薄膜型太阳能电池.pdf

DuPont Photovoltaic Solutions DuPontLatest developments in thin-film encapsulant technologyAugust 18,2011J.I.KimRegional Technical Services LeaderMaterials Cost Impact on PV Cells&ModulesCrystalline SiliconThin FilmSiliconMetal(51%)Bill of MaterialsMetallizationPastes(12%)Backsheet Film(8%)Front Glass(6%)Encap Film(6%)Junction Box(5%)Other Matls(12%)TCO FrontGlass(29%)Module Frame(25%)Glass or Backsheet(13%)Gases&Targets(11%)Encapsulant Film(7%)Junction Box(6%)Reflector Paint(4%)Conductive Ribbon(1%)Other Materials(4%)With encapsulants at only 6-7%of module cost,the largest cost impact comes from choosing the optimal encapsulant to enable overall system cost reductionsExamples of Required Encapsulant AttributesDurability25 years no delaminationCell efficiency over life of moduleMeets operating temperature requirementsLow System CostCompatibility with Top Coat MaterialLow Moisture PermeabilityProtect the Cell from CorrosionHigh Resistivity=Low Current LeakageSafety requirementImportant in maintaining cell efficiency over lifetimeEase of Processing with High Thru-putAutoclaveVacuum laminatorNo Lamination DefectsNo bubbles Ease of HandlingEncapsulant Requirements for Thin Film Glass/Glass ModulesPVBEncapsulant Materials*PolyolefinPropertyResistivityMoisture IngressUV DurabilityHigh ModulusLow ModulusThermoplasticTransmittanceFlow PropertiesImpact Electrical Insulation Cell degradation Yellowing/Degradation Laminate strength Internal Stress Relief Yield,rework Module Energy Output Works with multiple lamination technologiesEVAIonomerRelative Performance of Encapsulantsin Thin Film,Glass/Glass Modules*Colors based on published data or DuPont Internal TestingPoor Best Performance SpectrumBOSBack EndFront EndDPVS Technology Roadmap-Thin Film Rigid2009201020112012PV 5200 Encapsulant Optimized PVB based films for glass-glass modules.PV 5300 Encapsulant High strength/low permeability films for reduced system costs.Functionalized Encapsulants Higher reflectivity PVB&ionomer systems for efficiency gains.Up to$0.20/WModule Installation Integrated material solutions for total installed system cost reduction.$0.8/W cost reduction targetUp to$0.45/WUp to$0.20/WSavingsAdvanced TCO LayersNew oxide systems with better cost-performance.Front Glass EnhancementsMaterials and processes to improve light trapping,self cleaning.Back End Process improvement Optimized encapsulant&lamination processes.Enabling MaterialsReduced LCOE via:InnovationMaterials Innovations Contribute to Lower Costs Reflective EncapsulantFilmsModule CostEncapsulantsThin high reflective encapsulant DuPont PV5223 0250100 encapsulant films introduced to market in April 2010 50%higher reflectivityPaint elimination?lower cost,process simplification 40%encapsulant thickness reduction00.10.20.30.40.50.60.70.80.913504505506507508509501050Wavelength,nmReflectancePV5223-0250100White paintWider Lamination processing window&lower material consumptionWhite reflective DuPont PV5223-0250100 encapsulant sheet is textured for easy de-airing in Oerlikon Solars multi-stack laminating process.At 0.45-mm thickness,new DuPontPV5223 0250100 white PVB encapsulant sheet is more than 40%lighter-weight than traditional 0.76-mm clear PVB.Enabling MaterialsReduced LCOE via:InnovationThermoplasticIonomer FilmsModule CostEncapsulantsLower moisture ingress DuPont Ionomer film was introduced to market in 2009 Unique properties are ideal for glass-glass PV modules Cost savings of$3/panel by elimination of edge sealingPV modules moisture ingress after 2000hr DH0.000.050.100.150.200.250.300.350.400.4502468101214161820Distance from Edge(cm)%MoistureEVAIonomerMaterials Innovations Contribute to Lower Costs Ionomers have Excellent Solar TransmissionTotal Solar Transmission80.082.084.086.088.090.092.094.0300400500600700800900100011001200Wavelength(nm)%T33%VA EVA28%VA EVAIonomer AIonomer BEnabling MaterialsReduced LCOE via:InnovationIonomer FilmsBOS CostEncapsulants,Thin GlassStronger laminates Reduced weight can reduce BOS costs Impermeable barrier for moisture sensitive technologies Laminate life well demonstrated in PV and architectural useDuPont PV5300 Ionomertougher(5x)and stiffer(100 x)vs.PVBThin float glass0.3mm to 1.1mmGlass-like durabilityWith polymer-likeweightMaterials Innovations Contribute to Lower Costs Bending Data clearly shows the strength of Ionomer/Glass laminatesThe bending test showed the high strength of ionomer-glass laminates0 0 0 050505050100100100100150150150150200200200200250250250250-20-20-20-20-10-10-10-100 0 0 0101010102020202030303030404040405050505060606060Glass/Ionomer/GlassGlass/EVA/GlassGlass/PVB/GlassEVAPVBTemperature(deg.C)Breakage Load(N)Fig.Shimadzu Autograph(AG-X)1kN load cell,3 point bending,Sample:15*90*t3.0mm142N65N51NTest results Test results Bending testBending test(PV5300)The bending test showed the high strength of ionomer-glass laminates0 0 0 050505050100100100100150150150150200200200200250250250250-20-20-20-20-10-10-10-100 0 0 0101010102020202030303030404040405050505060606060Glass/Ionomer/GlassGlass/EVA/GlassGlass/PVB/GlassEVAPVBTemperature(deg.C)Breakage Load(N)Fig.Shimadzu Autograph(AG-X)1kN load cell,3 point bending,Sample:15*90*t3.0mm142N65N51NTest results Test results Bending testBending test(PV5300)Enabling MaterialsReduced LCOE via:InnovationModifiedIonomer FilmsModule CostEncapsulantsFaster lamination cycle DuPont PV8600*modified ionomer will be available outside Japan in 2011 Designed for modules with backsheet construction Laminates faster than EVA Brings capital cost savings in laminators and/or curing ovensMaterials Innovations Contribute to Lower Costs*available in Japan as DuPont PV8600 Himilan ES Encapsulant SeriesStandard cure typeEVAFast cure typeEVAPV8600125 x 5min150 x 16min150 x 6minLaminationUsed mainly outside JapanStandard processNon cure processShorter Lamination timeRemarks150 x 60minCure processStandard cure typeEVAFast cure typeEVAPV8600125 x 5min150 x 16min150 x 6minLaminationUsed mainly outside JapanStandard processNon cure processShorter Lamination timeRemarks150 x 60minCure processWe are recommending 150 3min 5minas a laminationcondition to our customers.DuPont PV8600 Lamination PerformanceOther benefits include improved moisture resistance and excellent corrosion resistance Data above is measured with no backsheet.Damp Heat testing of DuPontPV8600 in contact with silver coupons shows no change after 1000hrsDuPont PV8600-Moisture barrier high temp.0 0 0 050505050100100100100150150150150200200200200250250250250300300300300350350350350Moisuture PermeabilityMoisuture PermeabilityMoisuture PermeabilityMoisuture Permeability(g g g g/m m m m2 2 2 2 mmmmmmmm daydaydayday)40*90%RH40*90%RH40*90%RH40*90%RH60*90%RH60*90%RH60*90%RH60*90%RH85*90%RH85*90%RH85*90%RH85*90%RHPV8600PV8600PV8600PV8600EVAEVAEVAEVANo changeInter connectorNo changeAg PlateNo changeMo substratePV8600No changeInter connectorNo changeAg PlateNo changeMo substratePV8600Test condition：85*90%RH*1000hMetal plateStructure:Glass/PV8600/Metal plates/PV8600/GlassDuPont PV8600-CorrosionEnabling MaterialsReduced LCOE via:InnovationHigh VA EVAEfficiencyEncapsulantsMore transparent encapsulant Measurable increase in power output with higher VA%DuPont Elvax resins have demonstrated performance over 30 years Individual sheet performance can vary with formulation used by sheet producer Materials Innovations Contribute to Lower Costs Power Gain variation with VA%*Constant formulation other than VA%33%VA EVA demonstrates 0.6%additional power outputDuPontTMPV5200 series(PVB sheet)based on ButaciteDuPontTMPV5300 series(Ionomer sheet)based on SentryGlasDuPont PV8600 series(Modified Ionomer sheet)DuPontTMElvax PV1000 series(EVA Resin)-sold into PV market for 30 yearsPipeline of new innovative encapsulantsDuPont currently offers four Encapsulant solutionsDeveloped by the leader in the glass industry with over 60 years of innovationDeveloped by MDP JVPVBEncapsulant MaterialsPolyolefinPropertyResistivityMoisture IngressUV DurabilityHigh ModulusLow ModulusThermoplasticTransmittanceFlow PropertiesImpact Electrical Insulation Cell degradation Yellowing/Degradation Laminate strength Internal Stress Relief Yield,rework Module Energy Output Works with multiple lamination technologiesEVAIonomerRelative Performance of Encapsulantsin Thin Film,Glass/Glass ModulesColors based on published data or DuPont Internal Testing?Encapsulant choice can enable or optimize many aspects of module design and performance.?There is no single encapsulant solution that meets all needs?Module design,the manufacturing process and end-use applications may require very different encapsulant propertiesCopyright 2011 DuPont.All rights reserved.The DuPont Oval Logo,DuPont,The miracles of science,energy for a thriving world,and all products denoted with or are registered trademarks or trademarks of E.I.du Pont de Nemours and Company or its affiliates.