雅思听力十大经典场景透析与案例.doc

雅思听力必考场景机经预测与案例
Section 1必考场景
☆个人信息表格
一. 在考试中以申请表，注册表格形式出现，考察频率最高的题点是
例如：国家(country)，国籍(nationality____)，城市（city），学科（faculty_____），语言(language)，人名(name________)，地址(address:_______)，日期（date），电话号码(telephone No.)，传真号码(Fax No.)，邮编(post-code No.)，价格（price）等专有名词和数字
1.Number—注意与字母混合用法
Passport number/driver’s license number
License plate=registration number/student ID/membership number/medical card number/flight number
单纯的数字情况
Telephone number/fax number/
Account number/credit card number
2.电话号码读法：4/4 与 3/4 原则
Double 和triple;64557890、67775400
0读成o (“oh”是较为常见的用法，一般在电话号码和房间号中最为多见)
和zero, naught (用于小数的情况较多) 0.68
,nil/null (nil则会用于赛事比分)
000读成 thousand 64572000如出现18003456000 999234
Country code+ area code + telephone number
Extension number
3.常用单位：
Kilometer/km meter/m mile/m pound/lb
Square meter/sq m liter/l Fahrenheit centigrade=Celsius
1Dollar=$100 cents 1pound= ￡100 pence
4.数字替换原则
Decade= 10 years century=100 years millennium=1000 years score=20 dozen=12 majority>50% minority<50%
必考题点fortnight=2 weeks
couple= 2
During the week=weekdays=from Monday to Friday
Weekly=once a week annual=yearly
A quarter= 1/4=25%=15minutes=one season a half= 1/2
5. Address—顺序原则 Address:     
16C Rose Lane=Street=Road=Avenue=Square
South Hills (剑二test2)
街道名的拼写和门牌号：数字与字母混合40A 36D
地名：South Hills，It is two words
◇确定用大写的情况：
1)学科名，建筑名，场所名称，书名，机构名，人名，国籍、地址、地名、专有名词、主题（title）、月份、星期等等。
其中提问的标志是: what is the title/name of___ known as/called
2)句子第一个单词首字母
6. Nationality—people
常考的国籍
Ish－polish，Swedish，Irish British Spanish
An－Canadian，Australian，Russian
Ic－Arabic，Icelandic
New Zealander Greek Swiss
7. Time & Date
书写方法：1986年2月23日
英式写法_______23rd,Feb, 1986_______;
美式写法___Feb,23rd, 1986______________
◇常考的易拼错的月份
February /January
May/June/July无缩写
朗读方法：读成 twenty third of the second 1986
Date与day区别：
It is Wednesday. That is the 21st of June in 1997
Date_21/6/1997________ Day __Wednesday__
am pm AD BC都可以写成缩写的形式
8. Name – first name/given name;
Family name/surname/last name
考题当中问Name没有具体问应是全名______ 注意Title
最普遍的敬语是Mr, Mrs和Ms

二.常考经典题型即应对策略
个人信息表格题型（form-filling）
选择题型(multiple choice)
问答题型(short answer)
一般单句填空题型(sentence completion)
1.个人信息表格题型（form-filling）技巧点拨
法则一：先看横轴，再看纵轴，有标题顺便看标题
目的：对背景做大概分析
法则二：进入表格，猜题定位
采用上看下看左看右看原则，搜索原则/顺序原则/雷达听力法则/关键词原则
法则三：考点以专有名词出现的时候，首字母就要求大写，因此，表格题在答案誊写时应注意在格式上保持一致
2. 选择题型(multiple choice)
要解决选择题型一定要把握住它的核心考查方向：Listening Comprehension
雅思听力选择题运用两种策略：
Indirect indication（间接信息）
Trap=interfere（干扰项）。
读题的目的是Keywords（关键词）。可以了解题目的内容，明确听题的侧重点。
关键词划分两类：题干中的关键词Question KW与选项中的关键词Choices KW加以对应
首先，名词为关键词：因为在放音中不易发生同意转换；
其次，动词为关键词：动词是非常容易被替换的，因此要做好同意转换的准备。
选择题部分对应陷阱
常出错的点：
常常出现在选择题的选项中，即出题人故意把录音中的部分信息作为选项给出，尽量听懂整个句子，而不是仅靠几个单词的对应去判断，只有选项和录音里的信息内容完全符合时方为正确。
3. 问答题型(short answer)
问答题目：考察内容：文章关键信息的把握
  做题技巧：注意文章的4W和1H.抓语篇信息结构
How often do the Top Bus Company tours run
新信息语义中心 解题中心点 已知信息
法则一：划出问题中的已知信息关键词和语义中心—疑问代词
法则二：问题的关键词，指称照应和疑问词找语义关联，找问题的同现关系词汇链，构建主体框架。
法则三：听时，紧扣各题的关键词复现效应
法则四：注意speaker 与问题的关键词是否对应
4．一般单句填空题型(sentence completion)
读题法则一：划出核心词汇；对于总结式填空核心词两种：⑴题目中的核心词汇—空前空后都要划（注意特殊符号）。⑵完整行里的线索词—存在完整句子中
读题法则二：边划核心词边猜题—猜词性词义
题法则三：篇章长，先读首尾两句—主题句、预测文章内容。注意内部逻辑关系—递进关系/因果关系/列举关系/转折关系等
注意事项：⑴小心语法现象；⑵核心词在磁带中出现的顺序
三.经典案例分析
1. Accommodation—场景分析
电话询问具体情况为主，考察以下几个部分
地理位置
Location-near the university/
on the bus line/city center/suburbs=outskirts/rural area/not near the center, not near the railway station, far from the bus stop, near the airport, noisy insect haunting …metro/tube/subway/underground
租房类型Type-home stay (family stay/host family)
The hall of residence/
Youth hostel/ student hostel Residential college/dormitory/studio/ Bed-sit/flat=apartment
租房房源－
Student accommodation center
Real estate
Housing coordinator
Housing property
Newspaper
Classified advertisements, friends, Renting
内部设施Inner facility-
Double/twin bedroom/single bedroom/
Lounge=living room/garage/triple room/
Study room/ attic/laundry room/entrance hall=porch
Corridor/balcony/
Separate bathroom/games room
内部家居装修Inner Decoration
Fridge/stereo system/micro-wave oven/fully furnished/Partially furnished /furniture
Air-conditioner/ coffee maker/ radiator/cupboard

房东、室友landlord/landlady ,roommate/
Flat mate /dorm mate/housemate
关于租金和押金【 Money ：＄ ￡ 】
Deposit about damage of property
Rent; rental price (expensive; reasonable)
费用： 水电煤气费用，有时包括电话费、光缆使用费。Including water bill/electricity fee/ cable TV
总称为 utilities
租房要求-Requirement:=request
Pets not allowed/
Non smoking/non drinking
No red meat=flesh eater/vegetarian/
Carnivore/herbivore/omnivore
Mutton=lamb/beef/pork /
Food allergy

2. 真题案例分析
Section 1(questions 1-10)
Questions 1-6
Fill in the table by using No More Than Three Words for each answer

Price
Extra facilities
Guesthouse room
1._____per night
Air-conditioning and shower
Waterfront Room
2._____per night
With 3.______

Extra services
4._____for guesthouse room and______for waterfront room

Extra bedding for kids

Free
Swimming pool
$8 per hour
5._________
$4 per hour
6.__________
Questions 7
Fill in the blank with No More Than Three Words
Address: Country Comfort__________,_________Street, NSW
Questions 8-10
Which three activities is the caller interested in doing there?
Circle Three letters from A-F
A. alpine skiing B. in-housing movies
C. walking in the valley D. spa soaking
E. shopping F. dining out in one local restaurant
Section 1(questions 1-10)
Questions 1-3
Circle the correct answer from A-C
1. How long has Sara been in Sydney?
A. 2 years B. one and half years C. 8 months
2. What kind of accommodation does Sara like?
A. a house with a garden B. shared flat
C. a home stay
3. What position does Sara want the house is in?
A. Northern part of the university
B. Sociology faculty
C. Near the northern gate of the university
Questions 4-10
Fill in the table with No More Than Three Words for each answer
Rent range: from 4.$_______to $_______per month
Preferred facility: 5.__________
Rent: 6.$__________,including two meals and 7._________
Address: 8._______________Road
Appointment time: 9.at_______on___________
Deposit: one month’s rent
Advice: get a 10._______after paying money

Section 2必考场景
Section2的场景仍以社会生活场景为主，
如旅游（traveling）,校园生活(campus life），银行（banking）场景，其中尤以旅游场景最为常见。熟悉场景词汇是把握原文信息的关键，所以在准备考试时应该先解决词汇问题。
一. 旅游（traveling)
1.SECTION 2 旅行项目介绍
这一般由旅行社的tour guide或是相关行业的人monologue讲述，介绍旅行社推出的一些旅游项目，或地方旅游特色。比如，(剑六TEST 2 SECTION 2)，是游客咨询铁路工作人员火车线路，顺便询问当地旅游景点
2. 题型要多样化，单选、多选、表格填空、句子填空都有
多选则为选择相应的旅游特色景点和携带相关的物品，
单选题的解题策略
法则一：读题干划核心词汇，如有时间可再看选项的差异性
法则二：应用顺序原则（即最后原则）
录音中依次出现和选项相关的信息，最后一个提到的往往是答案
法则二：同性相斥原则
选项中的其中两个表达的是同一个概念，这两个选项应该排除
法则三：陌生词原则
听力选择题当中的答案，是那些较为容易的词
出现较为生僻的词往往不是答案
法则四：绝对性判断原则
选项中如出现较为绝对性的判断，如only/must/all…
法则五：最近答案原则
听力考试选择题答案往往是那些听起来与选项很相近的信息—往往是同义表达
地图题型应对策略
考试中如遇到地图题，主要放在分析地图
看图时主要遵循以下几个具体步骤:
Step 1:快速浏览地图以外的相关信息，题目要求，图例或说明文字。
Step 2:关注图中两点最重要的信息：
指向标和起始点
比如gate, door, main entrance, 或rear entrance. side entrance，far side（后门）,如果图中没有给出明确的起始点，在听录音时先确定起始点
Step 3:看图中街道和建筑。可以按照从左到右或从上而下的顺序，尽量多的记住每个建筑的名称
表示位置关系的方位词，比如next to, opposite=across from, behind, in the corner of , intersection /on the other end

3．Traveling—场景分析
到达的目的地-destination
hilly areas丘陵地带，wetlands沼泽地，bush land灌木丛，tropical rain forests热带雨林，desert沙漠，mountain resort山林风景区，rocky bluffs悬崖，resorts旅游胜地，coastal areas沿海地区，beach海滩，hot springs 温泉=spa soaking，waterfalls瀑布，seascape scenery海景，places of historic interest历史名胜，Great Barrier Reef大堡礁，Sydney Opera House悉尼歌剧院，Tower of London伦敦塔，
Stonehenge史前巨石阵
携带物品（选择题为主） 
walking boots步行靴，hiking boots长途旅行靴，leather-soled shoes皮底鞋，backpacks背包，beach towel沙滩浴巾，sunscreen防晒霜，helmet头盔，mosquito nets蚊帐，repellents驱虫剂，telescopes望远镜，first-aid kit急救箱，torchlight手电筒
特色景点-spotlight tour
castle城堡，cathedral大教堂，ancient temple古寺，art gallery 画廊，museum博物馆，organic farm有机农场，botanical garden植物园，industrial village工业村，amusement park游乐场，water park水上乐园，wildlife zoo野生动物园，royal national park皇家公园，national park国家公园
常见的活动-activities 
Scuba Diving器械潜水，surfing冲浪，water skiing滑水，hang gliding悬挂滑翔，water polo水球，hiking 徒步旅行，bush-walking林中漫步，bungee jumping蹦极，parachuting/sky-diving跳伞，rock climbing攀岩，camping野营，skiing滑雪，hitch-hike 搭便车旅行，crocodile cruise乘船参观鳄鱼，four-wheel drive四驱车，fishing钓鱼，horse-riding骑马，cycling骑自行车
注意事项-warning 
souvenir纪念品，insect昆虫，snakes蛇，stingers叮咬人的昆虫或动物，sharks鲨鱼，jellyfish水母，certain plants某些植物
考察旅游当地的地图题型的掌握情况
方位词 at the bottom/top 在底/顶部，to the left/right在左/右侧，in the middle在中间，in front of在…的前面，next to在旁边，in the top right-hand/left-hand corner 在右/左上角，on one side of在…的一边，past路过，beyond在…的那一边，between在中间，towards朝着，along沿着，through穿过，by the entry gate在大门旁，across the yard跨过院子，down the path顺着路往下，round the corner转过拐角
参照物
entrance 入口，main entrance主入口，side entrance边门，ticket office售票处，toilet洗手间，car park停车场，gift shop礼品店，information center问询处，garden花园，garage车库
4．真题案例分析
Section 1 (Questions1-10)
Questions 1-2
Choose the correct answer A-D
1. Where do they plan to travel?
A. the coast B. the mountains C. Sydney D. the dessert
2. Where do they plan to stay during the holiday?
A. a motel B. a hotel C. a youth hostel D. a holiday house
Questions 3
Choose Three letters from A-E
3. What will they take with them?
A. a mosquito net B. insect repellent C. thick coats
D. medicine E. binoculars F. a camera
Questions 4-5
Choose the correct answer A-D or A-C
4. How much money do they need for the tour?
A. $ 480 B. $ 490 C. $500 D. $300
5. How will they pay the house fee?
A. with the traveler’s cheque B. with the credit card
C. with the saving card
Questions 6-10
Answer the following questions with NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer
6. When will they depart for the holiday?
7. Where is the place they are going to stay located?
8. Why do many tourists go to this place?
Which Two things in the bushes should they be careful about?
9.__________________________________
10._________________________________
Section 2 (questions 11-20)
Questions 11-13
Fill in the blanks with No More Than Three Words for each answer
Facts about Brisbane
Besides sunny cafes, Brisbane also offers artistic atmosphere with many 11.___________and____________
Being established in12.________, Brisbane has become the third biggest city.
In 1988, Brisbane held the 13.___________
Questions 14-16
Fill in the table with No More Than Three Words for each answer
Activities in Brisbane
April
14._________Festival
August
Film Festival
September and October
Outdoor festival of 15.______
January
Cockroach 16.__________
Questions 17-20
Fill in the table with No More Than Three Words for each answer

Scenic spots in Brisbane
Areas
Spotlights
From city center to south bank
Paths, beach, and17._______
The lone pine koala sanctuary
To 18.______koalas or _____kangaroos
Mountain Coot-tha
Hiking trails and gardens
Brisbane river
19.________________
Brisbane forest park
Great for 20_____and_________

二．Section 2 图书馆场景
1.图书馆场景考点为：作品名称、哪年出版、作者姓名、借出费用、几时到期、欠款多少等 出现地图题型的几率较大
搭配题型也是常考的一种
搭配题型Matching解题策略
Step 1：迅速审题，是否可以一一配对
选项和题干的数量，决定选项会重复使用
Step 2：迅速预读题干和选项，注意有无同义转换
Step 3：录音开始时，听speaker是以题干为顺序还是以选项为顺序
Step 4：听题过程中，不要急于听到的信息用A，B，C配对起来；采用听到相关信息后 做note taking写在旁边
Step 5：注意题干是否有限定性的词出现，提示你解题的关键-the most important、significant、vital、critical、pivotal、principal、key point、
2. Library-场景分析
A:借书还书环节
check out登记并借出 renew 续借overdue 过期的，迟到的Due 到期return 归还pay a fine支付罚款
B:书的状态:
available可用到的, 可得到的，可以借到的
out on loan借出的
reserved in circulation 在书库里
out of circulation借出
not for circulation不外借
closed reserved只读不借
C:借的物品:
book书
newspapers报纸
video tapes录像带/record
journal杂志
a serious magazine produced for professional people or those with a particular interest: 期刊：刊登关于某特殊主题的文章的期刊
periodicals期刊, 杂志
current issue 现期刊物
back issue过期刊物
D: 借书需要证件:
library card/admission card图书馆出入卡
driving license/ licence 驾照
student card学生证
library card借书卡
call slip索书单
E:图书馆各部分名称:
information desk n.服务台
delivery/circulation desk借书台
reference （stacks）参考, 参考书目
open/closed shelf 开架，闭架
photocopy room复印室
Return Area 还书处
students locker 学生存储间
Reference Section 参考书部
3.真题案例分析
Section 1(questions 1-10)
Questions 1-5
Circle letters from A-C
1. What does the woman need to join the library?
A. to write down her name and address
B. to show some kind of identification
C. to show something with her old address
2. What is the problem of the woman?
A. there is no address on her letters
B. her bankbook is old
C. everything she has now has her old address
3. How is the woman finally able to join the library?
A. by showing her husband’s driving license
B. by showing her air ticket
C. by showing her passport
4. How many records can she take out?
A. 4 B. 2 C. 5
5. Where are the catalogues?
A. to the right B. around the corner C. on the second floor
6. How long can she keep the books?
A. 3 weeks B. 4 weeks C. 2 weeks
Questions 7-10
Filling the blanks in the table
Application Form
Name:7.______________
Telephone No. 8._______________
Address: 9.________________
Passport No. 10.________________

三. Section 2&section 3必考场景
1. Orientation Pack-场景 from 4 factors
Factor 1: campus tour- on the first arrival, school will show students around the campus 介绍学校里的设施
Factor 2: Enrollment=register-新生入学登记time、which faculty
Factor 3: registration on line-exchange the ideas through the sending the e-mails选课、退课和改课
Factor 4：Social Activities-tea party、welcome activities
常以选择题型和总结填空题为主
总结填空题summary解题技巧
Step 1：答题开始前仔细听录音中的背景介绍，要求准确听出题点，快速记录下的答案-所听即所答
Step 2：第一遍读题时划核心词，注意试题的排版如：title、subtitle、underline这些词可用作信号词出现在录音中
Step 3：特别注意表顺序、总结或强调性的连接词
并列关系：and, also, too, not only…but also…
递进关系：then, in addition, moreover, furthermore
转折关系：however, but, while, whereas
因果关系：because, so, as, cause
强调关系：particularly, do, have to

2.orientation -场景分析
1.国外大学结构及官衔
president（大学校长 chancellor）
University
dean（学校分院长）
School Counselor=adviser=consultant顾问
Admissions Officer
Coordinator班主任/协调人
professor教授
associate professor副教授
lecturer讲师
adviser/mentor导师
counselor、 tutor 辅导老师 （tutorial class）
2. Purpose of orientation week 熟悉校园的设施
divisions/departments系,campus校园, Common Room/House公共休息室,canteen食堂,dining hall=refectory食堂,cafeteria自助餐厅,accommodation住宿,dorm/dormitory宿舍
teaching building, 教学楼/教室楼，lecture theatre阶梯教室,Administration/Admin Office管理/行政办公室,laboratory/lab实验室 auditorium会堂 Recreation Center娱乐室，student union 学生会，society 学生社团
3. 真题案例分析
Section 3 questions 17-28
Questions 17-21
Circle the appropriate letter.
17. What are the students looking for?
A. Old Hall B. New Hall
C. Main Hall D. Old Building
18. How many people are waiting in the queue?
A. 50 B. 100 C. 2