形容词和副词的用法.docx

形容词和副词　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
一、复合形容词的构成
1．副词＋现在分词：hard­working勤劳的
2．名词＋过去分词：man­made人造的
3．名词＋现在分词：time­consuming耗时的
4．名词＋形容词：world­famous世界闻名的
5．数词＋名词：five­star五星级的
6．数词＋名词­ed：three­legged三条腿的
7．数词＋名词＋形容词：five­year­old 5岁的
8．形容词＋过去分词：ready­made现成的
9．形容词＋名词­ed：kind­hearted好心的
10．形容词＋现在分词：ordinary­looking相貌一般的
二、形容词的位置
1．形容词作定语修饰some，any，every，no和body，thing，one等构成的复合不定代词时，需后置。
2．以­able或­ble结尾的形容词可置于前有最高级形容词或only等词修饰的名词后面。
3．成对的形容词可以后置。
4．当“形容词＋介词/不定式”构成的短语作定语时，需后置。
5．当old，long，high，wide，deep等词附有数量词短语作定语时，需后置。
三、多个形容词作定语时的排列顺序
常用的顺序为：限定词(these，those)＋数量形容词(three)＋描绘性形容词(beautiful)＋大小、长短、高低等形体性形容词(large，long，high)＋新旧(old)＋颜色(red)＋国籍(Chinese)＋材料(wood)＋用途(writing)＋被修饰名词(desk)。
四、表语形容词
表语形容词(如：afraid，alone，awake，asleep，alive，alike，ashamed，well，sorry，unable，worth，sure)并非只能作表语，它们还可以作补足语，有的还可作后置定语(一般不作前置定语)。

五、形容词还可作状语：形容词作状语表示伴随或结果，并不表达动词的方式
He lay in bed，wide awake.
六、有些副词置于句首可修饰全句，作评注性状语
Happily for her，her stepmother was kind to her.
七、形容词、副词比较级的一般句式及特殊用法
1．as＋adj./adv.＋as...；as＋adj.＋a/an＋n.＋as...意为“与……一样……”，其否定式为not so/as＋adj./adv.＋as...(与……不一样……)。
I haven’t seen so interesting a film as this for years.
多年来我没有看过像这样有趣的电影了。
2．程度副词＋比较级＋than anyone else/any other＋可数名词单数/all the other＋可数名词复数。
3．比较级的常用修饰语有：far，even，much，still，a little，twice等。
John is far more difficult to get along with than Paul.
4．最高级的常用修饰语有：easily，nearly，almost，by far，about，ever，the second/third...等。还有one of＋形容词最高级＋名词复数。
八、副词enough的用法
1．enough作副词，用来修饰形容词、副词时，要放在所修饰词的后面，但修饰名词时，放在前面或后面都可以。
2．cannot与enough连用，表示“再……也不为过”，这种用法还可用“cannot (never等否定词)．..too...”表达。
I can’t thank you enough.

1．—Volunteering is becoming________popular in China.
—Yeah，people are now aware that helping others is helping themselves.(2010·福建，23)
A．naturally B．successfully
C．splendidly D．increasingly
2．Drunk driving，which was once a ________ occurrence，is now under control.
(2010·福建，32)
A．general B．frequent
C．normal D．particular
3．It took us quite a long time to get to the amusement park.It was ________ journey.
(2010·上海，26)
A．three hour B．a three­hours
C．a three­hour D．three hours
4．I have been convinced that the print media are usually more________and more reliable than television.(2010·浙江，6)
A．accurate B．ridiculous
C．urgent D．shallow
5．Father________goes to the gym with us，although he dislikes going there.(2010·湖南，22)
A．hardly B．seldom
C．sometimes D．never

一、根据汉语提示完成句子
1．In my opinion，your composition is not as interesting as his but yours is ________________(组织地更好) in writing.
2．I have no dreams ________________(除了) to have a happy life.
3．—Sir，do you have any double room ________(可以住的) now?
—Just a moment，I will find out.
4．Keeping ________ hours does good to your ________(有规律地生活对健康有利)．
5．After a long journey，the three of them went back home，________________________(又累又饿)．
6．The doctor will see you again next week.________ (同时)，you must rest as much as possible.
7．We only had 100 and that was ________________________(远远不够) to buy a new computer.
8．The island is ________(同样地) attractive in spring and autumn because of the pleasant weather in both seasons.
二、单项填空
1．I was sleepy.I decided to make myself some ________ coffee so I could work ________.
A．weak；better B．strong；well
C．strong；better D．weak；well
2．—Jim，are you ________ this Saturday?
—Oh，sorry.I need to go to the bookshop ________ the bank on Saturday.
A．convenient；and B．convenient；as well as
C．available；with D．available；as well as
3．After watching the movie Avadar，Mary lay in bed with her eyes ________ open while all her family were ________ asleep.
A．widely；soundly B．wider；soundly
C．widely；sound D．wide；sound
4．I was ________ with my son about his carelessness，which ________ the main cause of his failure in maths.
A．annoyed；were B．amazed；was
C．amazing；were D．annoyed；was
5．This new kind of chemicals will help keep the air，soil and water ________ from pollution.
A．free B．empty C．loose D．short
6．On snowy days，you have to drive very ________ to avoid traffic accidents.
A．cautiously B．neatly
C．smoothly D．properly
7．Boris has a good brain.In fact，I doubt whether anyone in the class has ________ IQ.
A．a high B．a higher
C．the higher D．the highest
8．Their university is located on a beautiful lake，________ of this developing city.
A．southeast thirty miles
B．thirty miles southeast
C．thirty miles to southeast
D．to thirty miles southeast
9．Do you think shopping online will ________ take the place of shopping in stores?
A．especially B．frequently
C．merely D．finally
10．Ernest visited the South Pole because he wanted to see one of the ________ regions in the world.
A．colder B．coldest
C．more coldly D．most coldly
11．The early train is ________ to leave at 5 in the morning.
A．possible B．probable
C．due D．available
12．The meeting starts at 3 o’clock ________.We have to go now.
A．sharp B．exact
C．right D．accurate

13．Those T­shirts are usually 35 each，but today they have a ________ price of 19 in the shopping center.
A．regular B．special
C．cheap D．particular
14．A person’s ________ body temperature is about 37℃.
A．ordinary B．normal
C．common D．usual
15．The new machine，as is reported in the local newspaper，will work twice as fast，________ greatly reducing costs.
A．thus B．anyhow C．yet D．even
16．I actually prefer to stay up ________ at night，but not when I’m working the next day.
A．deeply B．deep C．lately D．late
17．Intelligence doesn’t ________ mean success.You need to work hard as well.
A．honestly B．formally
C．simply D．necessarily
18．I must be getting fat—I can ________ do my trousers up.
A．fairly B．hardly
C．nearly D．seldom
19．We decided not to climb the mountains because it was raining ________.
A．badly B．hardly
C．strongly D．heavily

答案
感悟高考
1．D　[句意为：——志愿服务在中国正变得日益流行起来。——是的，人们现在意识到帮助别人就是在帮助他们自己。A项意为“自然地”；B项意为“成功地”；C项意为“极好地”；D项意为“日益，渐增地”。只有D项符合句意。]
2．B　[句意为：醉酒驾驶，过去曾经是一件经常的事，现在被控制住了。general一般的；frequent经常的；normal正常的；particular特别的。根据句意选B。]
3．C　[考查数词＋连字符＋名词的用法。连字符连接的词作名词的定语且用单数，意为“三小时的路程”。]
4．A　[句意为：我确信印刷的媒体材料比电视更精确、更加可靠。accurate精确的；ridiculous可笑的，荒谬的；urgent紧急的，急迫的；shallow浅的，肤浅的。由句意可知，A项符合语境。]
5．C　[句意为：尽管父亲不喜欢去体育馆，但有时也和我们一起去。hardly几乎不；seldom很少；sometimes有时；never从不。]
领悟语法
一、1.better organized　2.other than　3.available 4．regular；health　5.hungry and tired　6.Meanwhile 7．nowhere near enough　8.equally
二、1.C　[根据句意，第一空用strong coffee，浓咖啡才能提神；第二空表示比较，意为“比现在工作得更好”，故用well的比较级。]
2．D　[convenient的主语不能为人，常用于it is convenient for/to sb.结构，先排除A和B两项；根据答语意思“既要去书店又要去银行”可知，第二空要用as well as。]
3．D　[表示眼睛睁得大、嘴张得大等时，要用wide修饰open；表示“酣睡”时，常用be sound/fast/deep asleep或sleep soundly来表达。]
4．D　[关系代词which指代先行词carelessness，从句谓语动词应该用单数，先排除A和C项；annoyed表示“生气的”，符合句意。句意为：我对儿子的粗心很生气，这(粗心)是他数学不及格的主要原因。]
5．A　[free表示“免于，不受……的影响”。句意为：这种新的化学物质将有助于使空气、土壤和水免受污染。]

6．A　[cautiously谨慎地；neatly整洁地；smoothly平滑地；properly适当地。句意为：在下雪天，你必须谨慎驾车以避免交通事故。]
7．B　[根据题干内容可知，这里是将Boris的智商与班里其他同学的智商进行比较，因此应该用比较级，排除A、D两项；另外，这里是表泛指，因此用不定冠词，故B项正确。]
8．B　[表达“在……地方多远”时，一般先“距离”，然后“方位”，表示方位的词前加to the，但to the也可以省略，所以C项如果改成thirty miles to the southeast也可以，据此选B项。]
9．D　[especially特别，尤其；frequently经常；merely仅仅；finally最终。句意为：你认为网上购物最终会替代商场购物吗？]
10．B　[这里应该用最高级the coldest，故选B项。句意为：Ernest去了南极，因为他想去看看世界上最冷的地方。]
11．C　[be due to do意为“预定、打算……”。]
12．A　[sharp此处为adv.表“整”。]
13．B　[a special price意为“特价”。]
14．B　[normal temperature指“正常体温”。]
15．A　[thus后接现在分词在句中通常作结果状语。]
16．D　[late作副词，表“(具体意义的晚)”，stay up late指“熬夜很晚”。]
17．D　[necessarily用于否定句时，意为“(不)一定，(未)必”。]
18．B　[hardly意为“几乎不”。]
19．D　[heavily此处意为“密集地，稠密地”，rain heavily 指