工业机械分会-AVQ100-series.docx

The Industrial Machinery Division(IMD)工业机械分会 ELECTRIC CURRENT ABROAD 电流委员会 1997 Edition(Revised*)CONTENTS Introduction Key To Terms Used 所用术语 Plugs in Domestic and Commercial Use(Figure)家用和商用插座 Types of Plugs Used Abroad(Table)国外插座类型 Characteristics of Electric Current Abroad(Table)国外电网特征 INTRODUCTION To assist U.S.manufacturers,exporters and individuals living or traveling abroad,this publication lists the characteristics of electric current available and the type of attachment plugs used in most countries.It is an update of a similar handbook published in 1991.The tables indicate the type of current(alternating or direct current),number of phases,frequency(hertz),and voltage,as well as the stability of the frequency and the number of wires to a commercial or residential installation.This information pertains to domestic and commercial service only.It does not apply to special commercial installations involving relatively high voltage requirements or to industrial installations.为帮助美国制造商、出口商和旅居国外人士，本文列出了大多数国家所用插座及电网的特征，是对 1991 年版的相似手册的更新，本表列出了家用电器或商用电器的电流类型（交流或直流），相数，频率(赫兹)，电压，频率的稳定性，线数。这些信息只用于商用电器和家用电器，不适用于有高压要求的特别的商用电器或工业设备。For most countries listed here,two nominal voltages are given.The lower voltages are used primarily for lighting and smaller appliances,while the higher voltages are used primarily for air conditioners,heating,and other large appliances.Travelers planning to use or ship appliances abroad should acquaint themselves with the characteristics of the electric supply available in the area in which the appliance is to be used.In some cases,a transformer may be used to correct the voltage.However,if the appliance requires exact timing or speed and if the frequency of the foreign electricity supply differs from the one the appliance was designed for,it is advisable to use an appliance designed for the foreign frequency since auxiliary equipment to change frequency is bulky and expensive.Some foreign hotels have circuits providing approximately 120 volts which allow guests to use electric shavers and other low-wattage U.S.appliances.对于这里列出的多数国家给出了两个额定电压，低的用于照明及小型电器，高的用于空调、加热炉和其他大型电器，旅居者要在国外使用电器，需要熟悉所在地的电网特征，某些情况下可以用变压器来获得所需要的电压，然而当所用电器要求精确的计时或速度，或者电源频率与这个电器设计所需的频率不同时，就需要使用与电源频率相同的电器，因为能改变频率的辅助设备不仅笨重还很昂贵，某些国外的旅馆提供约 120 伏的电压，以使客人能用电动剃须刀及其他美国产的低压电器。The information presented here was compiled over a period of months from a large number of sources.Consequently,there is some possibility of errors or omissions for which the Department of Commerce cannot assume responsibility.In addition,this information should not be taken as final in the case of industrial or highly specialized commercial installations.It would be impossible for the Department to maintain complete data on every foreign industrial installation.For special equipment for commercial use or heavy equipment for industrial use,the current characteristics for the area of installation should be obtained from the end user.本文所用的信息来源于大量的长期资料汇编而成，因而可能会有错误或者疏漏，对此商务部无法负责，另外，对于工业设备或较为专业的商业设备本文的信息不应视为最终版本，对商务部来说，要想获得每一个国家的工业设备的全套完整的数据资料是不可能的。对于专业的商业设备或重型工业设备，要从最终用户那里了解所在地区的电网特征。The 1997 edition was prepared by the Trade Development unit in the International Trade Administration,U.S.Department of Commerce.The information was compiled by John J.Bodson,industry specialist in the Office of Energy,Infrastructure,and Machinery.Editing,desktop publishing,and production were done by the Trade Information Division of the Office of Trade and Economic Analysis.1997 版由美国商务部国际贸易管理局贸易发展处筹划，由能源机械办公室的工业专家约翰伯绅整理，贸易与经济分析办公室贸易信息处编辑出版。The cooperation of various government and private agencies in providing data is gratefully acknowledged.Special thanks go to the Commercial Service of the U.S.Department of Commerce and the Foreign Service of the U.S.Department of State.在此对各个政府和民间机构提供数据资料等合作深表感谢，特别感谢美国商务部商务服务处和国务院外务处。KEY TO TERMS Type of current-a.c.indicates alternating current and d.c.,direct current.电源类型ac 交流电 dc 直流电 Frequency-Shown in number of hertz(cycles per second).Note that even if voltages are similar,a 60-hertz U.S.clock or tape recorder will not function properly on 50 hertz current.频率赫兹数（每秒周期数）注意：即便电压相同，60 赫兹的美国时钟或录音机是不能在50 赫兹的电源下正常工作。Number of phases-1 and 3 are the conventional phases which may be available.相数1 和 3 是常规的相数 Nominal voltages-The term nominal voltage is used to denote the reported voltage in use in the majority of residential and commercial establishments in the country or city.Direct current nominal voltages are 110/220 and 120/240.The lower voltage is always 1/2 of the higher voltage.On a direct current installation,the lower voltage requires two wires while the higher voltage requires three wires.额定电压额定电压用于注明所称电压在某国家或城市的家用或商用设备中是主要主流。直流额定电压是 110/220 和 120/240。低电压是高电压的 1/2。对于直流设备，低压要求两线，而高压要求三线。Alternating current is normally distributed either through 3 phase wye(star)or delta(triangle),4-wire secondary distribution systems.In the wye or star distribution system the nominal voltage examples are 120/208,127/220,220/380,and 230/400.The higher voltage is 1.732(the square root of 3)times the lower voltage.In a delta or triangle system,110/220 and 230/460 are examples of nominal voltages.The higher voltage is always double the lower voltage.The higher voltage is obtained by using 2 or 3 phase wires and the neutral wire while the lower voltage is the voltage between the neutral wire and one phase wire.The higher voltage may be single or 3 phase while the lower voltage is always single phase and used primarily for lighting and for small appliances.交流电通常是三相 wye（星形）或 delta（三角形）副边四线电网。对于 wye 或星形系统额定电压为：120/208，220/380，230/400。高压是低压的 1.732（根号 3）倍。在三角形系统中额定电压为：110/220，230/460。高压是低压的两倍，高压是 2 或 3 相的线电压，而低压为相电压。高压为单相或三相，而低压通常为单相，主要用于照明和小电器。Type of attachment plug in use-Attachment plugs used throughout the world come in various forms,dimensions and configurations too numerous to describe in this report.This report does,however,attempt to point out the basic and most commonly used types of plugs by country.Adapters may be purchased to change from the American type to other types.所用插座类型插座在世界各地都广为使用，有着各种不同的形状尺寸和规格，数量巨大无法在本文中详述。但本文试图列举出各国所用的最通用的基本的插座。可以购买转接座来转接美国型插座和其他型插座。Number of wires to the consumer-The number of wires which may be used by the consumer is shown.Normally,a single phase,220/380 volt system or 127/220 system will have two wires if only the lower voltage is available(one phase wire and the neutral).It will have three wires if both the higher and lower voltages are available(two phase wires and the neutral)and where three phase motors will be used,four wires will be available for the higher voltage(the three phase wires and the neutral wire).到用户端的线数表明用户可能用到的线数，通常，只有低压的单相 220/380 或 127/220 系统只要两线（一相线和中线），既需高压又需低压则要三线（两相线和中线），可以使用三相电机，对于更高电压就需要四线（三相线和中线）。Frequency stability-Yes indicates that the frequency stability is stable and that service interruptions are rare.频率稳定性“Yes”表示频率稳定性是持久的，电网的中断很罕见。TYPES OF PLUGS IN DOMESTIC AND COMMERCIAL USE 家用和商用插座类型 Type A Flat blade attachment plug Type B Flat blade with round grounding pin Type C Round pin attachment plug Type D Round pins with ground Type E Round pin plug and recepticle Type F Schuko plug and recepticle with male grounding pin with side grounding contacts Type G Rectangular blade plug Type H Oblique flat blades with ground Type I Oblique flat blade with ground Type J Round pins with ground Type K Round pins with ground Type L Round pins with ground TYPES OF PLUGS USED ABROAD 国外插座类型-国家 Country 插座类型 Plug Type-阿富汗 Afghanistan D 阿尔巴尼亚 Albania C 阿尔及利亚 Algeria C,F 安哥拉 Angola C 阿根廷 Argentina C,I 澳大利亚Australia I 奥地利Austria C 巴哈马 Bahamas A,B 巴林 Bahrain G 孟加拉国 Bangladesh A,C,D 巴巴多斯 Barbados A,B,F,H 白俄罗斯 Belarus C 比利时Belgium A,C,E 伯里兹 Belize A,B,H 贝宁 Benin D 百慕大 Bermuda A,B 玻利维亚 Bolivia A,C 博茨瓦纳 Botswana C,D,H 巴西 Brazil A,B,C 文莱 Brunei G 保加利亚 Bulgaria F 布吉纳发索 Burkina Faso B,E 缅甸 Burma C,D,F 布隆迪 Burundi C,E 喀麦隆 Cameroon C,E 加拿大Canada B 加拿利群岛 Canary Islands C,E 佛得角 Cape Verde,Rep.of C,F 开曼群岛 Cayman Islands A,B 中非 Central African Republic.C,E 乍得 Chad E 智利 Chile C,F,L 中国China,Peoples Rep.of C,D,G,H 哥伦比亚 Colombia A,B 刚果 Congo,Dem.Rep of(form.Zaire)E 刚果 Congo,Peoples Rep.of C,E 哥斯达黎加 Costa Rica A,B 塞普路斯 Cyprus G 捷克（Czech R.）Czech Republic E 丹麦（Denmark）Denmark C,K 吉布提 Djibouti,Rep.of C,E 多米尼加 Dominican Republic A 厄瓜多尔 Ecuador A,B,C,D 埃及 Egypt C 萨尔瓦多，El Salvador A,B,C,D,E,F,G,I,J,L 英格兰 England C,G 赤道几内亚 Equatorial Guinea C,E 厄立特里亚，Eritrea C 埃塞俄比亚 Ethiopia C 斐济 Fiji I 芬兰Finland C,F 法国France E 加蓬 Gabon D,E 冈比亚 Gambia,The G 德国Germany,Fed.Rep.of F 加纳 Ghana D,G 直布罗驼 Gibraltar C,G 希腊Greece C,F 格陵兰岛 Greenland C,K 格林纳达 Grenada G 危地马拉 Guatemala A,B,G,H,I 几内亚 Guinea C,F,K 几内亚比索，几内亚比绍，Guinea-Bissau C 圭亚那 Guyana A,H 海地 Haiti A,B,H 洪都拉斯 Honduras A 香港 Hong Kong H 匈牙利Hungary C,F 冰岛 Iceland B 印度India C,D,G 印度尼西亚 Indonesia C,E,F 爱尔兰Ireland C,G 以色列Israel C,H 意大利Italy L 象牙海岸 Ivory Coast C,E 牙买加 Jamaica A,B,C,D 日本Japan A,B,I 约旦 Jordan C,F,G,L 哈萨克斯坦 Kazakstan C,G,H 肯尼亚 Kenya G 韩国Korea C 科威特 Kuwait C,G 老挝 Laos A,B,C,E,F 黎巴嫩 Lebanon A,B,C,D,G 莱索托 Lesotho D 利比里亚，利比亚 Liberia A,B 卢森堡 Luxembourg F 马其顿 Macedonia C,F 马达加斯加 Madagascar C,D,E,J,K 马拉维 Malawi G 马来群岛Malaysia G 马里 Mali,Rep.of C,E 马耳他 Malta G 毛里塔尼亚 Mauritania C 毛里求斯 Mauritius G 墨西哥Mexico A,B 摩纳哥 Monaco C,D,E,F 摩洛哥 Morocco C,E 莫桑比克 Mozambique C,D,F 纳米比亚 Namibia C 尼泊尔 Nepal C,D 荷兰Netherlands F 新西兰New Zealand H 尼加拉瓜 Nicaragua A 尼日尔 Niger A,C,E 尼日利亚 Nigeria C,D,H 北爱尔兰 Northern Ireland A,C,H 挪威Norway C,F 阿曼 Oman H 巴基斯坦 Pakistan B,C,D 帕劳 Palau A,B 巴拿马 Panama A,B,I 巴拉圭 Paraguay C 秘鲁 Peru A,C 菲律宾 Philippines A,B,C 波兰Poland C,E 葡萄牙Portugal C,F 卡塔尔 Qatar D,G 罗马尼亚Romania C,F 俄罗斯Russia C 卢旺达 Rwanda C,J 沙特阿拉伯 Saudi Arabia A,B,G 苏格兰 Scotland C,G 塞内加尔 Senegal C,D,E,K 塞比亚蒙特尼罗 Serbia-Montenegro F 塞舌尔 Seychelles D,塞拉里昂 Sierra Leone D,G 新加坡Singapore B,H 斯洛伐克Slovak Republic E 索马里 Somalia C 南非South Africa D 西班牙Spain C,F 斯里兰卡 Sri Lanka D 苏丹 Sudan C,D 苏里南 Suriname C,F 斯威士兰 Swaziland D 瑞典Sweden C,F 瑞士Switzerland C,E,J 叙利亚 Syria C 斯洛文尼亚（Slovenia）塔吉克斯坦 Tajikistan C,I 塔希提岛 Tahiti A 台湾 Taiwan A,B 坦桑尼亚 Tanzania D,G 泰国 Thailand A,B,C,D,E,G,J,K 多哥 Togo C 特利尼达多巴哥 Trinidad and Tobago A,B 突尼斯 Tunisia C,E 土耳其（Turkey）Turkey C,F 土库曼斯坦 Turkmenistan B,F 乌干达 Uganda G 乌克兰（Ukraine）Ukraine C 阿联酋 United Arab Emirates C,D,G 乌拉圭 Uruguay C,F,I,L 乌兹别克斯坦 Uzbekistan C,I 英国（United Kingdom）美国（USA）委内瑞拉 Venezuela A,B,H 威尔士 Wales C,G 西萨摩亚 Western Samoa H 也门 Yemen,Rep.of A,D,G 南斯拉夫（Yugoslavia）赞比亚 Zambia C,D,G 津巴布韦 Zimbabwe D,G 国外电源特征 CHARACTERISTICS OF ELECTRIC CURRENT USED ABROAD-国家或城市 插座类型 电源类型和频率 相数 额定电压 线数 对电子表的频率稳定性 Frequency Country Type and Number Nominal Number stable enough or city frequency of phases voltage of wires for electric of current clocks-阿富汗 Afghanistan D a.c.50 1,3 220/380 2,4 yes 阿尔巴尼亚 Albania C a.c.50 1,3 220/380 2,4 no 阿尔及利亚 Algeria C,F a.c.50 1,3 127/220 2,4 yes 220/380 安哥拉 Angola/1/2/3 C a.c.50 1,3 220/380 2,4 yes 阿根廷 Argentina C,I a.c.50 1,3 220/380 2,4 yes d.c.220/440 2,3 yes 澳大利亚Australia/1/2 I a.c.50 1,3 240/415 2,3,4 yes 奥地利Austria/1/2 C a.c.50 1,3 220/380 3,5 yes 巴哈马 Bahamas A,B a.c.60 1,3 120/240 2,3,4 yes 120/208 巴林 Bahrain/1/2 G a.c.50 1,3 230/400 2,3,4 yes d.c.60 1 110/115 3 yes 孟加拉国 Bangladesh/1/2/3 A,C,D a.c.50 1,3 220/440 3,4 no 巴巴多斯 Barbados/1/2 A,B,F,H a.c.50 1,3 115/230 2,3,4 yes 115/200 白俄罗斯 Belarus C a.c.50 1,3 220/380 2,4 yes 比利时Belgium/1/2 A,C,E a.c.50 1,3 220/400 2,3,4 yes 伯里兹 Belize/1/3 A,B,H a.c.60 1,3 110/220 2,3,4 yes 220/440 贝宁 Benin D a.c.50 1,3 220/380 2,4 yes 百慕大 Bermuda/1/2/3 A,B a.c.60 1,3 120/240 2,3,4 yes 120/208 玻利维亚 Bolivia A,C a.c.50 1,3 110/220 2,4 yes 博茨瓦纳 Botswana C,D,H a.c.50 1,3 231/400 2,4 yes 巴西 Brazil/1 A,B,C Alagoinhas a.c.60 1,3 127/220 2,3,4 yes Americana a.c.60 1,3 127/220 2,3,4 yes Anapolis a.c.60 1,3 220/380 2,3,4 yes 阿拉加左 Aracaju a.c.60 1,3 127/220 2,3,4 yes Aracatuba a.c.60 1,3 127/220 2,3,4 yes Araraquara a.c.60 1,3 127/220 2,3,4 yes Bage a.c.60 1,3 220/380 2,3,4 yes Baixo Guandu a.c.60 1,3 127/220 2,3,4 yes Barbacena a.c.60 1,3 127/220 2,3,4 yes Barra Mansa a.c.60 1,3 127/220 2,3,4 yes Barretos a.c.60 1,3 127/220 2,3,4 yes 包鲁 Bauru a.c.60 1,3 127/220 2,3,4 yes 贝伦 Belem a.c.60 1,3 127/220 2,3,4 yes Belo Horizonte a.c.60 1,3 127/220 2,3,4 yes Blumenau a.c.60 1,3 220/380 2,3 yes Boa Vista a.c.60 1,3 127/220 2,3,4 yes (Rio Branco)Botucatu a.c.60 1,3 127/220 2,3,4 yes Braganca a.c.60 1,3 127/220 2,3,4 yes Brazilia,D.F.a.c.60 1,3 220/380 2,3,4 yes Cachoeira a.c.60 1,3 127/220 2,3,4 yes Cachoeira do a.c.60 1,3 127/220 2,3,4 yes Itapemirim Campinas a.c.60 1,3 127/220 2,3,4 yes Campos a.c.60 1,3 127/220 2,3,4 no Caruaru a.c.60 1,3 220/380 2,3,4 yes Caxias do Sul a.c.60 1,3 220/380 2,3,4 yes Cel Fabriciano a.c.60 1,3 110/220 2,3 yes Cidade Industrial a.c.60 1,3 127/220 2,3,4 yes (Betim)Colatina a.c.60 1,3 127/220 2,3,4 yes Corumba a.c.60 1,3 127/220 2,3,4 yes Curitiba a.c.60 1,3 127/220 2,3,4 yes Feira de Santana a.c.60 1,3 127/220 2,3,4 yes Florianopolis a.c.60 1,3 220/380 2,3,4 yes 福塔雷萨 Fortaleza a.c.60 1,3 220/380 2,3,4 yes 圣保罗 Franca(Sao Paulo)a.c.60 1,3 127/220 2,3,4 yes 戈亚尼亚 Goiania a.c.60 1,3 220/380 2,3,4 yes Goias a.c.60 1,3 220/380 2,3,4 yes Governador a.c.60 1,3 127/220 2,3,4 yes Valadares Ilheus a.c.60 1,3 127/220 2,3,4 yes Itabuana a.c.60 1,3 127/220 2,3,4 yes Itajai a.c.60 1,3 220/380 2,3 yes Jequie a.c.60 1,3 220/380 2,3,4 yes Joao Pessoa a.c.60 1,3 220/380 2,3,4 yes Joinville a.c.60 1,3 220/380 2,3,4 yes Juiz de Fora a.c.60 1,3 120/240 2,3,4 yes Jundiai a.c.60 1,3 220 2,3 yes Livramento a.c.60 1,3 220/380 2,3,4 yes Londrina a.c.60 1,3 127/220 2,3,4 yes 马卡帕 Macapa a.c.60 1,3 127/220 2,3 yes 马塞约 Maceio(Alagoas)a.c.60 1,3 220/380 2,3,4 yes 马瑙斯 Manaus a.c.60 1,3 110/220 2,3 yes Marilia a.c.60 1,3 127/220 2,3,4 yes Mossoro a.c.60 1,3 220/380 2,3,4 yes 纳塔尔 Natal a.c.60 1,3 220/380 2,3,4 yes (Rio Grando Norte)Niteroi a.c.60 1,3 127/220 2,3,4 yes Nova Friburgo a.c.60 1,3 220/380 2,3 yes Olinda a.c.60 1,3 220/380 2,3,4 yes Ouro Preto a.c.50 1,3 127/220 2,3,4 yes Paranagua a.c.60 1,3 127/220 2,3 yes Parnaiba a.c.60 1,3 220/380 2,3 yes Paulista a.c.60 1,3 127/220 2,3,4 yes 佩洛塔斯 Pelotas a.c.60 1,3 220/380 2,3,4 yes 佩特罗波利斯 Petropolis a.c.60 1,3 127/220 2,3,4 yes Piracicaba a.c.60 1,3 127/220 2,3,4 yes Ponta Grossa a.c.60 1,3 127/220 2,3 yes Porto Alegre a.c.60 1,3 127/220 2,3,4 yes Porto Velho a.c.60 1,3 127/220 2,3 yes 累西腓 Recife a.c.60 1,3 220/380 2,3,4 yes Ribeirao Preto a.c.60 1,3 127/220 2,3,4 yes Rio Branco a.c.60 1,3 127/220 2,3,4 yes 里约热内卢 Rio de Janeiro a.c.60 1,3 127/220 2,3,4 yes 萨尔瓦多 Salvador a.c.60 1,3 127/220 2,3,4 yes Santo Andr?a.c.60 1,3 127/220 2,3 yes 220/380 圣多斯 Santos a.c.60 1,3 127/220 2,3,4 yes Sao Bernardo a.c.60 1,3 220/380 2,3 yes do Campo Sao Caetano do Sul a.c.60 1,3 115/230 2,3 yes 圣路易斯 Sao Luis a.c.60 1,3 110/220 2,3 yes 圣保罗 Sao Paulo a.c.60 1,3 115/230 2,3 yes Sorocaba a.c.60 1,3 127/220 2,3,4 yes 特雷西纳 Teresina a.c.60 1,3 110/220 2,3 yes Uberaba a.c.60 1,3 127/220 2,3,4 yes 维多利亚 Vitoria a.c.60 1,3 127/220 2,3,4 yes Volta Redonda a.c.60 1,3 125/216 2,3,4 yes 文莱 Brunei/1/2 G a.c.50 1,3 240/415 2,4 yes 保加利亚Bulgaria F a.c.50 1,3 220/380 2,4 n