机械加工英语词库.pdf

1 第第 1 1 章章 切削加工基础知识切削加工基础知识 1.1 切削加工概述 切削 cutting;加工 machining;金属切削 metal cutting(metal removal);金属切削工艺 metal-removal process;金属工艺学 technology of metals;机器制造 machine-building;机械加工 machining;冷加工 cold machining；热加工 hot working;工件 workpiece;切屑 chip;常见的加工方法 universal machining method;钻削 drilling;镗削 boring;车削 turning；磨削 grinding;铣削 milling;刨削 planning;插削 slotting;锉 filing;划线 lineation;錾切 carving;锯 sawing;刮削 facing;钻孔 boring;攻丝 tap;1.2 零件表面构成及成形方法 变形力 deforming force;变形 deformation;几何形状 geometrical;尺寸 dimension;精度 precision;表面光洁度 surface finish;共轭曲线 conjugate curve;范成法 generation method;轴 shaft;1.3 机床的切削运动及切削要素 主运动 main movement;主运动方向 direction of main movement;进给方向 direction of feed;进给运动 feed movement;合成进给运动 resultant movement of feed;合成切削运动 resultant movement of cutting;合成切削运动方向 direction of resultant movement of cutting;切削速度 cutting speed;传动 drive/transmission;切削用量 cutting parameters;切削速度 cutting speed;切削深度 depth of cut;进给速度 feed force;切削功率 cutting power;1.4 金属切削刀具 合金工具钢 alloy tool steel;高速钢 high-speed steel;硬质合金 hard alloy;易加工 ease of manufacturing;切削刀具 cutting tool;刀具 cutter;车刀 lathe tool;主切削刃 main cutting edge;副切削刃 assistant cutting edge;刀体 tool body;刀柄 tool shank;前刀面 rake face;主后刀面 major flank;刀尖 nose of tool;主剖面系 tool orthogonal plane system;切削平面 tool cutting edge plane;主剖面 tool orthogonal plane;2 切削宽度 width of the uncut chip;进给平面系 assumed working plane system;加工表面 transient surface;前角 rake angle;后角 clearance angle;主偏角 tool cutting edge angle;刀尖角 nose angle;1.5 刀具切削过程及磨削机理 塑性变形 plastic distortion;微观组织，显微结构 microstructure;切削力 cutting force;切削温度 cutting temperature;积屑瘤 built-up edge;刀尖磨损 nose wear;月牙洼 crater;残留应力 residual stress;应力 stress;硬度 rigidity;磨削 grinding;砂轮 grinding wheel;磨粒 grain;剪切 shear;摩擦 friction;内力 internal force;1.61.8 切削加工质量、材料的切削加工性、切削液的选择 加工精度 machining accuracy;表面质量 surface finish;工艺性能 technological performance;材料切削加工性指标 machinability index of material;切削液 cutting fluid;切削油 cutting oil;1.9 件的装夹及夹具 定位梢 dowel;定位 allocation;机床夹具 jig;组装线 Assembly line;机械零件 mechanical parts;钳工 locksmith；精加工 finish machining;粗加工 rough machining;气动夹紧 pneuma-lock;同心，同心度 concentricity;垂直度 perpendicular;基准 benchmark;基准线 reference line;夹具 fixture;通用夹具 universal fixture;专用夹具 Fixture for special purpose;可调夹具 adjustable fixture;组合夹具 modular fixture;工序 process;设计基准 designing datum;工艺基准 datum features in process;1.10 金属切削机床 机床 machine tool;机床运动 motion of machine;机床型号 machine tool model;机床加工精度 machining accuracy of machine tool;车床 lathe;普通车床 engine lathe;卧式车床 horizontal lathe;立式车床 vertical lathe;钻床 drill press;镗床 boring machine;铣床 milling machine;磨床 grinder（grinding machine）;牛头刨床 shaper;龙门刨床 planer;3 插床 slotting machine（slotter）;第第2 2章章 常用加工方法综述及加工方案选择常用加工方法综述及加工方案选择 一、车削 车削 turning;车刀 lathe tool;车床 lathe ;普通车床 engine lathe;卧式车床 horizontal lathe;立式车床 vertical lathe;仿形车床 duplicating lathe(copy lathe);转塔车床 turret lathe;细长轴 long slender shaft 纵向车削 straight turning;锥体车削 taper turning;仿形车削 contour turning;端面车削 facing;回转表面 surface of revolution;平面 flat surface;圆面 round surface;仿形表面 contoured surface;退刀槽 recess;卡盘 chuck;尾架 tailstock;床头箱，主轴箱 headstock;销 pin;卡箍 bar clasp;花盘 faceplate;主轴 spindle;二、钻削 钻削 drilling;钻床 drill press;钻头 drill;锪孔 counter boring;内表面 internal surface;铰孔、扩孔 reaming;攻丝 tapping;孔加工 spot facing machining;铰 ream;铰刀 reamer;盲孔 blind hole;麻花钻 twist drill;埋头孔 countersink;锥柄 taper shank;三、镗削 镗削 bore;镗床 boring machine;镗杆 boring bar;纵向镗削 straight boring;表面光洁度 surface finish;卧式镗孔机 horizontal boring machine;四、铣削 铣削 mill;铣床 milling machine;铣刀 milling cutter;缝 Slot;槽 groove;平面 flat surface;圆面 round surface;仿形表面 contoured surface;周铣 Peripheral milling;端铣 face milling;multi model miller;靠模铣床;copy milling machine;仿形铣床;contouring machine;五、磨削 磨削 grinding;磨床 grinder（grinding machine）;外圆磨削 external grinding;内圆磨削 internal grinding(cylindrical grinding);平面磨削 plane grinding abrasive;4 外圆磨床 cylindrical grinding machine;平面磨床 surface grinder;外圆磨床 cylindrical grinding machine;内圆磨床 internal cylindrical machine;成形磨床 form grinding machine;仿形磨床 copy grinding machine;万能工具磨床 universal tool grinding machine;六、拉削 拉削 broaching;拉床 broaching machine;拉刀 broaching tool;外表面拉削 external surface broaching;内表面拉削 internal surface broaching;多功能机床 multifunction machine;多齿刀具 multitooth tool;切屑槽 chip gullet;七、刨削 刨削 planning;牛头刨床 shaper;龙门刨床 planer;龙门刨削 planning;旋臂刨床 radial drilling machine;仿形刨床 copy shaping machine;八、齿轮加工 齿轮加工 gear machining;齿轮 gear;滚齿 gear hobbing;滚齿刀 hobbing cutter;直齿圆柱齿轮 straight toothed spur gear;斜齿圆柱齿轮 helical-spur gear;直齿锥齿轮 straight bevel gear;齿轮齿条 pinion and rack;蜗杆蜗轮 worm and worm gear;九、螺纹加工 螺纹加工 thread machining;螺纹切削 thread cutting;攻丝 tapping;丝锥 tap;板牙 die;螺钉 screw;标准件 standard component;位移 displacement;截面 section;十、光整加工 光整加工 micro finishing;研磨 mull(lapping);研磨剂 lapping compound;研磨膏 paste;研磨机床 lapping machine 抛光 polishing;抛光膏 buffing cream;抛光轮 polishing wheel;抛光机 polisher;珩磨 honing;珩磨轮 honing wheel;珩磨机床 honing machine;超精加工机床 superfinishing machine;超精加工 superfinish;第第3 3章章 机械加工工艺过程机械加工工艺过程 机械加工工艺过程 machining process;工步 step of an operation;工位 work station;工序 process;工艺文件 manufacturing process document;工艺卡片 technological card;工艺规程 process plan;机械加工工艺卡 machining process sheet;工艺设计 technological design;设计基准 designing datum;5 工艺基准 datum features in process;基准重合 consistency of datum feature;基面统一原则 unified datum principle;机械加工工序卡 machining operation sheet;工艺过程设计 process planning;工艺路线 process route;工艺过程卡 process sheet;产品规格 product specification;产品用途 product use;产品责任 product liability;生产线 production line;生产进度计划 production schedule;生产率 productivity;批量生产 batch production;第第4 4章章 切削加工零件结构工艺性切削加工零件结构工艺性 切削 cutting;加工 machining;工件 workpiece;零件 part;毛坯 rough;工艺性能 processing property;装配结构的合理性 rationality of assembly structure;零件结构合理性 rationality of detail structure;标准化 standardization;第第 5 5 章章 先进制造技术先进制造技术 先进制造技术 Advanced Manufacturing Technology;信息技术 information Technology;产品 product;设计 design；加工 machining;检测 check;管理 manage;销售 sell;使用 use;服务 serve;回收 reclaim;计算机集成制造系统 Computer Integrated Manufacturing System（CIMS）;智能制造系统 Intelligent Manufacturing System(IMS);精密工程 precise engineering;成组技术 group technology;方式（法）methodology;柔性制造系统 Flexible Manufacturing System（FMS）;数控机床 numerically controlled machine tool;加工中心 Machining Center（MC）;计算机数字控制 computerized numerical control (CNC);自动换刀装置 automatic tool changer（ATC）;直接数字控制 Direct numerical control（DNC）;分布式数字控制 Distributed numerical control（DNC）;群控 DNC;单机自动化 stand-alone automatization;自动机床 Automatic machine;组合机床 combination machine;专用机床 special machine;NC 钻床 NC drilling machine;NC 磨床 NC grinding machine ;NC 车床 NC lathe;卧式加工制造中心 horizontal machine center;立式加工制造中心 vertical machine center;车间 shop floor;库存 inventory;工艺 process;分类 classification;编码系统 coding system;零件外型 part configuration;工艺规划 process planning;6 单元式制造 cellular manufacturing;小车维修站 Cart maintenance station;零件清洗站 Parts wash station;装卸站 Unload station;回收系统 Recovery system;小车转弯站 Cart turnaround station；集成化 integration;协调 tradeoff;成族零件 family-of-part;换刀装置 Tool changer;机床控制装置 machine control unit;组装线 Assembly line;第第 6 6 章章 先进制造运行模式先进制造运行模式 先进制造运行模式 Advanced Manufacturing Operation Model;计算机集成制造系统 Computer Integrated Manufacturing Systems（CIMS）;精益生产(LP 亦称精良生产)Lean Production;敏捷制造 Agile Manufacturing（AM）;绿色制造 Green Manufacturing;计算机辅助设计 Computer Aided Design(CAD);计算机辅助制造 Computer Aided Manufacturing(CAM);计算机辅助工艺过程设计 Computer Aided process planning(CAPP);物料需求计划 Material Requirements Planning（MRP）;计算机辅助教育 Computer Aided Education(CAE);虚拟制造 Virtual Manufacturing(VM);并行工程 Concurrent Engineering(CE);面向装配的设计 Design For Assembly(DFA);面向制造的设计 Design For Manufacturing(DFM);第第 7 7 章章 特种加工特种加工 特种加工（NTM）Nontraditional Manufacturing;一、电火花加工一、电火花加工 电火花加工 spark-erosion machining;电火花线切割加工 electrical discharge wire cutting;电火花穿孔 spark-erosion drilling;电火花雕刻 spark-erosion carving;二、电解加工二、电解加工 电解加工 Electrolytic machining;三、超声波加工三、超声波加工 超声波加工 Ultrasonic machining;变幅杆 Transducer nose;铜垫圈 Copper washer;放大刀具夹持器Amplifying tool holder;超声波振动 Ultrasonic vibration;银钎焊 Sliver braze;仿形刀具 Shaped tool;蜡焊缝 Wax weld;支持材料 Backup material;磨料悬浮液 Abrasive slurry;吸入管 Suction line;四、激光加工四、激光加工 激光加工 Laser processing;激光束加工 Laser beam machining;激光切割 laser cutting;激光打孔 laser drilling;激光焊接 laser welding;