B2U9-Confessions-of-a-Miseducated-Man(课堂PPT).ppt

,Confessions of a Miseducated Man,Norman Cousins,1,2024/11/22 周五,R,einforcement,T,ext Analysis,Confessions of a Miseducated Man,B,ackground,W,arming up,Unit 9,2,2024/11/22 周五,Questions/Activities,Check-on Preview,Objectives,Warming up,Confessions of a Miseducated Man,Unit 9,3,2024/11/22 周五,What is a,confession,?,a formal statement that youve done sth.wrong or illegal;,a private statement to a priest about the bad things youve done;,Warming up,Questions/Activities,4,2024/11/22 周五,miseducated&uneducated,An,uneducated,person is one who has received no formal school education while a,miseducated,person is one who has received formal education but is educated in a wrong way.,Warming up,Questions/Activities,5,2024/11/22 周五,Did you well predict the topic of the essay?Why or why not?,What would you see as the biggest difference among human beings,language,religion,or political/ideological system?,What is their most important similarity?,Do you agree if some people say that globalization is the strategy of cultural differences?,Warming up,Questions/Activities,6,2024/11/22 周五,What does the author want to say in the essay?,Can you pick out the sentence(s)you think best express(es)his idea?,According to the author,what is the most important similarity among human beings?Do you agree with him on that?,What are those“superficial differences”?,Is it true that there are more similarities than differences in human beings?,Warming up,Questions/Activities,7,2024/11/22 周五,What are the basic lessons of a new education?And what is the importance of such a new education?,How would you relate the issue of this essay to that of,Another School YearWhat For,?and,The Green Banana,?,Warming up,Questions/Activities,8,2024/11/22 周五,Background,Culture Tips,Author,Genre,Time,Confessions of a Miseducated Man,Unit 9,9,2024/11/22 周五,Norman Cousins,1915-1990,Background,Author,10,2024/11/22 周五,Some of his life history possibly related to the essay,Norman Cousins,(19151990),Careers:,writer,editor,citizen diplomat,promoter of holistic healing,unflagging optimist,Lifelong Concerns:,war and peace,world governance,justice,human freedom,the human impact on the environment,health and wholeness,Background,Author,11,2024/11/22 周五,Some of his life history possibly related to the essay,Belief in world governance:,He believed that enduring world peace could only be achieved through effective world governance.,Belief in world federalism:,He argued for a world no longer based on the supremacy of nationalism and other superficial differences.,Contribution to peace and human well-being:,He arranged for medical treatment in USA for 24 young Japanese women who came to be known as the“Hiroshima Maidens”;,helped support the medical care of 400 Japanese children orphaned by the atomic bomb;,with his wife,legally adopted one of the Maidens;,helped create a program for the“35 Polish women who had been victims of Nazi medical experiments during the war”.,Background,Author,12,2024/11/22 周五,Some of his life history possibly related to the essay,Born in New Jersey,1915 and deceased in 1990;,Educated in and graduated from Columbia University Teachers College;,Editor of,Saturday Review,for 35 yrs;,Lifelong concerns including world peace,world governance,justice,human freedom,health,etc.;,Proponent of,world federalism,and world government;,Traveled extensively in Europe and Asia and then published,Who Speaks for Man?,in 1953;,Background,Author,13,2024/11/22 周五,Tribalism,Originally,tribalism refers to behavior and attitudes that are based on strong loyalty to tribe.Scholars believe that modern regionalism,racism,and nationalism are merely more refined forms of primitive tribalism.,Background,Author,14,2024/11/22 周五,GlobalizationIn his book,The Lexus and the Olive Tree,Thomas Friedman wrote:,“Globalization is not a phenomenon.It is not just some passing trend.Today it is an international system shaping the domestic politics and foreign relations of virtually every country,and we need to understand it itself.”As thoughtful people concerned about world affairs,our job is to pick up“globalization”,examine it from all sides,dissect it,and then nurture and promote the good parts and mitigate or slow down the bad parts.Globalization is much like fire.Fire itself is neither good nor bad.Used properly,it can cook food,sterilize equipment,form iron,and heat our homes.Used carelessly,fire can destroy lives,towns and forests in an instant.,Background,Author,15,2024/11/22 周五,What is world federalism?,World Federalism means having democratically accountable political institutions to deal with issues at the most appropriate level,according to the principle of subsidiary.,Background,Author,16,2024/11/22 周五,世界联邦主义,理想主义学派的一种解决国际冲突的模式,这种模式认为，要促进国际社会的合作与和谐，就必须自愿地拆除国家主权的藩篱，按照联邦与民主的原则，实现政府权力的集中化。换言之，世界各国应通过法律程序，在全球层面上建立一个世界政府。这个政府可以降低乃至消除战争，促进人类的幸福。,世界联邦主义的渊源可以追溯到,14,世纪的意大利诗人但丁。但丁在其代表作,论世界政府,中论述了“人的普遍性”，并且设想可以建构一个统一的世界国家。,现代世界联邦主义流行于第一次世界大战之后，最主要的代表人物就是当时的美国总统威尔逊。在两次世界大战之间，世界联邦主义形成了一个学派，该学派最关注的挑战就是使冲突最小化和使合作最大化。他们希望以尊重法律为基础建立世界秩序，希望人们能接受共同的价值观，并在此基础上建立国际组织乃至国际政府。,Background,Author,17,2024/11/22 周五,In the book,Cousins expanded his arguments for,world federalism,and for a world no longer based on the supremacy of nationalism and other superficial differences as follows:,“The new education must be less concerned with sophistication than compassion.It must recognize the hazards of tribalism.It must teach man the most difficult lesson of allto look at someone anywhere in the world and be able to see the image of himself.The old emphasis upon superficial differences that separate peoples must give way to education for citizenship in the human community.”,Cf.Para.7,Background,Author,18,2024/11/22 周五,And he continued,“With such an education and with such self-understanding,it is possible that some nation or people may come forward with the vital inspiration that men need no less than food.Leadership on this higher level does not require mountains of gold or thundering propaganda.It is concerned with human destiny.Human destiny is the issue.People will respond.”,Cf.Para.11,Background,Author,19,2024/11/22 周五,He concluded the book with:,“,War is an invention of the human mind.The human mind can invent peace with justice.,”,Background,Author,20,2024/11/22 周五,Detailed,Analysis,Structure,Theme,Unit 9,Text Analysis,Confessions of a Miseducated Man,21,2024/11/22 周五,Theme Comprehension,Fill in the blanks in the following sentences to grasp the main ideas of the article.,1.The author is making an open admission here that he is miseducated _.He is well-educated because it mainly talks tradition about differences differences in _,seriously inadequacy color appearance language _,_,_,_,art lifestyle religion politics _,music _,_,_,_ and terrain _ etc.between different regions,nations economic development and races.This education is useful for _ shock because it can prepare them against culture _ and rouse their curiosity.But it is useless today.wing sentences to grasp the main ideas of the article.differences,2.The _ the traditional education has emphasized are not important today.Today it is the similarities _ that we ought to know.But our education has failed to teach us that.,Text Analysis,Structure,22,2024/11/22 周五,Theme Comprehension,Fill in the blanks in the following sentences to grasp the main ideas of the article.,3.The reason why the seminaries should also be emphasized is simple.The world has become one little community _.We remote or separated are no longer so _ from each other.We have more and more in common.If we do not understand this,todays problems we will not be able to deal with _,and we will live in it not be able to _.Our greatest threat today is tribalism _ in all its disguised forms.4.What we need therefore is a new education which will give global people a _ perspective.The view is based on the fact hold life universe itself does not _ cheaply.We must respect lessons learn to _ the basic _ that all human beings share.,5.Apart from the respect for human life in the universe,we needs also need to understand the common _ of humanity,like air water food clean _,and _,_,and peace.We must work keep together to _ the delicate balance of our planet.,Text Analysis,Structure,23,2024/11/22 周五,1.The author is making an open admission here that he is _.He is well-educated because it mainly talks about differences differences in _,_,_,_,_,_,_,_,_,_ and _ etc.between different regions,nations and races.This education is useful for _ because it can prepare them against culture _ and rouse their curiosity.But it is useless today.,miseducated,tradition,seriously inadequacy,color,appearance,language,art,music,lifestyle,religion,politics,terrain,economic development,shock,Structure,Text Analysis,24,2024/11/22 周五,2.The _ the traditional education has emphasized are not important today.Today it is the _ that we ought to know.But our education has failed to teach us that.,differences,3.The reason why the seminaries should also be emphasized is simple.The world has become one _.We are no longer so _ from each other.We have more and more in common.If we do not understand this,we will not be able to deal with _,and we will not be able to _.Our greatest threat today is _ in all its disguised forms.,similarities,little community,remote or separated,todays problems,live in it,tribalism,Structure,Text Analysis,25,2024/11/22 周五,4.What we need therefore is a new education which will give people a _ perspective.The view is based on the fact universe itself does not _ cheaply.We must learn to _ the basic _ that all human beings share.,global,5.Apart from the respect for human life in the universe,we also need to understand the common _ of humanity,like clean _,and _,_,and peace.We must work together to _ the delicate balance of our planet.,hold life,respect,lessons,needs,air,water,food,keep,Structure,Text Analysis,26,2024/11/22 周五,6.The author _ his hope that some nation or people will understand this _ and be _ to lead us towards this human destiny.,expresses,situation,willing,Structure,Text Analysis,27,2024/11/22 周五,Part I(para.1),Part II(paras.2-6),Part III(paras.7-11),Introduction:What Im going to say in the article;,Awareness of my education being inadequate for a new time and a new world in its focus on the differences among peoples while bypassing the similarities among them;,A new type of education is therefore necessary,with which we can recognize the fact that human life is a rare occurrence,that all peoples belong to one single human species with common capacities,and are united with their common needs.With such vital understanding we can work together for the common welfare and for the human destiny;,Text Analysis,Structure,28,2024/11/22 周五,What kind of test does the author suggest?,What marks the differences between the world in 1850 and the world now?,Why is“Asia and Africa”the best place to apply the test?,What does the authors education teach him?Give examples.,Why does he say that his education“protected me against surprise”?,What does the education fail to teach him?Do you agree with him?,Detailed Analysis,Part II:Main Idea,Text Analysis,29,2024/11/22 周五,Text Analysis,Detailed Analysis,Part II:Main Idea,What time doe it possibly refer to in“at a time”at the end of para.4?,What is“the idea”in the first sentence of para.5?,What are the things“I had to forget”in para.5?,When was possibly“only a few years ago”?,What does“an education in differences of references”possibly mean?,30,2024/11/22 周五,Part II:Words&expressions,to put it to the test,adequate,enough,sufficient,a birds-eye view,to protect sb.against sth.,all but,be at home,to wipe out,to build on,to get through,Text Analysis,Detailed Analysis,31,2024/11/22 周五,Fill in the following blanks with,enough,sufficient,and,adequate.,He was not tall _ to carry a rifle.,We lacked_ funds to finish the project.,I dont think she is _ as the team leader.,enough,sufficient,adequate,Key Words and Expressions,Text Analysis,Detailed Analysis,32,2024/11/22 周五,Not that(para.3),We,ve been happy together for half a century,not that,we never quarreled.,I stopped and picked you up,not that,I was not afraid.,We will not include the chapter on constitutional law in this textbook.,Not that,it is irrelevant.It,s just too difficult for the students to understand.,她没买那件外套，并不是不喜欢，而是觉得太贵了,。,She did not buy the,coat,not that,she did not like it.She just felt that it was too expensive.,Text Analysis,Detailed Analysis,33,2024/11/22 周五,to protectagainst(para.3),to keep sb./sth.safe against/from,Kids should be,protected from,all that violence.,Its skin,protects,it,against,predators.,Take these vitamins to,protect against,minor infections.,我们已做好了一切准备以防营地被偷袭,。,Weve done all the preparations to,protect,the base,against,surprise attacks.,Text Analysis,Detailed Analysis,34,2024/11/22 周五,all but(para.4),almost completely,Their screams,all but,drowned out the music.,I,all but,got attacked by the two timber wolves when Maheegun came to my rescue.,我们差一点儿就输掉了比赛。,We,all but,lost the game.,Text Analysis,Detailed Analysis,35,2024/11/22 周五,to wipe out(para.4),to destroy,remove,get rid of pletely,Half the population was,wiped out,by plague,.,The heat has,wiped,me,out,.,(,informal,to make sb.feel extremely tired/exhausted),Compare:,The price will,wipe,the smile,off,his face.,In a few years this species could be,wiped off,the face of the earth.,=wipe away,erase,Text Analysis,Detailed Analysis,36,2024/11/22 周五,to act on(para.5),to do sth.because of,the one making no distinctions of good and evil,acting on,no principles,She is,acting on,the advice of her lawyers.,Police say they,acted on,information received.,他凡事都凭自愿。,He,acted on,his own initiative all the time.,Text Analysis,Detailed Analysis,37,2024/11/22 周五,to turn out(that)(para.5),to happen in a particular way,to see if they had any decent wines in that country.As it,turned out,they hadnt.,I was a bit doubtful at first,but it,turned out,to be a really good idea.,Text Analysis,Detailed Analysis,38,2024/11/22 周五,In short,my education protected me against surprise.(para.3),Paraphrasing:,In a word,the education I had had taught me enough about the differences among people so that I wouldnt feel surprised at what I saw,no matter how different they might be.,Detailed Analysis,Text Analysis,Part II:Sentence Paraphrase,39,2024/11/22 周五,But what my education failed to do was to teach me that the principal significance of such differences was that they were largely without significance.(para.4),Paraphrasing:,The education I had did not teach me to see the fact that the main meaning of recognizing such differences was that they were not meaningful in a great measure(if compared with the meaning of understanding the similarities).,但是它失败的地方在于它并没有教我知道注重差异是毫无意义的。,Play of words,What we have to fear is fear itself.(F.D.Roosevelt),The business of government is to keep the government out of businessthat is,unless business needs government aid.(Will Rogers),Text Analysis,Deta