现在完成时公开课(课堂PPT).ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,Revision of,the Present Perfect Tense,现在完成时专讲,1,复习目录,现在完成时态的概念,现在完成时态的,结构,现在完成时态的否定，疑问形式,现在完成时态的,用法,现在完成时态与一般过去式的比较,现在完成时态练习,2,冬天来了，春天还会远吗？,If winter,has,already,come,can spring be far behind?,3,1.现在完成时的概念,1,）表示,过去发生,或,已完成,的动作,对现在,造成的影响或结果；,2,）表示过去已经开始并,一直持续,到现在的动作或状态。,E.g.He,has,learned,English since 2001.,past,now,future,现在完成时,一般过去式,现在进行时,一般将来时,4,一.结构,1.肯定句:,have/has,+,p.p.(过去分词),2.否定句:,have/has,+,not,+,p.p.(过去分词),3.一般疑问句:,Have/Has,提到句首,Yes,have/has,.,No,havent/hasnt,.,5,动词的过去式以及过去分词,AAA,:put put put letlet let,ABB,:standstood stood,ABA,:becomebecamebecome,ABC,:eat ateeaten,AAB:,beat-beat-beaten,6,规则动词,(1),一般动词，在词尾,直接加“,ed,”,。,work-worked-worked,visit-visited-visited,(2),以“,e”,结尾的动词，,只,在词尾,加“,d,”,。,live-lived-lived,(3),以“,辅音字母,+y”,结尾的动词，,将,y,变为,i,，再加“,ed”,。,study-studied-studied,cry-cried-cried,(4),重读闭音节,结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母，,先双写该辅音字母，再加“,ed”,。,stop-stopped-stopped,drop-dropped-dropped,7,5.缩写形式,I have,You have,We have,They have,He has,She has,=Ive,=Youve,=Weve,=Theyve,=Hes,=Shes,8,二、用法,1、表过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果,-Would you like some bread?,-No,thanks.,I have just had my breakfast,.,(对现在的影响：不饿),常与副词,just（刚刚）,already,before,yet（一般,疑问：已经；否定句：还),never,ever,等连用。,I have,never,heard of that,before,.,Have you,ever,ridden a horse?,She has,already,finished the work.,Have you milked the cow,yet,?Yes,I have done,that,already,.,Ive,just,finished my homework.,He has not come,yet,.,9,常用于现在完成时的时间副词,介词:,already,(已经):用于肯定句,I have already posted the letter,.,yet,(已经):用于否定句,疑问句 He hasnt done his homework yet.,just,(刚刚)They have just left.,ever,(曾经)Have you ever been to Beijing?,never,(从不)I have never seen him.,before,(以前)Have you seen the film before?,since,(自从以来)Ive worked in the school since 1999.,for,(长达)Hes lived in Shenzhen for 6 years.,in the past several days/weeks/years,(在过去的),recently,(最近),I have not written to my parents recently.,so far,(到目前为止)So far she has learned 5 English songs.,up to now,(到目前为止),this morning/month/year,(今天早上/这个月/今年),10,already和yet的区别,already常用于,肯定句中或句末,；,yet常用于,一般疑问句或否定句末,。,但表惊讶时already也可用于疑问句。,e.g.1.Tomhas,already,finishedhiswork.2.Tomhasntfinishedhiswork,yet.,3.What!Haveyou,already,finishedit?,11,2、表示过去已经开始，持续到现在的动作或状态，,也可以表示实质可能继续下去的动作或状态。通常和,for（一段时间）,since（时间点）,引导的时间状语,连用。此外还可以与,so far,in the last ten years,by now,these days,等连用。,I have been here,for about 5 years,.,He has worked here,since 1989,.,I havent seen her,these days.,She has learnt English,for 3 years/since 3 years ago,.,They have lived here,since 1990.,Great changes have taken place,in the last 10 years,.,12,for和since的运用,for“经历(时间段)”since“自从以来”,for,时间段,since,时间段,ago,since,时间点,since,从句,1.Hehasstayedhere,for3hours,.,2.Hehasstayedhere,since3hoursago,.3.Hehasstayedhere,since3oclock,.,4.HehastaughtEnglish,sincehecamehere,.,13,练一练：用,for,和,since,填空。,_,three hours,_three oclock,_two days,_yesterday afternoon,_I came here,_last Sunday,_,a week,_a long time,_1997,_two weeks,_three years ago,_ last month,for,since,for,since,since,since,for,for,since,for,since,since,14,注意点一,:,since,的用法,1.+,具体的过去时间,since 2008,since,since last Sunday,+ago,since two years ago,+,句子,(,过去时,),2.It is/has been+,一段时间,+since,从句,.(,自从某事发生已有一段时间了,.),It is/has been two years,since my brother joined the army.,15,注意点二：短暂性动词与现在完成时,短暂性动词在肯定句、疑问句中不能与表示时间段的短语连用。这些动词是：,buy,borrow,become,begin,arrive,come,die,fall,finish,get to know,go,join,leave,marry等,。,为了表述相同的意思，我们常用相应的延续性动词,have，keep,等来代替短暂性动词。如：,我买这个手机有三年了。,I,bought,the cellphone,3 years ago,.,I,have had,the cellphone,for 3 years,.,16,他的爷爷已经去世2年了。,Nick 参军3年了.,他离开深圳好长时间了。,4.,这本书我已借了4个月了.,His grandpa,has,died,for 2 years.,Nick,has,joined,the army for 3 years.,He,has,left,Shenzhen for along time.,I,have,borrowed,the book for 4 months.,X,X,X,X,实义动词分为:1)瞬间动词 (die,join,leave,borrow等),2)延续动词 (wait,know,learn 等),注意:瞬间动词不能和时间段连用,.,17,短暂性动词与延续性动词的转换,come/go,be(in),leave,be away(from),borrow,keep,buy,have,die,be dead,get to know,know,begin,be on,go out,be off,go out,be off,arrive,be here/there,marry/get married,-be married,catch a cold,-have a cold,fall asleep/get to sleep,be asleep,join the Party,be in the Party/be a member of,18,实义动词分为:1)瞬间动词,2)延续动词,瞬间动词,join,begin/start,borrow,finish/end,arrive/come,leave,die,buy,注意:瞬间动词不能和,时间段,连用.,19,method 2:,It is+时间段 since+一般过去时的,句子,.,他的爷爷已经去世2年了。,Nick 参军3年了.,他离开深圳好长时间了。,这本书我已借了4个月了.,It is,2 years,since,his grandpa,died.,It is,3 years,since,Nick,joined,the army.,It is,a long time,since,he,left,Shenzhen.,It is,4 months,since,I borrowed the book.,20,(),(,),(,),(),(),(),(),(),I have bought a new dictionary for a week.,I have had a new dictionary for a week.,我买一本新词典已有一星期了。,They have come here for two days.,They have been here for two days.,他们来这儿已经两天了。,He has joined the League member for two years,.,He has been a League member for two years.,他已入团两年了。,The man has been dead for several years,.,The man has died for several years.,这个人已经去世好几年了。,请 判 断,练一练,21,1.I,have,borrowed,the book,for,2 weeks.,(),2.The film,has,begun,for,5 minutes.(,),A B C,A B C,B kept,B been on,3.这辆自行车我买了两年了。,Ive _ the bike _ two years.,4.He left Nanjing two years ago.,He _ _ _ _ Nanjing for two years.,5.The monkey died last month.,The monkey _ _ _ for a month.,had for,has been away from,has been dead,22,注意点三：,现在完成时与一般过去时的用法比较,现在完成时表示过去的动作一直延续到现在，甚至会继续下去，或表示过去的动作对现在造成的影响；一般过去时表示动作发生的时间在过去。现在完成时属于,现在,时态范围，因此，不能和表示过去的时间状语连用。如：yesterday,last night,two weeks ago等,。,牢记:when 不与现在完成时连用。,23,Put the following sentences into English.,A:火车已经开走了。,B:什么时候开走的?,A:半个小时之前开走的。,2.A:你看过这部电影吗?,B:看过。,A:什么时候看的？,B:上周星期天看的。,A:The train,has left.,B:When,did,it,leave,？,A:It,left,half an hour ago.,A:,Have,you,seen,the film?,B:Yes,I have.,A:When,did,you,see,it?,B:I,saw,it last Sunday.,试比较：,24,注意点四：have been to,have been in,have gone to 的区别,1、have(has)been in 表示“在某地（多长时间）”，现在仍在那里。常与表示一段时间的状语连用。例如：,You have been in Zhongdu,Middle,School for 2 years.,你们来中都中学已经有两年了。,They have been in Canada for five years.他们到加拿大有五年了。,2、have(has)been to表示“曾经去过某地”，现在已经不在那里了。可 与just,ever,never等连用。例如：,Mary has never been to the Great Wall.玛丽从未去过长城。,have(has)been to 后面可接次数，表示去过某地几次。例如：,They have been to Longyan several times.他们去过龙岩好几次了。,3、have(has)gone to 意为“到某地去了”，表示到了某地或正在去某地的途中。总之，说话时该人不在现场，例如：,-Where is Tom?-He has gone to the bookshop.他到书店去了。,25,My parents,the Great Wall twice.,-,you ever,Xiamen?,3.How long,Peter,the park?,4.My sister,the shop.She will be back in two hours.,5.She,Shanghai.She isnt here.,6.She,Shanghai for two years.,has gone to,have been to,Have,been to,has,been in,has gone to,has been in,练一练：,用have been to,have been in,have gone to填空。,26,一、选择填空。,()1.They,the park yesterday.,A.went to B.has been to,C.has gone to.,()2.,you,_,your lunch yet?,A.Have,had B.Did,have,C.Do have,()3.The boy,_,my bike for ten days.I want to get it back now.,A.has borrowed B.has kept,C.borrowed,()4.So far we,_,about two thousand English words.,A.have learnt B.learnt,C.are learning,.,A,A,A,B,当堂巩固,27,二、完成句子,1,、我买了一本书。我买这本书有一个星期了。,I _ _ a book.,I _ _ the book for a week.,2,、你去过北京吗？,_ you _ Beijing?,3,、,Mr.Smith,离开了家乡五年了。,Mr.Smith _his home town for five years.,4,、,John,借了这本书一个月了。,John _ this book for a month.,5,、他的爷爷去世有十年了。,His grandfather _ since ten years ago.,have bought,have had,Have been to,has been away,from,has kept,has been dead,28,三、句型转换,1、He has never succeeded,?,（改成反意疑问句）,2、They have been here,since 2000,.,(对划线部分提问),have they been here?,3、The old man,_,last year.He,for a year.(die)（动词填空）,4.This factory opened twenty years ago.,(同义句转换),This factory,_,for twenty years.,has he,How long,died,has been dead,has been open,29,5、Miss Gao left an hour ago.(同义句转换),Miss Gao _ _ an hour ago.,6、Her mother has been a Party member for three years.（同义句）,Her mother _ the Party three years_.,7、The Green Family moved to France two years ago.(同义句转换),_ two years _ the Green family moved to France.,8、The bus has arrived here.It arrived ten minutes ago.(把两个句子合并成一个句子),_,has been away,joined,ago,It is,since,The bus has been here for ten minutes.,30,直击中考,How is Ann?I _ her for a long time.,A.dont see B.wont see,C.didnt see D.havent seen (2010 莆田),Hasnt Betty come yet?,No,and I _ for her for nearly 2 hours.,A.wait B.waited C.have waited D.had waited,31,直击中考,Is Mr.Baker at home?(2009辽宁),Sorry,he isnt in.He _ Dalian for vacation.,A.has gone B.went C.is going D.goes,Mr.Zhang is a teacher of rich experience.He _ English for 20 years.(2010 宁德),A.has taught B.will teach,C.teaches D.taught,32,直击中考,-How many times have you _ to Xiamen?,-Three times.(2014,福建）,A.been B.went C.gone D.go,I wont forget my teacher because she _ so kind to me since I came to this school.,A.has been B.will be C.was D.is (2013,）,33,直击中考,-I will return the book to Mary,but I cant find her anywhere.-she _ the teachers office.You can find her there.(2010 云南),A.has left B.was away from C.has gone to D.has been to,You have _ my dictionary for two weeks.,Sorry,I will give it back to you right now.,A.lent B.borrowed C.kept (2010南充),34,直击中考,-_ you _ out the problem,Sam?-Not yet,but I am going to.(2010,南宁,),A.Did,work B.Are,working,C.Have,worked D.Will,work,-What are you going to do this Saturday?,-I _ yet.(2014,厦门,),A.haven decided B.wont decide C.am not decided D.didnt decide,35,汉译英,1、,吉姆已做完作业，他现在有空了。,2、,他昨天收到一封信。,3、,我父亲以前到过长城。,Jim has finished doing his homework already.He is free now.,He received a letter yesterday.,My father has been to the Great Wall before.,36,4、,她还没有看过那部新电影。,5、,她去过上海。,6、,他这些天上哪儿去了？,She hasnt seen the new film yet.,She has been to Shanghai.,Where has he been these days？,37,Thank you!,Bye-bye!,38,