自学考试英语翻译词语翻译.doc

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一、考试题型暨测试重点分析 I. 词语翻译（英译汉；汉译英） II. 单句改译（英语句子改译；汉语句子改译） III. 单句翻译（英译汉；汉译英） IV. 语篇翻译（英译汉；汉译英）二、冲刺班内容 I. 词语翻译（课本内容总结） II. 单句改译（考点及技巧解析） III. 单句翻译（技巧分析及重点总结） IV. 语篇翻译（翻译方法讲解）第一部分词语翻译（课本内容总结）第一课：英语时政要闻汉译词语英译汉： nuclear proliferation　核扩散 economic recovery　经济复苏 freedom of speech and assembly　言论和集会自由 national security adviser　国家安全事务助理第二课：汉语时政要闻英译词语汉译英：政府网　the website of the central government 新华网　the web site of Xinhua News Agency 十二五　the 12th Five-Year Plan 国计民生　national development and people's livelihood 任期　tenure of office 恪尽职守　to perform one’s duty honestly 稳定物价　price stabilization 货币流动性　the monetary flow 通胀预期　inflation expectations 调控措施　readjustment measures 囤积居奇　cornering the market 哄抬物价　jack up prices 保障性住房　economy houses 棚户区　shantytown 投机性住房需求　speculative housing demands 捂盘惜售　property hoarding 圈地不用　keeping purchased land unused 医疗改革　health care reform 第三课：英语时事评论汉译词语英译汉： economic reach　经济影响力 achieve eminence　脱颖而出 a zero-sum game　得失相抵的较量 exceptionalism　例外论 Sino-American relationship　中美关系第四课：汉语时事评论英译词语汉译英：贫富差距　gap between the rich and the poor 基尼系数　Gini coefficient 平均主义　egalitarianism 限高　upper limit 关税　customs duty 增值税　value added tax 营业税　business tax 资源税　resource tax 地下经济　illegal underground economy 偷漏税　tax evasion 弱势群体　the disadvantaged group 基础阶层　people at the bottom level 兜底　guaranteed income system 社会保障事业　social security undertakings 转移支付　social transfer payments 垄断经营　monopolized operation 垄断利润　monopoly profits 垄断行业　monopoly trades 特许经营　franchise 暴利　colossal profits 邮电通讯　post and telecommunications 公共事业部门　public institutions 第五课：英语经贸资料汉译词语英译汉： equality of opportunity 机会均等 social class background 社会背景 inherited privilege 继承的特权 business section 商务专栏 foreign aid 对外援助 federal budget 联邦预算 Federal Reserve Bank 联邦储备银行 the entertainment industry 娱乐业 show business 演艺业第六课：汉语经贸资料英译词语汉译英：货币疲软 teetering currency rates 购买力 purchasing power 大中型国有企业 large and medium-sized state enterprises 外贸体制改革 the reform of China’s foreign trade regime 以质取胜 fine quality or else no export 售前售后服务 good service before and after sales 附加值 the added value 名特优新产品 premium and novel products “拳头”产品 “hard-punch” items 市场多元化 geographical diversification 不能在一棵树上吊死 It is no good to “put all our eggs in one basket” 大显身手 make a good killing 站稳脚根 weather over the bad times 优惠政策 preferential policies 基础设施 infrastructure 外资 foreign investment 劳工问题 labor problem 金融危机 financial crisis 消费市场 consumer market 市场坚挺 steady market 第七课：英语科技资料汉译词语英译汉： Silicon Valley 硅谷 genetic alteration 转基因 crude oil 原油 science fiction 科幻小说 renewable petroleum 可再生汽油 hydrogen fuel 氢燃料 carbon negative 负碳的 the raw materials 原材料 industrial yeast 工业酵母 nonpathogenic strains 非病原菌株 E. coli 大肠杆菌 custom-designing 定制设计 fatty acid 脂肪酸 byproduct 副产品第八课：汉语科技资料英译词语汉译英：聚丙烯 polypropylene 聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇醋 polyethylene glycol terephthalate 中国科学院 the Chinese Academy of Science 抽纱 to draw yarn 化学分解 chemical decomposition 水解 hydrolysis 醇解 alcoholysis 单体 monomer 低相对分子质量物质 substances with relatively low- molecular mass 高分子合成的原料 high-molecular synthetic materials 化纤车间 a chemical fiber workshop 涤纶短纤维 short polyester fibers 洗涤剂瓶 detergent bottles 环保运动服 environment-friendly sportswear 环保晴雨两用衣 environment-friendly all-weather clothes 化学物质 chemical substance 对苯二甲酸 terephthalic acid 乙二醇 ethylene glycol 再生树脂 regenerated resin 环保事业environment-friendly undertaking 第九课：英语自然探秘资料汉译词语英译汉： global warming 全球气候变暖 nuclear facilities 核设施 flash floods 山洪 sea-ice cover 海冰覆盖面积 greenhouse gases 温室气体 fossil-fuel emissions 化石燃料的排放 solar variation 太阳的变化 air mass 气团 satellite measurements 卫星测量 carbon-dioxide effect 二氧化碳效应第十课：汉语自然探秘资料英译词语汉译英：低空大气层 the lower atmosphere 水汽凝结物 condensed matters of the vapor 水平能见度 horizontal distance of visibility 轻雾 light fog 大雾 thick fog 浓雾 heavy （or dense）fog 辐射雾 radiation fog 平流雾 advective fog 蒸汽雾 steam fog 上坡雾 up-slope fog 锋面雾 frontal surface fog 病害 plant disease 抽穗 to ear up 赤霉病 wheat scab 气管炎 tracheitis 咽喉炎 pharyngolaryngitis 结膜炎 conjunctivitis 千姿百态 appear in various shapes and postures 云雾缭绕 be enveloped in mists and clouds 第11课：英语文化习俗资料汉译词语英译汉： Passport to the Pub: The Tourists’ Guide to Pub Etiquette 《酒吧护照：旅游者酒吧仪俗指南》第12课：汉语文化习俗资料英译词语汉译英：中国社会调查事务所 China’s Social Survey Office “洋节” Western festivals 中国传统节日 traditional Chinese festivals 西学东渐 Western learning being introduced into China 农耕社会 agrarian society 情人节 Saint Valentine’s Day 复活节 Easter Sunday 万圣节 All Saints’ Day 感恩节 Thanksgiving Day 坚船利炮 armored ships with big guns 民族认同感 the sense of national identity 儒学经典 Confucian teachings 封建残余 feudalist vestiges 端午 the Dragon Boat Festival 中秋 Mid-Autumn Day 法定假日 legal holidays 　　《全国节日及纪念日放假办法》“Solution to the Holiday Problem of Festivals and Anniversaries” 联合国教科文组织 the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization（UNESCO）教师节 Teachers Day 文化自轻 cultural belittlement 自我殖民 self-colonization 第13课：英语医疗保健资料汉译词语英译汉： the death tolls 死亡人数 exotic organisms 外来微生物毒 lethal strain 致命的病毒品种 asteroid impact 小行星撞击 white blood cell 白细胞 temperature hike 体温骤升 warning systems 预警系统 side-effects 副作用 loss of appetite 食欲减退 genetic variation 基因变异第14课：汉语医疗保健资料英译词语汉译英：非典型性肺炎 severe actue respiratory syndrome（SARS）免疫系统 immune system SARS疫区 a SARS-affected area 痊愈率 recovery rate 预防措施 precautions 培养信念 foster our faith 第15课：英语教育资料汉译词语英译汉： global integration 全球一体化 geopolitical stability 地缘政治稳定 global career 世界性职业 the movement across borders 跨国界迁移 research university 研究型大学 summer internship 暑期实习 doctoral degrees 博士学位 videoconference seminars 视频会议研讨班 on-the-job training 在岗培训 mainframe computer 计算机主机 integrated circuit 集成电路 internet infrastructure 互联网基础设施 Silicon Valley 硅谷 MIT 麻省理工学院第16课：汉语教育资料英译词语汉译英：筹建阶段 a phase of preparation 金融贸易区 Financial and Trade Zone 国际著名高等学府 prestigious international universities 中外合作办学 Sino-foreign cooperative education 鲇鱼效应 catfish effect 纷至沓来 come in flocks 教育部 the Ministry of Education 意向书 a letter of intent 奠基 the cornerstone-laying ceremony 全球网络大学 a global network university 独立法人 an independent legal entity 含金量 the value of sth. 优秀生源 outstanding students 高考 college entrance examination 第17课：英语体育运动资料汉译词语英译汉： the steam engine 蒸汽机 the pneumatic tyre 充气轮胎 the Football Association 国际足协 kicking and grabbing 踢踏或者拉拽 Rugby Football Union 橄榄球协会 Wimbledon Tennis Championships 温布尔登网球赛 Grand Slam 大奖赛 the physical and mental condition 体能和健康 athletic disciplines 运动规则第18课：汉语体育运动资料英译词语汉译英：中华民族精神 the spirit of the Chinese nation 古老文明意蕴 the deeper import of the ancient civilization 华夏子孙品格 he character of Cathay’s descendents 奥林匹克史诗 the Olympic epic 经典华章 as a classic chapter 东方思想 eastern ways of thinking 民族气韵 the nation’s lasting appeal 人文特质 cultural quality 精诚所至，金石为开 Complete sincerity can affect even metal and stone 和平、友谊、进步 peace, friendship, and progress of mankind 更快、更高、更强faster, higher, and stronger 第19课：英语旅游资料汉译词语英译汉： Place de la Concorde Paris 巴黎协和广场 Washington’s Pennsylvania Avenue 华盛顿宾夕法尼亚大街 Buckingham Palace 白金汉宫 financial districts 金融中心 Globe Theatre 全球剧院 two-way radios 对讲机 slum houses 贫民窟 council flats 政府公寓 drug abuse 吸毒 racial hatred 种族歧视 Chinese gateways 中国式牌楼 London’s Chinese Culture Association 伦敦中国文化协会 Chinese ceramics 中国陶瓷 Ode to a Nightingale 《夜莺颂》 Victorian lecture room 维多利亚演讲堂第20课：汉语旅游资料英译词语汉译英：树木苍翠 exuberant trees 流水潺潺 babbling streams 洪水肆虐 rampant floods 大禹 Yu the Great 碳酸钙 calcium carbonate 奇花异草 exotic flowers and rare herbs 灿烂如缤纷 a dazzling sight 深邃莫测 be of immeasurable depth 庙会 a temple fair 喧腾 be bustling with activity 石灰岩地质 a limestone composition 岩溶地貌 a geological formation unique to a karst region 桂林山水 the Guilin Landscape in Guangxi 云南石林 the Stone Forest in Yunnan 九寨沟自然保护区 Jiuzhaigou Natural Reserve 第21课：英语名人演讲汉译词语英译汉： Partisan feeling 党派的门户之见 President-elect 候任总统 partisan rancor 党派之争结下的仇恨 the U.S. Supreme Court 美国最高法院 ruling principle 核心原则 Electoral College 总统选举团 popular will 公众意愿 Declaration of Independence 《独立宣言》第22课：汉语名人演讲英译词语汉译英：国际奥委会 IOC 国际奥委会评估团 IOC Evaluation Commission 北京陈述报告 Beijing’s Candidate File 全民健身运动 nationwide fitness campaign 平均预期寿命 average life expectancy 体育设施 sport facilities 奥林匹克友谊合作基金 Olympic Friendship-and-Cooperation Fund 改革开放 reform and opening-up 有朋自远方来，不亦说乎 Is it not a delight after all to have friends come from afar! 第23课：英语汉译散文（无）第24课：汉语散文英译词语汉译英：痛自反省 to introspect with remorse 少壮不努力，老大徒伤悲 One who does not work hard in youth will grieve in vain in old age. 体力渐衰 the approaching of one’s senility 鞭策自己 to spur oneself 悔之晚矣 It is too late to repent 经书 Chinese classics 圈点 to mark words or phrases for special attention with small circles and dots 时作时辍 my efforts at self-study were off and on 同文石印 the Tong Wen lithographic edition 前四史 the First Four Books of History 鼓起勇气 to pluck up enough courage to do sth. 强迫运动 compulsory physical exercises 嬉戏 merry-making 第25课：英语小说汉译（无）第26课：汉语小说英译词语汉译英：连挂式大型公共汽车 an articulated bus 第27课：英语剧本汉译（无）第28课：汉语剧本英译词语汉译英：烂肉面 noodles with minced pork 藤椅 cane/rattan chairs 醉八仙 the intoxicated eight immortals 神食龛 the shrine of the god of wealth 第29课：英语法律文献汉译词语英译汉： on the basis of equality and free will 在平等自愿的基础上 intangible asset 无形资产 all-weather scaling rain and snow meter 全天候称重降水量计 front dispersion visibility instrument 前向散射能见度仪 hot field wind sensor 热场风传感器 technical value 技术价值 registered capital 注册资本 transfer and hand-over formalities 权利转移手续 processing drawing 加工图纸 test-run method 调试方法 testing method 检测方法 to keep in strict confidence 承担严格的保密责任 arbitration procedural rule 仲裁程序规则 come into force and effect 生效第30课：汉语法律文献英译词语汉译英：著作权法 Copyright Law 实施条例 regulations for the implementation of sth. 行使权利 to exercise one’s rights 版式、装帧设计 typographical design 专有使用权 exclusive right of exploitation in sth. 有效期 term of validity 合同约定地区 the territory of execution defined by a contract 经济补偿 economic compensation 保护期 term of protection 著作权人 the copyright owner 国家版权局 National Copyright Administration 著作权公报 copyright bulletin 　　 5

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