河南省新郑市2014高考英语-阅读理解、完形填空类训练(15).doc

新郑市2014高考英语阅读理解、完形填空类训练（15）及答案
阅读理解
Americans are proud of their variety and individuality, yet they love and respect few things more than a uniform, whether it is the uniform of an elevator, operator or the uniform of a five-star general. Why are uniforms so popular in the United States?
Among the arguments for uniforms, one of the first is that in the eyes of most people they look more professional than ci- vilian (百姓的)clothes. People have become conditioned to expect superior quality from a man who wears a uniform. The tel- evision repairman who wears a uniform tends to inspire more trust than one who appears in civilian clothes. Faith in the skill of a garage mechanic is increased by a uniform. What easier way is there for a nurse, a policeman, a barber, or a waiter to lose professional identity(身份) than to step out of uniform?
Uniforms also have many practical benefits. They save on other clothes. They save on laundry bills. They are tax-deduct ible(可减税的). They are often more comfortable and more durable than civilian clothes.
Primary among the arguments against uniforms is their lack of variety and the consequent loss of individuality experi- enced by people who must wear them. Though there are many types of uniforms, the wearer of any particular type is generally stuck with it, without change, until retirement. When people look alike, they tend to think, speak, and act similarly, on the job at least.
Uniforms also give rise to some practical problems. Though they are long-lasting, often their initial expense is greater than the cost of civilian clothes. Some uniforms are also expensive to maintain, requiring professional dry cleaning rath- er than the home laundering possible with many types of civilian clothes. 1. It is surprising that Americans who worship variety and indi viduality ______.
A. still judge a man by his clothes
B. hold the uniform in such high regard
C. enjoy having a professional identity
D. will respect an elevator operator as much as a general in uniform
答案: B 指导：这篇文章主要讲述崇尚个性、崇尚多样化的美国人为何爱穿制服，以及制服所带来的利弊，是一道辨别事实题。由第一段第一句“Americans are proud Of their variety and individuality，yet they love and respect few things more than auniform．．．”可知应选B项。
2. People are accustomed to think that armn in uniform______.
A. suggests quality work
B. discards his social identity
C. appears to be more practical
D. looks superior to a person in civilian clothes
答案: A 指导：由第二段第二句"People have become conditioned to expect superior quality from a man who wears auniform．．．”可判断A项正确。

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Malaria, the world's most widespread parasitic (寄生虫引起的)disease, kills as many as three million people every year ---- almost all of whom are under five, very poor, and African. In most years, more than five hundred million cases of illness result from the disease, although exact numbers are difficult to assess because many people don't (or can't) seek care. It is not unusual for a family earning less than two hundred dollars a year to spend a quarter of its income on malaria treatment, and what they often get no longer works. In countries like Tanzania, Mozambique, and the Gambia, no family, village, hospital, or workplace can remain unaffected for long.        
Malaria starts suddenly, with violent chills, which are soon followed by an intense fever and, often, headaches. As the parasites multiply, they take over the entire body. Malaria parasites live by eating the red blood cells they infect (感染) .They can also attach themselves to blood vessels in the brain. If it doesn't kill you, malaria can happen again and again for years. The disease is passed on to humans by female mosquitoes infected with one of four species of a parasite. Together, the mosquito and the parasite are the most deadly couple in the history of the earth and one of the most successful. Malaria has five thousand genes, and its ability to change rapidly to defend itself and resist new drugs has made it nearly impossible to control. Studies show that mosquitoes are passing on the virus more frequently, and there are more outbreaks in cities with large populations. Some of the disease's spread is due to global warming.
For decades, the first-choice treatment for malaria parasites in Africa has been chloroquine, a chemical which is very cheap and easy to make. Unfortunately, in most parts of the world, malaria parasites have become resistant to it. Successful alternatives that help prevent resistance are already available, but they have been in short supply and are very expensive. If these drugs should fail, nobody knows what would come next.
56. According to paragraph 1, many people don't seek care because ___________.
A. they are too poor
B. it is unusual to seek care
C. they can remain unaffected for long
D. there are too many people suffering from the disease
57. People suffering from malaria _____________.
A. have to kill female mosquitoes B. have ability to defend parasites
C. have their red blood cells infected D. have sudden fever, followed by chills
58. Which of the following may be the reason for the wide spread of the disease?
A. Its resistance to global warming.
B. Its ability to pass on the virus frequently.
C. Its outbreaks in cities with large populations.
D. Its ability to defend itself and resist new drugs.
59. It can be inferred from the passage that _____________.
A. no drugs have been found to treat the disease
B. the alternative treatment is not easily available to most people
C. malaria has developed its ability to resist parasites
D. nobody knows what will be the drug to treat the disease
60. Which of the following questions has NOT been discussed in the passage?
A. How can we know one is suffering from malaria?
B. How many people are killed by malaria each year?
C. Why are there so many people suffering from malaria?
D. What has been done to keep people unaffected for long?

参考答案56-60ACDBD
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A
For centuries, the body’s blood has been linked closely with the emotions．People who show no human emotions or feelings, are said to be cold-blooded killer．For example, the police are searching for a cold-blooded killer．He seems to kill for no reason, and no emotion, as if taking someone’s life as nothing．
Cold can affect other parts of the body．The expression “get cold feet” has nothing to do with cold or your feet．The expression means being afraid to do something you have decided to do．For example, you agree to be president of an organization．But then you learn that all the other officers have resigned, and all the work of the organization will be your responsibility．You are likely to get cold feet about being president when you understand the situation.
The expression “give someone the cold shoulder” probably comes from the physical act of turning your back toward someone, instead of speaking to him face to face．You may give a cold shoulder to a friend who has not kept a promise he made to you．Or, to someone who has lied about you to others．
A cold fish is not a fish．It is a person．But it is a person who is unfriendly, unemotional and shows no love or warmth．A cold fish does not offer much of himself to anyone．Someone who is a cold fish could be cold-hearted．Now a cold-hearted person is someone who has no sympathy．Several popular songs in recent years were about cold-hearted men or cold-hearted women who, without feelings, broke the hearts of their lovers．
Out in the cold means not getting something that everybody else got．A person might say that everybody but him got a pay raise---he was left out in the cold．And it is not a pleasant place to be．
41．When you refuse to speak to a man and treat him in a distant way, you may express by “_________”．
A．I give him the cold shoulder B．I think he is a cold-blooded man
C．I think he is a cold fish D．I’m likely to get cold feet
42．If Sue shows absolutely no reaction to those awful pictures of starving children in Africa, you will say _________．
A．she is a cold-blooded killer B．she gets cold feet
C．she is a cold fish D．she is out in the cold
43．We can use the expression “__________” to describe a man who abandons or hurts his lover without mercy．
A．cold-blooded B．cold shoulder C．cold feet D．cold-hearted
44．The topic of this passage is about _________．
A．the relationship between cold and our body
B．some expressions about friendship
C．some expressions connected with cold
D．how cold weather comes into being

参考答案41～44 ACDC
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“Soon, you’re going to have to move out!” cried my neighbor upon seeing the largest tomato plant known to mankind, or at least known in my neighborhood.
One tiny 9-inch plant, bought for $1.25 in the spring, has already taken over much of my rose bed, covering much of other plants, and is well on its way to the front door.
Roses require a good deal of care, and if it weren’t for the pleasure they give, it wouldn’t be worth the work. As it is, I have a garden full of sweet-smelling roses for most of the year. Bushes must be pruned in early spring, leaving ugly woody branches until the new growth appears a few weeks later. It was the space available in the garden that led me into planting just one little tomato plant. A big mistake.
Soil conditions made just perfect for roses turn out to be even more perfect for tomatoes. The daily watering coupled with full sun and regular fertilizing have turned the little plant into a tall bush. The cage I placed around it as the plant grew has long since disappeared under the thick leaves.
Now the task I face in harvesting the fruit is twofold. First, I have to find the red ones, among the leaves, which means I almost have to stand on my head, and once found I have to reach down and under, pick the tomatoes and withdraw my full fist without dropping the prize so dearly won. Second, I found two full-blown white roses completely hidden as I pick tomatoes in June, but they were weak and the leaves already yellow for lack of light.
Here I am faced with a painful small decision. To tear up a wonderful and productive tomato plant that offers up between ten and twenty ripe sweet tomatoes each day or say goodbye to several expensive and treasured roses. Like Scarlett in Gone With the Wind, I’ll think about that tomorrow.
44. What are the requirements for the healthy growth of roses?
A. A lot of care and the right light.
B. Frequent pruning and fertilizing.
C. Tomato plants grown alongside.
D. Cages placed around the roots.
45. The writer planted the tomato because_______
A. it cost only $1.25
B. the soil were just right for it
C. there was room for it in the garden
D. the roses’ branches needed to be covered
46. This year the writer’s roses were ______
A. removed from the rose bed
B. picked along with the tomatoes
C. mostly damaged by too much sunlight
D. largely hidden under the tomato plant
47. By saying “the prize so dearly won” in paragraph 5, the writer wants to ______
A. show the difficulty in picking the tomatoes
B. show the hardship of growing the roses
C. express her liking for the roses
D. express her care for the tomatoes
48. In the situation described in the text, one good thing is that ______
A. the roses cost the writer little money
B. the writer has a daily harvest of tomatoes
C. someone will help the writer make the decision
D. the writer can now enjoy both the roses and tomatoes

参考答案44-48 ACDAB
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完形填空
（全国II）完形填空
There are times when people are so tired that they fall asleep almost anywhere. We can see there is a lot of sleeping on the bus or train on the __21____home from work in the evenings. A man will be__22____the newspaper, and seconds later it __23___ as if he is trying to ___24__it. Or he will fall asleep on the shoulder of the stranger___25__ next to him.___26___ place where unplanned short sleep __27__ is in the lecture hall where a student will start snoring（打鼾）so ___28____that the professor has to ask another student to___29___ the sleeper awake. A more embarrassing（尴尬）situation occurs when a student starts falling into sleep and the ___30___ of the head pushes the arm off the___31___, and the movement carries the__32___ of the body along. The student wakes up on the floor with no___33___ of getting there. The worst time to fall asleep is when __34___ . Police reports are full of ___35___ that occur when people fall into sleep and go__36_____ the road. If the drivers are ___37____ , they are not seriously hurt. One woman's car, ___38____ , went into the river. She woke up in four feet of __39____ and thought it was raining. When
people are really ___40_____，nothing will stop them from falling asleep-----no matter where they are.
21. A. way B. track C. path D. road
22. A. buying B. folding C. delivering D. reading
23. A. acts B. shows C. appears D. sounds
24. A. open B. eat C. find D. finish
25. A. lying B. waiting C. talking D. sitting
26. A. Next B. Every C. Another D. One
27. A. goes on B. ends up C. lasts D. returns
28. A. bravely B. happily C. loudly D. carelessly
29. A. leave B. shake C. keep D. watch
30. A. size B. shape C. weight D. strength
31．A. cushion B. desk C. shoulder D. book
32. A. action B. position C. rest D. side
33. A. memory B. reason C. question D. purpose
34. A. thinking B. working C. walking D. driving
35. A. changes B. events C. ideas D. accidents
36. A. up B. off C. along D. down
37. A. lucky B. awake C. calm D. strong
38. A. in time B. at first C. as usual D. for example
39. A. dust B. water C. grass D. bush
40. A. tired B. drunk C. lonely D. lazy

参考答案
21----25ADCBD 26---30 CACBC
31----35BCADD 36---40BADBA

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Runners in a relay race pass a stick in one direction. However, merchants passed silk, gold, fruit, and glass along the Silk Road in more than one direction. They earned their living by traveling the famous Silk Road.
The Silk Road was not a simple trading network. It passed through thousands of cities and towns. It started from eastern China, across Central Asia and the Middle East, and ended in the Mediterranean Sea. It was used from about 200 B C to about 1300 A D., when sea travel offered new routes. It was sometimes called the world’s longest highway.
However, the