1、(每日一练每日一练)2023)2023 年人教版高中英语必修一年人教版高中英语必修一 Unit5LanguagesAroundtheWorldUnit5LanguagesAroundtheWorld重点知识归纳重点知识归纳 单选题 1、Gillian Sandstorm,a senior lecturer in psychology at the University of Essex,investigated the extent _people get happiness from weak-tie relationships.AwhichBwhatCto whichDin which 答
2、案:C 考查定语从句。句意:埃塞克斯大学心理学高级讲师 Gillian Sandstorm 调查了人们从弱关系中获得幸福的程度。名词 extent 通常和介词 to 搭配,to the extent“的程度,到的程度”;空处引导定语从句,先行词 extent在从句中作介词 to 的宾语,应用 which。故选 C。小提示:2、Mike is taking notes of the grammatical rules in class at Sunshine School,where he _ English for a year.AstudiesBhad studiedChas been st
3、udyingDstudied 答案:C 考查时态。句意:Mike 正在阳光学校的课上记关于语法的笔记,他已经在阳光学校上了一年学了。根据for a year 可知,此处应用完成时,且此处表示动作从过去持续到现在,并且还有可能继续持续下去,故应用现在完成进行时,故选 C。3、More and more people are learning English,_ has drawn much attention of the public.Athe importanceBthe important Cthe importance of whichDthe importance of it 答案:C
4、 考查定语从句关系词。句意:越来越多的人学英语,学习英语的重要性已经引起大众的注意。分析句子可知是定语从句,先行词为前面的先行词,作 of 的宾语,关系代词为 which。故选 C 项。4、I reached into my wallet _ I dont usually have cash and pulled out all.AwhichBwhereCwhenDwho 答案:B 考查定语从句。句意:我把手伸进我通常没有现金的钱包里,把所有的钱都拿出来了。A.which 哪一个;B.where 哪里;C.when 什么时候;D.who 谁。分析句型可知,空格处应该填入一个词引导定语从句。从句
5、中缺少状语,且先行词是 wallet(表示地点),where 最符合题意。故选 B 项。5、Companies should understand the risks _ they are exposed and monitor their control environments adequately.Aon whichBin whichCto whichDwith which 答案:C 考查定语从句。句意:公司应该了解他们所面临的风险,并充分监控他们的控制环境。分析句子,此处考查介词+关系代词引导定语从句时,介词的选择。从句中的动词 expose 译为“使曝光”,根据句意译为“暴露于”为e
6、xposeto,是固定搭配。to 可提至关系代词 which 前。故选 C 项。6、Offered the position of CEO,Mr Smith_,preferring to keep his current job.AstruggledBdeclinedCappliedDcharged 答案:B 考查动词词义辨析。句意:在获得首席执行官这一职位后,史密斯拒绝了,他更愿意保持目前的工作。A.struggled 挣扎;B.declined 拒绝;C.applied 申请;D.charged 控诉,收费,充电。根据空格后可知,Mr.Smith 更愿意保持当前的工作,可知他拒绝了 CEO
7、 这个职位。故选 B 项。7、As theyre handmade,each one _ slightly in shape.AvariousBvariedCvariesDvariety 答案:C 考查一般现在时。句意:因为它们都是手工制作的,每一个在形状上都稍有不同。这是一个由 as 引导的原因状语从句,分析主句可知,句子缺谓语动词,所以空格处应填动词。故排除 A(various 不同的,形容词)与 D(variety 不同种类,多种式样 名词)。从句使用的一般现在时,根据句意,空格处也应使用一般现在时。故选 C。8、The _ boy hasnt turned up for several
8、 day,but one day he was caught _ in the street.Amissed,to begBmissed,begging Cmissing,beggingDmissing,begged 答案:C 考查形容词和非谓语动词。句意:那个失踪的男孩已经好几天没出现了,但有一天他在街上乞讨时被发现了。形容词 missing“失踪的”,此处作定语修饰名词 boy;第二空应用非谓语动词作主语补足语,逻辑主语 he 和 beg之间是主动关系,且表动作正在进行,应用现在分词。故选 C。9、In our mind,Professor Wang is a learned and ki
9、nd man,so we showed our _for him.AattentionBrespectCstruggleDrequest 答案:B 考查名词词义辨析。句意:在我们心目中,王教授是一个博学的,和蔼的人,因此,我们对他很尊敬。A.attention 注意;B.respect 尊敬;C.struggle 斗争;D.request 请求。根据“Professor Wang is a learned and kind man”可知,在我们心目中,王教授是一个博学的,和蔼的人,因此,我们对他很尊敬。show our respect for(向某人表敬意)可知,选 B。10、There ar
10、e many reasons _ people learn a foreign language.AwhyBwhichCthatDwhere 答案:A 考查定语从句。句意:人们学习外语的原因有很多。此处为定语从句修饰先行词 reasons,先行词在从句中作原因状语,故用 why 引导。故选 A。11、_ lack of experience with a task of that scale,she was far from being a failure.AExcept forBAlthoughCDespiteDEven though 答案:C 考查介词(短语)和连词(短语)。句意:尽管她对
11、这么大规模的任务缺乏经验,但她绝不是一个失败者。A.Except for 除之外(介词短语);B.Although 尽管(连词);C.Despite 尽管(介词);D.Even though 尽管,即使(连词短语)。根据名词 lack 可知,前用介词(短语)。再根据“she was far from being a failure.”可知,前后为转折关系。故选 C。12、The man _ you borrowed the camera has left for New York.AwhoBfrom whomCto whoDthat 答案:B 考查定语从句。句意:你向他借相机的那个人已经去纽约
12、了。分析句子可知,句子为限制性定语从句,先行词为“man”,句中涉及固定短语“borrow sth.from sb.”,意为“向某人借某物”,先行词“man”在从句中作“from”的宾语,指人,故应用“介词 from+关系代词 whom”引导从句,空格处应填“from whom”。故选 B 项。13、There was a time _,if a lady got onto a crowded bus or train,a gentleman would immediately stand up and offer her his seat.AwhileBasCwhenDunless 答案:C
13、 考查关系副词。句意:曾经有一段时间,如果女士上了拥挤的公共汽车或火车,男士会立即站起来给她让座。表示“曾经有一段时间”是 there was a time when,先行词是 time,在定语从句中作时间状语,用 when 引导定语从句。故选 C。14、Would you mind if I _you a personal question?AaskBaskingCwill askedDasked 答案:D 考查虚拟语气。句意:你介意我问你一个私人问题吗?在“Would you mind if 从句”句型中,从句谓语常用一般过去时进行虚拟,故选 D。15、Perhaps a settler
14、would demand an Indian _ off the settlers land.AstayingBto stayCstayedDstay 答案:D 考查非谓语动词。句意:也许殖民者会要求印第安人远离他们的土地。分析句子结构可知,本句谓语动词demand,后接从句用虚拟语气,谓语动词用 should+动词原形,should 可以省略,demand sb.to do sth.是错误结构,demand 后不能跟不定式作宾语补足语。故选 D 项。16、My attitude_him is that of a friend.AtoBasConDFor 答案:A 考查介词搭配。句意:我对他的
15、态度是朋友的态度。A.to 朝、对于;B.as 作为、正如;C.on 在之上;D.for 为了。分析句意再根据 attitude 可知,此处用介词 to 与 attitude 构成固定搭配,表示“对的态度”符合语境。故选 A 项。17、Unsuccessful people can always find reasons _ theyre not doing well.Afor whichBthatCof whichDwhere 答案:A 考查定语从句。句意:没有成功的人总是能找到他们做不好的理由。分析句子结构可知,空格前 reasons 作先行词,空格处应填定语从句的引导词,分析从句成分可知
16、,从句中缺少状语,所以应用 why 或 for which 引导定语从句。故选 A。18、The way _ you used to make fire _ right.A/,proved Bthat,was proved Cin which,proved Dwhat,has been proved 答案:A 考查定语从句和 prove 用法。句意:你使用的生火方法证明是对的。分析句子可知,第一空引导定语从句,修饰先行词 way,其意为“方式”,定语从句引导词可用 that 或 in which,也可省略;第二空用 prove 作连系动词,其意为“证明是,结果是”,后接形容词 right 作表
17、语,根据句意,应用一般过去时态。故选 A 项。19、He is an expert on rice planting _ the local Zhuang people have learnt a lot.Aby whichBfrom whomCby whomDfrom which 答案:B 考查定语从句。句意:他是一个水稻种植专家,当地的壮族人从他那儿已经学会了很多。分析句子成分可知,这是一个限制性定语从句,先行词 expert,意为“专家”;又根据固定搭配 learn sth.from sb.意为“从某人那儿学到”,所以应该用介词 from;因此本句中,先行词为 expert,指人,关系代
18、词放在介词之后只能用 whom,做定语从句的介词宾语。故选 B 项。20、The island _ he lived with his children is far from the town.AwhichBfor whichCwhoDon which 答案:D 考查定语从句。句意:他和孩子们居住的岛离城镇很远。分析句子可知,句子为限制性定语从句,先行词为“island”,句中涉及固定短语“live on”,意为“住在上”,先行词“island”作介词“on”的宾语,指物,故应用“介词 on+关系代词 which”引导从句,故空格处应填“on which”。故选 D 项。21、He has
19、been preparing for the conference since last week _ he will deliver a speech on the reform of the company.AwhereBthatCwhenDwhich 答案:A 考查定语从句。句意:从上周开始,他一直在为会议做准备,他将在会上就公司的改革发表演讲。分析句子可知,此处引导限制性定语从句,先行词为 the conference,在从句中作地点状语,意为“在会上”,所以此处用关系副词 where 引导从句。故选 A。22、Mr.Smith owned this oil painting unti
20、l the early 1990s,_ he gave it to his grandson.AwhichBwhenCthatDon which 答案:B 考查定语从句。句意:史密斯先生一直拥有这幅油画,直到 20 世纪 90 年代初,那时候他把它送给了孙子。句中包含定语从句,先行词是 the early 1990s,在定语从句中作时间状语,用关系副词 when 引导。故选 B。23、Middle School attached to Shanghai Normal university,Minhang campus will reach its _ of over 700 students
21、this September.AtargetBstruggleCbalanceDcontact 答案:A 考查名词词义辨析。句意:上海师范大学附属中学闵行校区将于今年 9 月达到 700 多名学生的目标。A.target目标;B.struggle 奋斗,努力;C.balance 平衡;D.contact 联系。根据句意,设空处应表示“学校的目标”,故填名词 target,作宾语。故选 A。24、He has reached a point of his life_he is supposed to make decisions of his own.AwhichBwhereChowDwhy 答
22、案:B 考查定语从句。句意:他已经到了应该自己做决定的人生阶段。分析句子结构可知,空格处引导限定性定语从句,先行词“point of his life”是抽象地点,在从句中作地点状语,应用关系副词 where 引导。故选 B。25、Life is like a long race _ we compete with each other to go beyond ourselves.AwhereBwhichCthatDwhat 答案:A 考查定语从句。句意:生活就像一场长跑,我们彼此竞争,超越自我。空格后的句子是由 a long race 所引导的定语从句。在定语从句中,缺地点状语,表示在这场
23、长跑中,所以我们用关系副词 where 进行引导。故此题选A。26、Notices in the waiting room requested that you can neither smoke _ shout loudly.AandBorCsoDnor 答案:D 考查并列连词辨析。句意:候车室里的告示要求你不能抽烟,也不能大声喊叫。A.and 和,跟;B.or 或者;C.so 所以;D.nor 也不。由语意可知,告示应要求人们既不能吸烟,也不能大声喊叫。neither nor为固定搭配,表示“既不也不”。故选 D 项。27、This is the place_ John was born?
24、AwhichBwhereCwhenDthat 答案:B 考查定语从句。句意:这是约翰出生的地方吗?根据题意可知,这是一个定语从句,先行词是地点 the place,在定语从句中作状语,因此使用联系词 where 引导定语从句。故选 B 项。小提示:28、The accident has reached to the point _both their parents are to be called in.Afor whichBwhenCwhichDwhere 答案:D 考查定语从句。句意:事情发展到如此地步,不得不请双方家长来一趟了。分析句子结构可知,这是一个限制性定语从句,先行词 poin
25、t 在从句中作地点状语,应该用关系副词 where 引导从句。故选 D 项。29、She is going through a difficult phase _ she will not only complete her college course but also look after her sick father.AwhereBwhatCwhichDwhy 答案:A 考查定语从句。句意:她正在经历一个困难的阶段,她不仅要完成大学课程,还要照顾生病的父亲。空处引导一个定语从句,先行词是 phase,表示“阶段,时期”,表示抽象的地点,关系词在从句中作地点状语,应用where 引导,故
26、选 A 项。30、If a shopping mall has chairs_ women can park their men,women will spend more time in it.AwhichBthatCwhereDwhen 答案:C 考查定语从句。句意:如果商店有椅子,可供女人们安顿他们的丈夫,女人们在商店就会花更多时间。分析句子可知,空格处引导定语从句,从句中不缺主语或宾语,先行词为 chairs,是地点,因此空格处用关系副词where,故选 C。完成句子 31、Building the terraces therefore meant that they could in
27、crease the areas _ they could grow rice.因此,建造梯田意味着他们能够扩大水稻种植的面积。答案:in which/where 考查定语从句。分析句子可知,句子为限制性定语从句,先行词为“areas”,在从句中作地点状语,故应用关系副词“where”引导从句,或用“介词 in+关系代词 which”引导从句,即“they could grow rice in the areas”。故填in which/where。32、It is the _ _ _ of life that makes us grow.正是生活中的起起落落让我们得以成长。答案:ups an
28、d downs 考查固定搭配。结合句意可知在定冠词 the 后用名词短语 ups and downs,意为“起起落落,浮沉;兴衰”,the ups and downs of life(生活中的起起落落)在句中是主语,放在了强调句式的被强调部分。故填ups and downs。33、无论你在哪里,无论你在做什么,你都可以和朋友保持联系。(where)You can stay in touch with friends _ you are or what you are doing.答案:no matter where 考查让步状语从句。空处引导让步状语从句,“无论”应用 no matter+疑问
29、词,“在哪里”应用 where,故填no matter where。34、During their visit to that country,they_.在他们访问那个国家期间,他们与当地人愉快地交流。答案:communicated with natives happily 考查时态、动词短语和副词。“与某人交流”可译为 communicate with sb.,“当地人”可译为 natives。根据原文可知,句子描述的是过去发生的动作,因此用一般过去时。“愉快地”可译为 happily,作状语。故填communicated with natives happily。35、我身处北极圈内,这
30、里的夏天没有日落。Im above the Arctic Circle_.答案:where in summer the sun never sets 考查定语从句和动词时态。表示“这里的夏天没有日落”应用 where in summer the sun never sets;where 引导定语从句,指代先行词 the Arctic Circle,在定语从句中作地点状语,in summer 意为“在夏天”;the sun 意为“太阳”;never 意为“没有”;set 意为“日落”;此处陈述客观事实,使用一般现在时,主语为单数名词,谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式。故填 where in summ
31、er the sun never sets。36、尽管生病了,怀特先生还是来参加了毕业典礼。_ illness,Mr White attended the graduation ceremony.答案:Despite/In spite of 考查介词(短语)。根据句意和句子结构,此处需要表示“尽管”的介词(短语)与空后的名词 illness 构成介宾短语,故填 Despite/In spite of。37、I thought the book _ _ by Mr.White was well worth reading.我认为怀特先生提到的那本书很值得一读。答案:referred to 考查动
32、词短语。空处表示“提到”,使用动词短语 refer to,和 book 之间是动宾关系,应用过去分词作后置定语。故填referredto。38、追溯到 18 世纪,京剧已经有两百多年的历史了。_ _ _ the 18th century,Peking Opera has over two hundred years of history.答案:Dating back to 考查固定搭配和现在分词。根据句意可知,设空处表达的含义为“追溯到”,需要用到动词短语 date back to;分析句子成分和句子结构可知,句中已有谓语动词 has,无连词,可推断这是一个简单句,所以设空处是非谓语动词,充当
33、状语;date 与逻辑主语 Peking Opera 之间是主动关系,所以要用现在分词。故填 Dating,填back,填 to。39、当他谈到我们的写作时,他没提到任何一个拼写错误。(refer.spelling)_ he talked about our writing.答案:He didnt refer to any of spelling mistakes when 考查时态,短语和名词。根据中英文提示,空处缺少主句“他没提到任何一个拼写错误”和连词“当时候”,根据句意和下文的 talked 应用一般过去时,主语 he“他”,结合提示词,谓语 refer to“提到”,宾语any of
34、 spelling mistakes“任何一个拼写错误”,when“当时候”引导时间状语从句,故填He didnt refer to any of spelling mistakes when。小提示:40、我们都知道成功由三个重要的因素组成:天分、勤奋和运气。What is well known to us all is that _.答案:success consists of/is made up of three important factors:talent,diligence and luck 考查名词、固定短语、时态和主谓一致。根据根据汉语意思,“成功”翻译为 success,
35、“由组成”翻译为consist of 或 be made up of,“因素”翻译为 factor,“天分”翻译为 talent,“勤奋”翻译为 diligence,“运气”翻译为luck;根据前面主句的时态是一般现在时,后面表语从句的时态也应该是一般现在时;因为表语从句的主语success 是不可数名词,所以谓语动词应该用第三人称单数;factor 是可数名词,要用复数形式。故填success consists of/is made up of three important factors:talent,diligence and luck。语法填空 41、He talked with h
36、is parents without _(refer)to the fact that he had registered for an institute.(所给词的适当形式填空)答案:reference#referring 考查名词及动名词。句意:他和父母谈话时没有提到他已经注册了一个研究所。without 后用名词或动名词表示伴随状态,refer to 为固定搭配,意为“提到”,名词形式 reference“提及”,不可数名词。故填reference/referring。42、The reason _ someone is triggered by something and other
37、s are not is often due to ones personal history and psychological traits.答案:why 考查定语从句。句意:一个人被某事触发而其他人没有被某事触发的原因通常是由于个人的历史和心理特征。此处 The reason 做先行词,在后面的定语从句中做原因状语,故填 why。43、There was a time_ people may have felt awkward about asking for a table for one,but those days are over.(用适当的词填空)答案:when 考查定语从句。
38、句意:曾几何时,人们可能会因为要一张单人桌而感到尴尬,但那种日子已经一去不复返了。此处是限定性定语从句,先行词是 time,在从句中作时间状语,应用关系副词 when 引导。故填 when。44、According to the World Bank,China accounts for about 30 percent of total _(globe)fertilizer(化肥)consumption.(所给单词适当形式填空)答案:global 考查形容词。句意:根据世界银行的数据,中国约占全球化肥消费总量的 30%。形容词 global 意为“全球的”,修饰名词 fertilizer 作
39、定语,故填 global。45、We still remember the day_ which a big earthquake hit Tangshan and about 400 thousand people were seriously injured or killed.(用适当的词填空)答案:on 考查介词。句意:我们仍然记得唐山大地震的那一天,大约 40 万人重伤或死亡。分析可知,空格后为“介词+which”引导的限制性定语从句,先行词为 day,表示“在某日”用介词 on。故填 on。46、Tom took the police to the spot_ the accide
40、nt happened.(用适当的词填空)答案:where 考查定语从句。句意:汤姆把警察带到事故发生的地点。分析句子结构可知,设空处在句中引导一个从句,修饰前面的名词 spot,这是一个定语从句,从句中缺少地点状语,故用 where 引导。故填 where。47、This article may shock some sensitive readers,_whom I offer my apologies in advance.(用适当的词填空)答案:to 考查定语从句。句意:这篇文章可能会让一些敏感的读者感到震惊,我提前向他们道歉。分析句子,设空处应该填写介词与 whom 构成“介词+关系
41、代词”引导定语从句。句中 whom 指代先行词 readers,offer sth to sb 意为“把提供给某人”,从句中将 to whom 提前,故填 to。48、Give me one good reason _I should help you.(用适当的词填空)答案:why 考查定语从句。句意:给我一个帮助你的好理由。分析句子可知,空处引导定语从句,修饰 reason,关系词指代 reason,从句中作原因状语,用关系副词 why。故填 why。49、Hes got himself into a dangerous situation _he is likely to lose co
42、ntrol over the plane.(用适当的词填空)答案:where 考查定语从句。句意:他把自己置于一个危险的境地,他很可能失去对飞机的控制。先行词为 situation,从句缺少地点状语,故用 where 引导。故填 where。50、The English play _ which my students acted at the New Years party was a great success.(用适当的词填空)答案:in 考查介词和定语从句。句意:我的学生在新年晚会上表演的英语话剧非常成功。分析句子结构,_ which my students acted at the New Years party 在句中作定语,修饰先行词 The English play。短语act in 表示“扮演,在方面行动”。将先行词放入从句中,应为 my students acted in the English play。所以空格处填入 in,in which 引导限制性定语从句。故答案为 in。