四级作文经典框架.doc

考试作文常用套语作文中常用套语：1.atpresent,currently,lately,recently,nowadays,theseyears,inthepastseveraldecades,overthelastseveralyears2.attheturnofthecentury3.thankstochinasreformandopening-uppolicy,.haswitnessedgreateconomicandsocialprogressinthepasttwodecades.4.withthe(rapid,marked,amazing,eye-catching,remarkable,fantastic)development/progress/growth/advance/improvementofeconomy/society/industry/livingstandard,greatchangeshavetakenplacein.5.atthemercyoftheever-acceleratedupdatingofscienceandtechnology,therearerapidchangesinallaspectsofoureverydaylife.6.withthearrival/adventoftheinventionof./theinformationage/the21stcentury/theeconomyage7.wearenowenteringabrandnewera.the21stcenturyisatimeofadvancedscientificandtechnologicalknowledge.8.Thehumanracehasenteredacompletelynewstageinitshistory.Wehavejustcrossedthethresholdofthe21stcenturyandthecurtainofthenewmilleniumisslowlyrising.人类已进入了历史上的一个全新阶段.我们刚刚跨入21世纪的门槛,新千年的帷幕正在徐徐升起. 9.Weareblessedwithnewopportunitiesandfacedwithnewchallenges.我们被赋予新的机会,并且面临着新的挑战.10.Withtheincreasinglymorerapidlyeconomicglobalizationandurbanization, moreproblemsarebroughttoourattention.随着日益迅速的经济全球化和城市化,更多的问题受到我们的关注.11.as.develops随着.的发展12.alongwiththedevelopmentof.,moreandmore.随着.的发展,越来越多.13.Inthepastfewyears, therehasbeenasharpgrowthboom/declinein.在过去几年内,.有显著增长/激增/明显滑坡.14,withthesteadygrowthinthecountryseconomyaswellasthepeoplelivingstandard,随着国家经济和人民生活水平的稳步增长,15.aslivingtempo/pacequickens,随着生活节奏的不断加快, 16.Whiletherhythm/pace/tempoofpeopleslivingisspeedingup, alotofchangeshavetakenplacein.人民生活节奏加快的同时,.也发生了很多变化.17.withthefantasticspurbothinindustryanditseconomyinChina, thenumberof.isonthefire.随着中国工业经济的迅猛发展,.的数目不断上升.18.Itiscommonlybelievedthattherisein.istheinevitableresultofeconomicdevelopment.人们普遍认为,.的增长是经济发展的必然结果.19.Inrecentyears, Chinahasexperiencedanalarmingincreasein.最近几年来,中国.有了惊人的增长.20.Nowadaysmoreandmorepeoplebegintorealize/beawareof/moticetheimportanceoftheproblemofeducation/pollution/unemployment.现在越来越多的人开始认识到教育,污染,失业问题的重要性.21.Weoftenfindourselvescaught/involvedinadilemmawhetherweshouldreachforthebearspaworforthesharksfin.我们常常发现自己陷入一个进退维谷的境地:是取鱼翅还是熊掌.22.Thereisagrowingworldwideawarenessoftheneedfor.世界性的对.需要的认识正在不断深入. 23.Recentlytheissue/problemof.hasbeeninthelimelight/broughtintofocus/broughttopublicattention/concern.最近.的问题引起了人们的注意/成了焦点问题/引起了公众的注意/关注.24.Recentlythephenomenonhasarousedwideconcern.最近这个现象引起了广泛关注.25.Oneofthe(universal/pressing/burning/urgent)problems/issueswearefacedwith(confrontingus)isthat.我们面临的其中一个全球性的/紧迫的/迫在眉睫的问题是.26.Recentlytheproblem/issue/conflicthasbecomethefocus/concernofthepublic.最近这个问题/冲突成了公众关注的焦点/中心.27.Thereisa(public/grneral/heated/impassioned)debate/discussion/controversytoday/nowadaysasto/over/on/concerningtheissue/problemof.Thosewhocriticize/oppose/objectto.contend/arguethat.Theybelievethat.Butpeoplewhoadvocate/favor/arefor.,ontheotherhand,maintain/assertthat.当前,人们就某事/现象展开了激烈/广泛的/热烈的讨论/争论.批评/反对的人们辩称.,他们认为.然而,支持者却认为.28.Apublicdebatehasarisenastothephenomenonof.关于.的现象引发了一场公众讨论.29.Thereisalong-runningdebateastowhether.关于是否.有一场持久论战.30.Itisundeniablethat.hasbecomethebiggestconcernofthepresent-dayworld.不可否认的是,.已成了当今世界最令人关注的问题.31.Nowitiscommonly/generally/widelybelieved/held/accepted/recognizedthat.Theyclaim/argue/holdthat.,butIwonder/doubtwhether.现在人们普遍认为.人们认为.但是我怀疑它是否. 32.Accordingtoa(n)survey/investigation/analysis/statistics/reportreleased/conducted/madeby.,thereisagrowing/increasing/decliningnumberof.who/which.根据.发表的/所做的一份调查/分析/统计数据/报告,.的数目呈上升/下降的趋势.33.Onceinanewspaper/magazine,Ihitupon(cameacross)thereportthat.有一次,在一份报纸/一本杂志上,我看到过一篇报道.34.Thiscasehasarousedechoesthroughoutthecountry,withmoreandmorepeoplefollowingitslead,butideasaboutitvarywidely.这个时间在全国产生了反响,随着越来越多的人步其后尘,对它的看法却有很大的不同.35.Thediscussionaboutwhetherornot.isaverycontroversialone.Therearepeopleonbothsidesoftheargumentwhohavestrongfeelings.关于是否.的讨论是个很有争议性的问题.争论的双方情绪都非常激动.36.Thosewhocriticize/oppose/objectto/areagainst.contend/argue/holdthat.butpeoplewhoadvocate/favor/arefor.,ontheotherhand, maintain/assert/claimthat.批评/反对.的人争论/认为.,但是支持/赞成.的人则认为/声称.37.Someargue/holdthat.,butotherssetforthatotallydifferentargumentabouttheissueof.有些人争论/认为.,但另外一些人则对.的问题提出了完全不同的观点.38.Theothersideofthecoinhasvoicedstrongoppositionsayingthat.争论的另一方发表了强烈的反对声音,声称.文章开头句型1-1对立法:先引出其他人的不同看法,然后提出自己的看法或者偏向于某一看法,适用于有争议性的主题.例如(e.g)1.Whenaskedabout.,thevast/overwhelmingmajorityofpeoplesaythat.ButIthink/viewabitdifferently.2.Whenitcomesto.,somepeoplebelievethat.Othersargue/claimthattheopposite/reverseistrue.Thereisprobablysometruth inbothagreements/statements,but(Itendtotheprefer/latter.)3.Now,itiscommonly/generally/widelybelieved/held/acknowledged that.Theyclaim/believe/arguethat.ButIwonder/doubtwhether.1-2现象法引出要剖析的现象或者问题,然后评论.1.Recentlytheriseinproblemof/(phenomenonof).hascause/arousedpublic/popular/wide/worldwideconcern.2.Recentlytheissueoftheproblemof/thephenomenonof.hasbeenbroughtintofocus.(hasbeenbroughttopublicattention)3.Inflation/Corruption/Socialinequality.isyetanotherofthenewandbittertruthwehavetolearntofacenow/constantly.-Tobecontinued!1-3观点法-开门见山,直接了当地提出自己对要讨论的问题的看法.1.Neverhistoryhasthechangeof.beenasevidentas.Nowhereintheworld/Chinahastheissue/ideaofbecome morevisible/popularthan.2.Nowpeopleingrowing/significantnumbersarebeginning/comingtorealize/accept/(beaware)that.3.Nowthereisagrowingawareness/recognitionofthenecessityto.nowpeoplebecomeincreasinglyaware/consciousoftheimportanceof.4.Perhapsitistimetohaveafreshlookattheattitude/ideathat.1-4引用法-先引出名人名言或者有代表性的看法,来引出文章要展开论述的观点!1.Knowledgeispower.suchistheremarkmadebyBacon. Thisremark hasbeensharedbymoreandmorepeople.Educationisnotcompletewithgraduation.SuchistheopinionofagreatAmericanphilosopher.Nowmoreandmorepeoplesharehisopinion.2.Howoftenwehearsuchstatements/wordslikethose/this.Inourowndaysweareusedtohearingsuchtraditionalcomplainsas this.1-5比较法-通过对过去,现在两种不同的倾向,观点的比较,引出文章要讨论的观点.1.Foryears,.hadbeenviewedas.Butpeoplearetakingafresh looknow.Withthegrowing.,people.2.Peopleusedtothinkthat.(Inthepast,.)Butpeoplenowsharethisnew.1-6故事法-先讲一个较短的故事来引发读者的兴趣,引出文章的主题.1.Oncein(anewspaper),Ireadof/learnt.Thephenomenonof.hasarousedpublicconcern.2.Ihaveafriendwho.Shouldhe.?Suchadilemmaweareoftenconfrontwithinourdailylife.3.Onceuponatime,therelivedamanwho.Thisstorymaybe(unbelievable),butitstillhasarealisticsignificancenow.1-8问题法-先用讨论或解答的设问,引出自己观点,适用于有争议性的话题.Should/What.?Optionsof.varygreatly,some.,others.Butinmyopinion,.2文章中间主体内容句型原因结果分析3-1-1.基本原因-分析某事物时,用此句型说明其基本的或者多方面的原因.1.Why.?Foronething.Foranother.2.Theanswertothisprobleminvolvesmanyfactors.Foronething.Foranother.Stillanother.3.Anumberoffactors,bothphysicalandpsychologicalaffect./bothindividualandsocialcontributeto.3-1-2另一原因-在分析了基本原因之后,再补充一个次要的或者更重要时用!1.Anotherimportantfactoris.2.isalsoresponsibleforthechange/problem.3.Certainly,the.isnotthesolereasonfor.3-1-3后果影响-分析某事物可能造成的后果或者带来的影响.1.Itwillproduceaprofound/far-reachingeffect/impacton.2.Ininvolvessomeseriousconsequencefor.比较对照句型3-2-1.两者比较-比较两事物,要说出其一超过另一个,或肯定一事物的优点,也肯定其缺点的时候用!1.TheadvantagesgainedfromAaremuchgreaterthantheadvantages wegainfromB.2.Indeed,AcarriesmuchweightwhencomparedwithB.3.Thereisnodoubtthatithasitsnegativeeffectsaswellaspositiveeffects.3-2-2.两者相同/相似-比较两事物共同都有或者共同都没有的特点时用!1.AandBhaveseveralthingincommon.Theyaresimilarinthat.2.Abearssomestrikingresemblance(s)toB.文章结尾形式2-1结论性-通过对文章前面的讨论,引出或重申文章的中心思想及观点.1.Fromwhathasbeendiscussedabove,wemaysafelydrawtheconclusionthat.2.Insummary/Inaword,itismorevaluable.2-2后果性-揭示所讨论的问题若不解决,将产生的严重后果.1.Wemustcallforanimmediatemethod,becausethecurrentphenomenonof.,ifallowedtoproceed,willsurelyleadtotheheavycostof.2.Obviously,ifweignore/areblindtotheproblem,thereiseverychancethat.willbeputindanger.2-3号召性-呼吁读者行动起来,采取行动或提请注意.1.Itistimethatweurgedanimmediateendtotheundesirabletendencyof.2.Itisessentialthateffectivemeasuresshouldbetakentocorrectthetendency.2-4建议性-对所讨论的问题提出建议性的意见,包括建议和具体的解决问题的方法.1.Whileitcannotbesolvedimmediately,stillthereareways.Themostpopularis.Anothermethodis.Stillanotheroneis.2.Awareness/Recognitionoftheproblemisthefirststeptowardthe situation.2-5方向性的结尾方式-其与建议性的唯一差别就是对问题解决提出总的,大体的方向或者指明前景.1.Manysolutionsarebeingofferedhere,allofthemmakesomesense,butnoneisadequateenough.Theproblemshouldberecognizedinasideway.2.Thereisnoquickmethodtotheissueof.,but.mightbehelpful/beneficial.3.Thegreatchallengetodayis.Thereismuchdifficulty,but.2-6意义性的结尾方式-文章结尾的时候,从更高的更新的角度指出所讨论的问题的重要性以及其深远的意义!1.Followingthesesuggestionsmaynotguaranteethesuccess,butthepayoffmightbeworththeeffort.Itwillnotonlybenefitbutalsobenefit.2.Inanycase,whetheritispositiveornegative,onethingiscertainthatitwillundoubtedly.第 9 页 共 9 页