　本句为“祈使句＋and/or＋陈述句”句型。根据题意，应为顺承关系。故选B项。
14．He was a good student and scored ________ average in most subjects.
A．below B．of
C．on D．above
答案　D
解析　句意为：他是一个好学生，大多数科目得分高于平均水平。above average高于平均数；below average低于平均数；on average平均起来，一般说来。
15．The traveler didn’t know________which direction to go.
A．in B．at C．to D．/
答案　A
解析　表示“朝……方向去”，用介词in而不用to。
Ⅱ.阅读理解
Multitasking
People who multitask all the time may be the worst at doing two things at once，a new research suggests.The findings，based on performances and self­evaluations by about 275 college students，indicate that many people multitask not out of a desire to increase productivity，but because they are easily distracted (分心) and can’t focus on one activity.And “those people turn out to be the worst at handling different things，” said David Sanbonmatsu，a psychologist at the University of Utah.
Sanbonmatsu and his colleagues gave the students a set of tests and asked them to report how often they multitasked，how good they thought they were at it，and how sensation­seeking (寻求刺激) or impulsive(冲动) they were.They then evaluated the participants’ multitasking ability with a tricky mental task that required the students to do simple mathematical calculations while remembering a set of letters.
Not surprisingly，the scientists said，most people thought they were better than average at multitasking，and those who thought they were better at it were more likely to report using a cellphone while driving or viewing multiple kinds of media at once.But those who frequently deal with many things at the same time were found to perform the worst at the actual multitasking test.They also were more likely to admit to sensation­seeking and impulsive behavior，which connects with how easily people get bored and distracted.
“People multitask not because it’s going to lead to greater productivity，but because they’re distractible，and they get sucked into things that are not as important，”Sanbonmatsu said.
Adam Gazzaley，a researcher at the University of California，San Francisco，who was not a member of the research group，said one limitation of the study was that it couldn’t find out whether people who start out less focused tend toward multitasking or whether people’s recognizing and understanding abilities change as a result of multitasking.
The findings do suggest，however，why the sensation­seekers who multitask the most may enjoy risky distracted driving.“People who are multitasking are generally less sensitive to risky situations，”said Paul Atchley，another researcher not in the group.“This may partly explain why people go in for these situations even though they’re dangerous.” (2013·北京，D)
1．The research led by Sanbonmatsu indicates that people who multitask .
A．seek high productivity constantly
B．prefer handling different things when getting bored
C．are more focused when doing many things at a time
D．have the poorest results in doing various things at the same time
答案　D
解析　细节理解题。由文章第一段第三句“And ‘those people turn out to be the worst at handling different things’．..”及文章第三段第二句“But those who frequently deal with many things at the same time were found to perform the worst at the actual multitasking test.”可知选D项。
2．When Sanbonmatsu and his colleagues conducted their research，they .
A．assessed the multitasking ability of the students
B．evaluated the academic achievements of the students
C．analyzed the effects of the participants’ tricky mental tasks
D．measured the changes of the students’ understanding ability
答案　A
解析　细节理解题。由文章第二段第二句“They then evaluated the participants’ multitasking ability with a tricky mental task that...”，可知他们评价学生的多项任务处理能力，而不是其他能力，故选A项。
3．According to Sanbonmatsu，people multitask because of their .
A．limited power in calculation
B．interests in doing things differently
C．inability to concentrate on one task
D．impulsive desire to try new things
答案　C
解析　细节理解题。文章第一段第二句及第四段知人们多项任务处理是因为他们不能专注于一项任务，故选C项。
4．From the last paragraph，we can learn that multitaskers usually .
A．drive very skillfully
B．go in for difficult tasks
C．fail to react quickly to potential dangers
D．refuse to explain the reasons for their behavior
答案　C
解析　推理判断题。由文章最后一段第二句“People who are multitasking are generally less sensitive to risky situations.”可知多项任务处理者们通常对潜在危险不能迅速作出反应。故选C项。
Ⅲ.任务型阅读
The New York City Marathon was started by a man named Fred Lebow.It began in 1970 as a small，unimportant race.Only 127 local people ran，and just 55 of them finished.They ran around Central Park four times.Few people watched them run.However，over the years the marathon grew and became more popular.
Today people come from all over the world to run in the marathon.Runners must be at least 18 years old.In fact，the oldest runner was an 89­year­old man.Recently，more than 27,000 people ran in the New York City Marathon.Large crowds cheered the runners and offered them cold drinks and encouragement.
The course of the marathon has changed.Instead of running around Central Park，the runners go through the five districts of New York City：Queens，Brooklyn，Manhattan，the Bronx，and Staten Island.The marathon begins at the base of the Verrazano Narrows Bridge in Staten Island.The runners go across the bridge into Brooklyn.Then they go up through Queens and into the Bronx.The marathon finishes in Central Park in Manhattan.The complete course is 26.2 miles，and takes the best runners less than 3 hours.
Although it has changed since 1970，the New York City Marathon is always exciting.Through the years，many unusual events have happened during the marathon.For example，Pat Tuz and John Weibaker got married a few minutes before the race.Then they ran the race with their party members.Some people run the whole race alone.
In the fall of 1992，Fred Lebow，the founder of the New York City Marathon，slowly ran his last race.He was very ill with cancer，but he did not want to stop running.In October 1994，Fred died.However，the New York City Marathon，and all its excitement，will continue for many years to come.
The New York City Marathon：A World 1.Race
The 2.founder of the New York City Marathon
The New York City Marathon，which began in 1970 as a race，was started by a man named Fred Lebow.

The increase in the 3.popularity of the New York City Marathon
Only 127 local people took part in the first race，and just 55 of them crossed the 4.finishing/finish line.
Nowadays，more than 27,000 people throughout the 5.world ran in the New York City Marathon.
The 6.course of the New York City Marathon
Rather than running around Central Park，the runners go through the five districts of New York City：Staten Island→Brooklyn→Queens→the Bronx→Manhattan.
It 7.takes the best runners less than 3 hours to finish the complete 26.2­mile course.
The New York City Marathon has changed a lot，but its 8.excitement never goes down.Many 9.unusual events have happened during the marathon.
In October 1994，Fred died.However，the New York City Marathon，and all its excitement，will never 10.die/stop.