德国吉赫兹电磁辐射高频测试仪HF59B操作手册.pdf

数字高频数字高频分析仪分析仪 HF59B HF59B HF Analyzer for Frequencies from 800 MHz to 2.5 GHz(to 3.3 GHz with additional tolerance;ready for Frequencies from 27 MHz with optional Antenna)HF分析仪频率范围从800MHz到2.5GHz（放宽偏差可达3.3GHz；可选天线则到27MHz）数字高频数字高频分析仪分析仪 HF59B Instruction Manual 仪器手册仪器手册 Revision 4.5 版本4.5 This manual will be continuously updated,improved and expanded.You will find the current version at your local distributors homepage or at 本操作手册将不断更新，改善和拓展。您可以在当地的分销商网页或在 www.gigahertz-solutions.de 网站上找到最新版本。Please carefully review the manual before using the device.It contains important advice for use,safety and maintenance of the device.In addition it provides the background information necessary to make reliable measurements.使用该设备前，请仔细阅读本操作手册。它包含有关设备安全、使用和维护的重要建议。此外，它还提供了必要的背景信息以进行可靠的测量。by GIGAHERTZ SOLUTIONS GmbH,90579 Langenzenn,Germany.All rights reserved.No reproduction or distribution in part or total without editors written permission.Professional Technology 专业技术专业技术 With the HF analyzers,GIGAHERTZ SOLUTIONS sets new standards in HF testing.Professional measurement engineering is offered with a unique price/performance ratio-the only one of its kind worldwide.This was made possible through the consistent use of innovative integrated components,as well as highly sophisticated production engineering.Some features have patents pending.GIGAHERTZ SOLUTIONS在高频场强仪方面建立了新的测量标准。在专业测量工程上提供了性价比最好的全球同类产品。这是通过持续创新的集成元件，以及使用高效先进的生产技术。某些功能正在申请专利。The HF analyzer you purchased allows a competent assessment of HF exposures between 800 MHz and 2.5(3.3)GHz,with optional antenna down to 27 MHz.From a building biology perspective,this particular frequency range is particularly relevant because cellular phones,cordless phones,microwave ovens as well as next-generation technologies such as UMTS/3G or Bluetooth and WLAN all make extensive use of it.您购买的高频场强仪可以测试800 MHz至2.5（3.3）GHz之间的高频场强暴露值，使用天线选件可扩展至27MHz。从建筑生物学的角度来看，这个特定的频率范围尤为关注，蜂窝电话，无绳电话，微波炉以及下一代技术，如UMTS/3G或Bluetooth蓝牙与WLAN无线局域网都在广泛使用。数字高频数字高频分析仪分析仪 HF59B We appreciate the confidence you have shown in purchasing this HF Analyzer.With the confidence that your expectations will be met,we wish you great success in collecting valuable information with this HF analyzer.我们非常感谢您在购买本高频场强仪显示的信心。我们有信心将满足您的期望，希望您使用高频场强仪成功收集有价值的信息。If you should encounter any problems,please contact us immediately.We are here to help.如果您遇到任何问题，请立刻联系我们取得帮助：GIGAHERTZ SOLUTIONS GmbH,Germany Am Galgenberg 12,D-90579 Langenzenn,www.gigahertz- For your local distributor please contact www.gigahertz- 数字高频数字高频分析仪分析仪 HF59B Contents Functions&Controls 功能和控制.2 Getting Started 开始.3 Introduction to Properties and Measurement of HF Radiation 高频辐射的属性和测量说明.4 Step-by-Step-Instruction to HF-Measurement 高频测量详细步骤说明 .5 Limiting values,recommendations and precautions 辐射限值，建议和预防 11 Audio Frequency Analysis 音频分析.12 Analysis of the modulated/pulsed signal 调制/脉冲信号分析 13 Use of Signal Outputs 信号输出的使用.13 Battery management 电池管理14 Remediation and Shielding 补救措施和屏蔽.15 Warranty 保修.15 Conversion tables 换算表.16 数字高频数字高频分析仪分析仪 HF59B Safety Instructions:安全说明：安全说明：It is imperative to carefully study the instruction manual prior to using the HF analyzer.Important information regarding safety,use and maintenance is provided herein.在使用高频场强仪前必须认真学习本操作说明书。在此提供了关于安全使用和维护的重要信息。The HF analyzer should never come into contact with water or be used outdoors during rain.Clean the case only from the outside,using a slightly moist cloth.Do not use cleaners or sprays.高频场强仪不应接触到水或雨天户外使用。如果要清洁设备，只能使用略湿的布从外部清洁。请勿使用清洁剂或喷雾剂。Prior to cleaning the HF analyzer or opening the case,shut it off and unplug all extension cords.There are no user serviceable parts inside the instrument.在高频场强仪打开机盒清洁之前，要关闭并拔掉所有连接线。在仪器内没有用户可自行维修的部件。Due to the high sensitivity level,the electronics of the HF analyzer are very sensitive to heat,impact as well as touch.Therefore do not leave the instrument in the hot sun,on a heating element or in other damaging environments.Do not let it drop or try to manipulate its electronics inside when the case is open.高频场强仪的电子设备由于高灵敏度，对高温，冲击以及触摸非常敏感。所以，不要把仪器放在在烈日下或放在发热的物体上或其他有害的环境中。不要摔碰，打开盖子后不要触碰内部的电子电路。This HF analyzer should only be used for the purposes described in this manual and only in combination with supplied or recommended accessories.高频场强仪应该只用于本手册所描述的场所，仅使用我们提供或推荐的配件进行连接。数字高频数字高频分析仪分析仪 HF59B 数字高频数字高频分析仪分析仪 HF59B The HF component of the testing instrument is shielded against interference by an internal metal box at the antenna input(shielding factor ca.35 40 dB)测试仪器的高频元器件被天线输入端的一个内置金属壳屏蔽以防干扰（屏蔽系数约为测试仪器的高频元器件被天线输入端的一个内置金属壳屏蔽以防干扰（屏蔽系数约为35 40dB）Functions and Controls 功能和控制功能和控制 1)Volume control for the audio analysis.音频分析的音量控制。2)Jack,3.5 mm:AC output for the modulated part of the signal,for Audio analysis via PC or headset.3.5毫米插孔：AC输出为信号调制部分，通过PC或耳机进行音频分析。3)Jack,12 15 Volt DC for charging the battery.AC adapter for 230 Volt/50 Hz and 60 Hz is included.For other Voltages/Frequencies please get an equivalent local AC adaptor with the output parameters 12 15 Volt DC/100mA.插孔，12-15伏直流给电池充电用。AC电源适配器230 Volt/50 Hz或60 Hz。对于其他电压/频率，请找当地适合的AC适配器，输出参数12-15 Volt DC/100mA。Caution:If an alkaline battery is used,under no circumstances should the power adapter be connected at the same time,otherwise the battery may explode.注意：如果使用碱性电池，在任何情况下不能同时连接电源适配器，否则电池可能会发生爆炸。4)Measurement ranges 测量范围测量范围 coarse=19.99 mW/m (=19 990W/m)粗略=19.99 mW/m (=19 990W/m)medium=199.9 W/m 中等=199.9 W/m fine=19.99 W/m 精细=19.99 W/m Scaling with external amplifier or damper is different!若使用外接放大器或衰减器，标尺比例是不同的！5)Selector switch for signal evaluation.选择信号评估开关选择信号评估开关 Standard setting:Peak.In peak hold mode you can choose a time setting for the droop rate(Standard=Slow)With the push button(pos.13)you can manually reset the peak hold value.标准设置标准设置：“Peak（峰值）（峰值）”。在峰值保持模式下，您可为丢弃频次（标准=慢）选择时 数字高频数字高频分析仪分析仪 HF59B 间设置。使用按钮（位置13）你可以手动重置“峰值保持”的数值。6)A little bar on the very left of the LCD indicates the unit of the numerical reading:LCD液晶显示屏最左边有一个显示条，显示读数的单位：bar on top=mW/m (Milliwatts/m)显示条在上部=mW/m (Milliwatts/m)bar on bottom=uW/m (Microwatts/m)显示条在底部=uW/m (Microwatts/m)7)DC output,allows you to connect additional instruments,e.g.data logging devices.Scalable to 1 or 2 VDC full scale.DC输出，允许您连接附加仪器，例如数据记录设备。可升级到1或2V全刻度。8)Connecting socket for antenna cable.The antenna is inserted into the cross like opening at the front tip of the instrument.天线电缆的连接插口。该天线插到仪器在前端的“十字开口”处。9)Power Level Adapter Switch for external optional amplifier or attenuator only.For regular use of the instrument the switch should be in pos.0 dB.(Any other position will shift the decimal point to an incorrect position.)仅用于外置可选放大器或衰减器的功率电平适配开关。平常使用时仪器的开关应该是在位置“0dB”。（其他位置将移动小数点到一个不正确的位置）。10)ON/OFF switch.In middle switch position,the audio analysis mode is activated.In upper position .setting,you can additionally hear a signal similar to a Geiger counter,proportional to the field strength1.ON/OFF开关。开关。在中间的开关位置音频分析模式被激活。在上面位置的设定，您还可以听到信号声音如同“Geiger计数器”，正比于场强1。11)Signal fraction:In mode Full,the total signal strength is displayed.In Pulse mode,only the pulsed/amplitude modulated part of the signal is displayed.信号部分信号部分：模式Full，显示所有信号强度。模式Pulse，仅显示信号的脉冲/调幅部分。12)This instrument has an Auto-Power-Off function to avoid unintentional discharge of the battery2 该仪器有“自动关机功能”，以避免以外的电池放电2。13)Push button to reset peak hold.(Push and hold for 2 seconds or until the readings do not further decrease)按下按钮可以复位峰值保持。(按住并保持2秒直到读数不再降低)14)Switch for choosing the Video Bandwidth for the LF-Signal processing.Standard setting:TP30kHz 开关选择视频带宽视频带宽，以处理LF-信号。标准设置：标准设置：TP30kHz 数字高频数字高频分析仪分析仪 HF59B Typical default settings of major functions are marked yellow in the text above.主要功能的典型默认设置在上述文档中以黄颜色标记。1 For this feature the volume control should be turned down completely because otherwise the sound mixes with the audio analysis.Similar to Geiger counter.音量控制功能应该完全关闭，否则会混杂着“音频分析”声音，类似于Geiger计数器。2 The instrument switches off after about 30 Minutes at regular charging level of the battery and after about 3 Minutes when Low Batt.is displayed on the LCD.仪器在常规电量水平时，会在30分钟后关闭，或在LCD显示Low Batt.（低电量）3分种后关闭。Long and short switches 长长/短开关短开关 Some of the switches are recessed in the casing of the instrument to avoid unintentional switching for rarely used functions 一些短开关凹陷在仪器壳体，以防仪器不经常用到的功能被意外开关。Contents of the package 包装标准配置包装标准配置 Instrument 仪表 Attachable antenna 附接天线 NiMH rechargeable Batteries (inside the meter)镍氢可充电池（已装在仪表内）AC-Adaptor AC适配器 Several Adaptor-connectors 若干适配器转换器 Comprehensive instruction manual 综合的操作说明 Check the HF analyzer and its antenna by following the instructions under“Getting Started.“请按照下面的“开始”操作指南，检查高频分析仪及其天线。数字高频数字高频分析仪分析仪 HF59B Getting Started 开始开始 Connecting the Antenna 连接天线连接天线 Screw the angle connector of the antenna connection into the uppermost right socket of the HF analyzer.It is sufficient to tighten the connection with your fingers.(Do not use a wrench or other tools because over tightening may damage the threads.)将天线接口拧进HF分析仪的最上端右侧的插口。用手指拧紧（不要用扳手或别的工具，因为过紧可能损坏螺纹）This SMA connector has gold-plated contacts is the highest quality commercial HF connector in that size.SMA连接头是最高质量的商业的高频镀金触点接头。Carefully check the tight fit of the connection at the antenna tip.This connection,at the tip of the antenna,must not be opened.小心检查天线顶端连接是否紧密。在天线顶端的连接不能开路。At the tip of the antenna,there are two LEDs for monitoring the proper function of all connections of the antenna and the cable during operation.The red one checks the cable,the green one the antenna itself.天线顶端，有两个LED灯监测操作期间天线和馈线连接是否正常，红色检测馈线，绿色检测天线本身。Slide the antenna into the vertical/cross shaped slot at the rounded top end of the HF analyzer.Make sure the antenna cable has no tension and lies below the instrument.It may help to loosen the SMA-connector temporarily to let the cable fall into a relaxed position.将天线插入HF分析仪圆弧顶端的垂直/十字形插槽。确保天线馈线不会过紧，并放置在仪表后面。SMA连接头暂时松开，有助于让馈线自然垂落在“放松”的位置。Do not bend,break or stretch the antenna cable!不要弯曲，折断或者拉直天线馈线！不要弯曲，折断或者拉直天线馈线！The antenna can be used by attaching it to the top end of the HF analyzer or holding it in your hand.When holding the antenna in your hand,please ensure that your fingers do not touch the first resonator or antenna conductors.Therefore it is recommended to hold it at the opposite end.For a precision measurement,the antenna should not be held with your fingers,but be attached to the designated slot at the top end of the HF analyzer.可以将天线连接到HF分析仪顶部，或者用手紧握。当您的手握住天线时，请确定您的手指 数字高频数字高频分析仪分析仪 HF59B 没有接触到第一谐振器或者天线导体。因此建议握住天线的尾部（相反一端），精确测量时，天线不应该用手指握住，而应该附接到HF分析仪顶端指定的插槽中。There are small ferrite-rolls fitted on the connectors of the antenna cable.They serve the purpose of fine-tuning3.Do not remove them!有一些小的ferrite-rolls(铁素体-卷)装在天线电缆连接器上的。他们用于微调作用。不要去除它们！The connection of the UBB27-antenna(option for the HF59B,included in the HFE59B kit)is described in its manual.手册中还介绍了UBB27-天线的连接（HF59B选件，包括在HFE59B套装中）Checking Battery Status 检查检查电池状态电池状态 When the Low Batt indicator appears in the center of the display,measurement values are not reliable anymore.In this case the battery needs to be charged.当显示屏中间出现Low Batt指示时，现在的测量值不可靠，此时电池需要充电。If there is nothing displayed at all upon switching the analyzer on,check the connections of the rechargeable battery.If that does not help try to insert a regular 9 Volt alkaline,(non-rechargeable)battery.If a non-rechargeable battery is used,do not connect the Analyser to a charger/AC adaptor!如果分析仪所有开关打开却没有任何显示，请检查连接的可充电池。如果仍旧没有帮助，尝试插入普通9V碱性电池（不可充电）；如果使用不可充电池，不要连接分析仪到充电器如果使用不可充电池，不要连接分析仪到充电器/AC适配器！适配器！Insert fully charged batteries only.仅插入充足电的电池。Note注意注意 Each time you make a new selection(e.g.switch to another measurement range)the display will systematically overreact for a moment and show higher values that droop down within a couple of seconds.每当你切换一个新的选择开关（例如，切换到另一个测量范围）显示系统会反应过度一会儿，显示过高的数值，之后几秒钟内数值会降落下来。The instrument is now ready for use.In the next chapter you will find the basics for true,accurate HF-measurement.仪表现在可以准备使用。在以下章节中您可以找到真实的、精确的高频测量基础。3 Should they loosen they can be glued again with any household glue 如果松动的地方可以使用任何家用胶水再粘住。数字高频数字高频分析仪分析仪 HF59B Introduction to Properties and Measurement of HF Radiation 高频高频辐射辐射属性和属性和测量测量说明说明 This instruction manual focuses on those properties that are particularly relevant for measurements in residential settings.本手册说明书关注有关住宅环境中测试的属性。Across the specified frequency range(and beyond),HF radiation causes the following effects in materials exposed to it:在指定频率范围（或超过），高频辐射在各种材料中暴露产生以下效果：1.Partial Permeation 部分穿透 2.Partial Reflection 部分反射 3.Partial Absorption.部分吸收 The proportions of the various effects depend,in particular,on the exposed material,its thickness and the frequency of the HF radiation.Wood,drywall,roofs and windows,for example,are usually rather transparent spots in a house.各种影响的比例取决于暴露材料的厚度和高频辐射频率。例如木材，墙体，屋顶和窗户，通常都有相当程度穿透进屋里。Minimum Distance 最小距离最小距离 In order to measure the quantity of HF radiation in the common unit power density(W/m),a certain distance has to be kept from the HF source.The distance depends on the frequency the higher the Frequency the lower the distance.The transition frequency between so called far field and near field conditions is not determined exactly,but here are some typical distances:为测量辐射量的功率密度(W/m)，要与高频辐射源保持一定的距离，距离取决于频率频率越高越小距离。所谓远场和近场条件下的频率临界点很难精确确定，但下面有一些典型的距离：At 27 MHz from ca.27 meters 27MHz约27米 At 270 MHz from ca.2.7 meters 270MHz约2.7米 At 2700 MHz from ca.0.27 meters 2700MHz约0.27米 That means the distances are inversely proportional to the frequencies.这意味着距离成反比于频率。数字高频数字高频分析仪分析仪 HF59B Polarization 极化极化 When HF radiation is emitted,it is sent off with a polarization.In short,the electromagnetic waves propagate either vertically or horizontally.Cellular phone technology,which is of greatest interest to us,is usually vertically polarized.In urban areas,however,it sometimes is already so highly deflected that it runs almost horizontally or at a 45-degree angle.Due to reflection effects and the many ways in which a cellular handset can be held,we also observe other polarization patterns.Therefore it is always strongly recommended to measure both polarization planes,which is defined by the orientation of the antenna.高频辐射发射时，它以“极化”方式发出。简而言之，电磁波以垂直或水平极化传播。我们极为有兴趣的蜂窝电话技术，一般是垂直极化。然而，在市区，有时却是几乎偏转为水平或45度角。因为蜂窝手机的反射影响，以及手机的多种手持方式，也会发现其它极化方式。因此，强烈建议分别测量两个极化面，可以由天线偏转方向来定义。Please note that the LogPer-antenna supplied with this instrument is optimized for one polarization only(vertical if mounted to the instrument-even if the horizontal wing suggests the opposite.)请注意，该仪器提供的对数周期天线仅对其中一个极化方向最为优化（如果安装在仪器上，极化方向为垂直尽管天线的水平翼似乎建议了相反的方向。）Fluctuations with Regards to Space and Time 关于关于空间和时间上的波动空间和时间上的波动 Amplification or cancellation effects can occur in certain spots,especially within houses.This is due to reflection and is dependent on the frequencies involved.Most transmitters or cellular handsets emit different amounts of energy during a given day or over longer periods of time,because reception conditions and network usage change constantly.放大和抵消影响可能同时发生在某一特定点，特别是在屋子里