新人教版高一英语必修三第一单元++Festivals+around+the+world教案之语言点详解.docx

M3Unit1 Festivals around the world新人教版高一英语必修三第一单元Festivals around the world教案之语言点详解词汇详解：.词语辨析1.takeplace/happen/occur/comeabout/breakout【解释】takeplace表示发生、举行、举办，一般指非偶然性事件的发生，即这种事件的发生一定有某种原因或事先的安排。happen作发生、碰巧解，一般用于偶然或突发性事件。occur作发生、想到、突然想起解，其意义相当于happen。comeabout表示发生、产生，多指事情已经发生了，但还不知道为什么，常用于疑问句和否定句。breakout意思为发生、爆发，常指战争、灾难、疾病、火灾或者争吵等事件的发生，也可以表示突然大声叫喊等。【练习】根据句子的意思翻译或按要求填词。1).Greatchangeshave_(发生)inourhometownduringthepasttenyears.2)._(我突然想起)Isawhimonmywayhomeyesterday.3).I_(碰巧)toseeyoursistercryingonmywaytoschoolyesterday.IwasinsuchahurrythatIhadnotimetoaskwhathadhappened_(介词)her?4).WhentheSecondWorldWar_(爆发),Tomwasonlyanewborninfant.5).I llneverunderstandhowit_(发生)thatyouwerelatethreetimesaweek.6).Abigearthquake_(发生)inthesouthofChinalastyear.答案：1).takenplace2).Itoccurredtomethat3).happened;to4).brokeout5).cameabout6).occurred/happened2.celebrate/congratulate【解释】celebrate庆祝，后面跟某个节日或物。congratulate祝贺，一般搭配为congratulatesb.on(doing)sth.祝贺某人某事。【练习】根据句子的意思在括号里填入适当的词。1).Weall_Jessicaonherwinningthefirstprizeinthewritingcompetition.2).AtChristmasthepeopleinthewesterncountrieswill_thebirthofJesus.3).Letsholdapartyto_yourbirthdayandatthesametime_you_yourpassingtheexamination.答案：1).congratulated2).celebrate3).celebrate;congratulate;on3.gather/collect【解释】gather用途较广泛，可用于人、物或无形的抽象事物，如人群的集合，食品、财产、文件、书籍等的收集。强调将分散的东西收集在一起。collect强调为了研究目的而做的有鉴别、有计划的收集，并指为了爱好而做的有条理的安排，对某些事物进行逐渐的收集这两词用不及物动词时用，常可互换，都表聚集；聚拢。【练习】根据句子的意思在括号里填入适当的词。1).Thedustmen_therubbishonceaweek.2).Agroupofpeoplewere_attheaccidentspot.3).She_upherscatteredbelongingsandleft.4).Sowhendidyoustart_antiqueglass?答案：1).collect2).gathering/(collecting)3).gathered/collected4).collecting4.award/reward【解释】awardn.奖品、奖金，指因为作出杰出成就而受奖win/get/receiveanawardforsth.vt.授与、颁发、判给awardsb.sth.=awardsth.tosb.rewardn.赏金、酬金或一些非金钱的报酬asarewardvt.表示报答、酬谢之意rewardsb.forsth./rewardsb.withsth.【练习】根据句子的意思在括号里填入适当的词。1).They_Johnthefirstprizeinthecontest.2).Isthathowyou_meformyhelp?3).Thefilmwonan_itsphotography.答案：1).awarded2).reward3).award;for.词性变化1.beautyn.美，美丽；美人，美的东西beautifuladj.美的，美丽的beautifullyadv.美丽地；优美地beautifyv.美化，变美2.religionn.宗教,信仰religiousadj.宗教的,虔诚的3.satisfyvt.满足；使满意satisfactionn.满意satisfyingadj.令人满意的satisfied感到满意的4.arrivevi.到达，到来arrivaln.到达,到来,到达者/物5.dependvi.依靠,信赖,决定于dependentadj.依靠的,依赖的independentadj.独立的,自主的dependencen.信赖，依赖independencen.独立，自立6.energyn.活力，精力，能源energeticadj.精力充沛的，充满活力的energeticallyadv.精力充沛地，积极地7.apologizevi.道歉，认错apologyn.道歉，认错8.sadadj.悲哀的；十分糟糕的，令人伤心遗憾的sadlyadv.悲哀地；凄惨地sadnessn.悲哀；悲痛；凄惨【练习】用括号内所提供词的适当形式填空。1).Weshouldrespectthe_(religion)activitiesofthelocalpeople.2).Totheexperts _(satisfy),thesickchildhadaquickrecovery.3).Heisthemost_(energy)boyIhaveevermet.4).Nowadayslotsofyoungpeoplewantfinancial_(depend).5).Mikewasarrestedonhis_(arrive)fromNewYork.6).Youmustmakean_(apologize)toyoursisterforbeingsorude.7).Heexpressedhis_(sad)aboutwhathadhappened.8).Theirhouseis_(beauty)decorated.答案：1).religious2).satisfaction3).energetic4).independence5).arrival6).apology7).sadness8).beautifully.重点词汇1.mean(meant,meant)vt.&vi.意思是；意味着；打算；预定【 典例】1).Thesignmeansthattheroadisblocked.这个标志表示此路不通。2).Whatdoyoumeantodowithit?你打算把它怎样处理？3).Imeanyoutoworkasourspokesman.我想请你当我们的代言人。【 重点用法】(sth.)meandoingsth.意味着(sb)meantodosth.打算做hadmeanttodosth.本来打算做某事bemeantfor打算作用；打算给(sth.)bemeanttodosth.被预定/指定/认为做某事Whatdodidyoumeanby.?你是什么意思？【 练习】按要求填空或翻译。1).Canyoutellmewhatthissentence_(mean)?2).Yourfriendship_(mean)agreatdeal_(介词)me.3).InsomepartsofLondon,missingabusmeans_(wait)foranotherhour.4).Whatdidhemean_(介词)sayingthatremark?5).I_（本来打算来）yesterday,butIhadanunexpectedvisitor.6).这些房间是打算用作少年活动中心的。_答案：1).mean2).means;to3).waiting4).by5).hadmeanttocome6).Theseroomsaremeantforthechildrenscentre.2.starvevi.&vt.(使)饿死；饿得要死starvationn.【 u】饿死【 典例】1).Theenemyistryingtostarveustodeath.敌人正在企图饿死我们。2).I mstarving;let shaveabigdinner.我饿得要死了，让我们吃一顿丰盛的晚餐吧。3).Hesaidhewouldstarveratherthanbegforfood.他说他宁愿挨饿也不要饭吃。【 重点用法】starvetodeath=dieofstarvation/hunger饿死starvesbtodeath把某人饿死starveforsth.=bestarvedofsth.=hope/longforsth.希望/渴望得到某物【 练习】用starve的短语的适当形式填空。1).Thousandsofpeople_inAfrica.2).Thesechildrenare_love.3).Thepeopleontheisland_freshwatersinceithadntrainedfornearlyhalfayear.Keys:1).starvedtodeath/diedofstarvation2).starvingfor3).werestarvedof3.beliefn.【 c,u】信任；信仰；信心believevt.&vi.相信【 典例】1).Hehasgreatbeliefinhisdoctor.他对那位医生无比信赖。2).ShehaslostherbeliefinGod.她已不相信上帝（不相信真有上帝）。【 重点用法】havebeliefinsth/sb对某事物/人的真实性和正确性所具有的信心beyondbelief难以置信inthebeliefthat.相信Itismybeliefthat.我相信【 练习】用belief的短语填空。1).Hecametome_Icouldhelphim.2)._thatnuclearweaponsareimmoral.3).Thecrueltyofthemurderswas_.答案：1).inthebeliefthat2).Itismybelief3).beyondbelief4.gainvt.获得；得到n.【 c,u】收获；获利【 典例】该词有三种含义：1).表示经过努力一点一点地获得自己渴望的东西Hehasgainedrichexperienceintheseyears.这些年他已获取了丰富的经验。2).表示速度、重量等慢慢增加Hegainedweightafterrecoveryfromhisillness.康复后他的体重增加了。3).（钟，表）走快Thisclockgainsfiveminutesaday.这只钟每天快5分钟。【 重点用法】gainexperience/fame/independence获得经验/名望/独立gainsth.from从处获得某物gainother srespect/love/trust获得别人的尊敬/爱戴/信任Nopains,nogains.一分耕耘,一分收获。5.admirevt.赞美；钦佩；羡慕admirationn.【 u】钦佩；羡慕【 典例】1).Iadmireyourcourageandwisdom.我钦佩你的勇气和智慧。2).Iadmiredthewayshehadcopedwithlife.我钦佩她面对生活的方式。【 重点用法】admiresb.forsth./doingsth.在某方面钦佩某人inadmiration赞美地/钦佩地【 练习】中译英。1).我们都钦佩他的勇气和胆识。_2).所有认识他的人都羡慕他取得诺贝尔化学奖。_3).我钦佩地看着那小女孩弹钢琴。_答案：1).Wealladmirehimforhiscourageandbravery.2).AllthosewhoknewhimadmiredhimforwinningtheNobelPrizeforchemistry.3).Iwatchedthegirlplayingthepianoinadmiration.6.permissionn.【 u】许可；允许permitvt. 准许；许可；允许permitn. 许可（证）；执照【 典例】Youhavemypermissiontoleave.我准你离开。【 重点用法】with/without(one s)permission得到允许/未经允许asksb.forpermission征求某人的许可givesb.permissiontodosth.permitsb.todosth.允许某人做某事haveone spermission得到某人的同意【 练习】完成句子或用括号内所提供词的适当形式填空。1).Theyenteredthearea_(未经允许).2).Theprisonauthoritiespermit_(visit)onlyonceamonth.3).WehavearrangedtoplaytennisonSaturday,weather_(permit).4).Youwillneedtoobtainplanning_(permit)ifyouwanttoextendyourhouse.答案：1).withoutpermission2).visiting3).permitting4).permission7.remindvt.提醒；使想起【 典例】1).Thisstoryremindsmeofmychildhood.这个故事让我想起了我的童年。2).IremindedGeraldofhispromise.我提醒吉罗德他曾许下的诺言。3).Pleaseremindmetowritetomymothertomorrow.请提醒我明天给我母亲写信。【 重点用法】remindsb.ofsth.使某人想起某事remindsb.of/aboutsth.提醒某人记住某事remindsb.todosth.提醒某人做某事remindsb.that.提醒某人/使某人想起【 练习】中译英。1).这些照片使我想起我的童年。_2).请提醒我要每天服三次药。_答案：1).Thesephotosremindmeofmychildhood.2).Pleaseremindmetotakemymedicinethreetimesaday.PleaseremindmethatIshouldtakemymedicinethreetimesaday.8.forgive(forgave,forgiven)vt.原谅；饶恕【 典例】1).I llneverforgiveyou!我永远都不会饶恕你！2).Heaskedustoforgivehimforwhathehaddonewrong.他请求我们原谅他的错误。【 重点用法】forgivesb.(for)sth.原谅某人的某事forgivedoingsth.原谅做某事【 练习】完成句子或用括号内所提供词的适当形式填空。1).I llnever_(因你所说的话而原谅你)yousaidtome.2).They_(forgive)himforhiscrimes.3).Forgivemy_(interrupt)you.答案：1).forgiveyouforwhat2).forgave3).interrupting.重点词组1.takeplacevi.发生;举行【 典例】1).Thefootballmatchwilltakeplacetomorrow.足球赛将在明天举行。2).Theaccidenttookplace/happenedonlyablockfrommyhome.事故发生在离我家仅一个街区远的地方。【 短语归纳】taketheplaceof(动词短语)代替/取代inplaceof(介词短语)代替；交换takesb splace/taketheplaceofsb.坐某人的座位；代替某人的职务inthelastplace最后inplace放在原来的位置；适合的，恰当的outofplace不在合适的位置；不适当的inthefirstplace(列举理由)首先,第一点inonesplace处于某人的位置,为某人设身处地想一想【 练习】用place短语的适当形式填空。1).Alittlegratitudewouldbe_.2).I matalosswhattodonext.Whatwouldyoudo(ifyouwere)_?3).Plasticshave_manyothermaterials.4).Weuseplastics_manyothermaterials.5).Whilethemanagerwasonholiday,he_.答案：1).inplace2).inmyplace3).takentheplaceof4).inplaceof5).tookhis/herplace2.inmemoryof=tothememoryof纪念；追念【 典例】1).Manyceremoniesareinmemoryoffamouspeople.很多典礼是为了纪念名人的。2).Thestatuewasbuiltinmemoryofthefamousscientist.这个雕像是为了纪念那为有名的科学家而建立的。【 短语归纳】in+n.+of短语：inhonourof为了纪念；向表示敬意inpraiseof歌颂infavorof赞同,支持inchargeof负责inneedof需要insearchof寻找inpossessionof拥有inplaceof代替【 练习】用in+n.+of构成的词组填空。1).Amonumentwassetup_thedeadsoldiers.2).Hefoundedthecharity(兴办那项慈善事业)_hislatewife.3).Ifyouare_anything,don thesitatetoletmeknow.4).Inthediscussion,Iwas_Mr.Li.答案：1).inmemory/honourof2).inmemoryof3).inneedof4).infavorof3.dressup盛装；打扮；装饰【 典例】1).Don tbothertodressup.Comeasyouare.用不著穿讲究衣服就穿平常的衣服来吧。2).Weresupposedtodress(ourselves)upasmoviecharactersfortheparty.我们在晚会上要装扮得像电影中的角色。【 短语归纳】dress短语：dressupforsth.为某事而盛装dressupassb.打扮成为某人bedressedin穿着(衣服或颜色)dresssb./oneself给某人或自己穿衣服【 练习】用dress构成的词组填空。1).Theboy_ashortpant.2).He_ChristmasFathertoamusethechildren.3).Thekidsaretooyoungto_,soshehasto_everymorning.答案：1).wasdressedin2).dressedupas3).dressthemselves;dressthem4.playatrick/trickson对某人搞恶作剧/诈骗/开玩笑；对某人施计谋【 典例】Thekidsarealwaysplayingtricksontheirteacher.孩子们老是对他们的老师搞恶作剧。【 短语归纳】playajoke/jokesonsb.=makefunofsb.开某人的玩笑laughatsb.嘲笑某人【 练习】填介词或用所给词的适当形式填空。1).Hewasletinbyplayingatrick_(介词)theguard.2).Shehated_(play)tricksoninpublic.答案：1).on2).beingplayed5.lookforwardto盼望；期待【 典例】1).Imlookingforwardtoseeingyouthissummervacation.我期待暑假见到你。2).I mreallylookingforwardtoourvacation.我盼望着假期早日到来。【 短语归纳】短语中to是介词，后接名词、代词及动词-ing形式：leadto导致；通向objectto反对referto查阅；提到stickto粘住；坚持addto增加addupto总计compare.to把比作seeto负责，处理getcloseto接近；差点getdownto着手做get/beusedto习惯于payattentionto注意putanendto结束，停止admitto承认devote.to贡献给；致力于【 练习】用所给词的适当形式填空。1).Theboyhurriedforward_(see)theworld-famousoilpaintingbecausehehadbeenlookingforwardto_(see)itforalongtime.2).ThedayIhadbeenlookingforwardto_(come).3).Iusedto_(get)uplate,butnowI musedto_(get)upearly.答案：1).tosee;seeing2).came3).get;getting6.turnup出现；到达；发现；调大(音量等)【 典例】1).It stimeforthemeeting,buthehasn tturnedup.到开会的时间了，但他还没到。2).Pleaseturnuptheradio.Iwanttolistentothenews.请把收音机音量调大,我想听听新闻。【 短语归纳】turn短语：turnon打开(煤气、自来水、电灯等)turnoff关上turndown减弱，降低，拒绝turnaround/about转过身来turnaway转过头turnout生产，制造；(常与to,that连用)结果是turntosb./sth.(forhelp)向求助，查阅【 练习】用turn词组填空。1).Don tworry.Thefileissureto_.2).Please_thetelevision_abit,Ican thearclearly.3).It_thatitwasTimwhobrokethevase.4).Thesadchild_hismotherforcomfort.答案：1).turnup2).turn;up3).turnedout4).turnedto7.keepone sword(=keepone spromise)守信用；履行诺言【 典例】Heneverkeepshisword.他从不履行诺言。【 短语归纳】word短语：breakone sword/promise违背诺言，失信Wordcamethat有消息传来说leaveword留言，口信have/saythelastword下结论；说了算haveawordwithsb.和某人说几句话havewordswithsb.与某人争吵takebackoneswords收回自己说过的话inotherwords换句话说，也就是说ina/oneword总之，简言之inwords用文字beyondwords无法用语言表达【 练习】用word词组填空。1).Hisscorewasonly53._,hefailedintheexam.2).CouldI_withyou,MissJones?3).You llfindthatsheisagirlwhoalways_.4)._,Ithinkhe safool.答案：1).Inotherw