自编高一句子.doc

1 句 子
一、判断下列各句是简单句、并列句还是复合句：
1. We often study Chinese and history on Friday afternoon.
2. The boy who offered me his seat is called Tom.
3. There is a chair in this room, isn’t there?
4. My brother and I go to school at half past seven in the morning and come back home at seven
5. He is in Class One and I am in Class Two.
6. He was fond of drawing when he was yet a child.
7. Neither has he changed his mind, nor will he do so.
8. What he said at the meeting is very important, isn’t it?
9. The farmer is showing the boy how to plant a tree.
10. Both Tom and Jack enjoy country music.
11. The home improvements have taken what little there is of my spare time.
12. The house to be built next year will be used as a hospital.
13. Absorbed in the book, she didn’t hear what I said to her at all.
14. There is still a fourth one who said he was the first to reach the top of the mountain besides them.
15. The dictionary still lies where I laid it a moment ago.
16. What is now a school used to be a church.
17. Nathalie suggested the problem worth paying attention to be discussed at the meeting.
18. All the top leaders discussed the plan that they would like to see put into practice next year.
19. What worried him was that he found food and water run out of.
20. I’m anxious about what notes he made in the back of his diary of things to mend or replace.
23.Human beings have agreed, in the course of centuries of mutual dependency, to let the various noises that they can produce with their lungs, throats, tongues, teeth, and lips systematically stand for certain happenings in their nervous systems.
25. The fact that most of these young people have gone to Europeanized or Americanized societies makes it unlikely that they will hold as tightly to the value of duty as they would have if they had not left their countries.
单选
1. ____ help if you can, and our country will improve more quickly and better.
A. Giving       B. Give                 C. Given              D. To give
2. ____ several times about it, but he could not give the correct answer.
A. Being asked  B. Having been asked C. He would ask    D. He had been asked
3. ____ the days went on, the situation there got worse.
A. With         B. Since                C. While        D. As
4. Li Fang is very busy, ____ she’s always helping others with their lessons.
A. but                   B. although           C. so                                  D. for
5. She won the first prize in the speech contest and ____ surprised us.
A. which              B. it                      C. as                                  D. who
6. ____ the text a second time, the meaning will become clearer to you.
A. Read                B. Reading            C. If reading                      D. When you read
7. ____, so he didn’t come to school last week.
A. Though he was ill            B. Being ill            C. Having been ill         D. He was ill
8．Although he is considered a great writer,____
A. his works are not widely read B. but his works are not widely read
C. however his works are not widely read D. still his works are not widely read
9．No matter how hard he worked,____
A. he could not do any better B. and he could not do any better
C. so he could do any better D. but he could not do any better
10．She heard a terrible noise, ____brought her heart into her mouth.
A. it B. which C. this D. that
11. _________ seems to be a strong competition in China for senior high students to enter universities does exist in other countries as well.
A. It B. There C. What D. That
12. _________ the crisis of economy getting more and more serious, the government is searching
for ways to improve people’s life.
13. _________ the crisis of economy gets more and more serious, the government is searching
for ways to improve people’s life.
A. As B. With C. When D. If
14. Walter offered us a lift when he was leaving his office, but our work _______, we declined the offer.
A. not having been finished B. not having finished C. had not been finished
D. was not finished
15. My neighbor has two sons, _____________ in the army for ten years.
A. the elder one has served B. the older having served C. and the elder of whom served
D. the older of which served
16. He paid the boy $ 10 for washing ten windows, most of ____hadn't cleaned for at least a year.
A. these B. those C. that D. which
17. .① The manager was very angry, for he had sent his business partner two thousand machines,
half of ____________ unqualified.
②The manager was very angry, for he had sent his business partner two thousand machines,
and half of ____________ were unqualified.
③The manager was very angry, for he had sent his business partner two thousand machines,
half of ____________ were unqualified.
A. whom B. what C. them D. which

高考复习指导：英语句子成分理解
高三的英语学习说白了就是在语法词汇全面复习的基础上，推进阅读和写作能力，但两者之间又没有明显的时间分界。在阅读中复习词汇；通过写作练习语法活用词汇，所以复习和推进交织前进。但无论是为了提高阅读写作能力，还是更好地理解从句和非谓语这些语法难点(此两项在2006年高考语法16分中占10分)，都应以理解句子成分、句子结构为基础，这是有时间分界的，应该放在最先的位置进行复习整理。现在我们就以图表的形式，让大家直观地理解句子成分
归纳：谓语就是动词的时态和情态。
情态：情态动词+ 动词（do/ be doing/ have done /have been doing）
时态：4+4+4+4
一般 现在时 go /goes
过去时 went
将来时 will /shall go
过去将来时 would go
进行时 现在进行时 is /am/are having
过去进行时 was/were having
将来进行时 will be having
过去将来时 would be having
完成时 现在完成时 have/has gone
过去完成时 had gone
将来完成时 will have gone
过去将来时 would have gone
Q: 若不是动词的时态也非情态，那是什么？
3）复合句：含有一个或一个以上从句的句子。复合句包含：名词性从句（主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句）、定语从句和状语从句等。即所谓的三大从句。
e. g. The foreign visitors took a lot of pictures when they were at the Great Wall.
只有一个主语（或并列主语）和一个谓语动词（或并列谓语
动词）即1套主谓结构。
简单句 如：My brother and I go to school at half past seven in
the morning and come back home at seven in the evening.
简单句的五种基本句型
1、主语+系动词+表语：e. g. He is a student.
2、主语+不及物动词：e. g. We work.
3、主语+及物动词+宾语：e. g. Henry bought a dictionary.
句子 4、主语+及物动词+双宾语（间接+直接宾语）：e. g. My father bought me a car.
5、主语+及物动词+复合宾语（宾语+宾补）：e. g. Tom made the baby laugh.
6、 there be + 主语 + 其他成分
（≥2个简单句+连词=复合句） 1个简单句 个连词
5个简单句 个连词
并列句：由并列连词（and, but, or，so等）或分号（；）
把两个或两个以上的简单句连在一起构成。
关联词 + 主语 + 谓语 + 其它 || + 主句谓语 + 其它

复合句 主从复合句：含有一个或一个以上从句的句子。
除做动词的宾语外，宾语从句也可做介词、非谓语动词和某些形容词的宾语。

主语从句
名词性从句 宾语从句

表语从句 位于主句中联系动词的后面。
用在某些名词（idea, news, fact, promise, report, hope）的后面，用来说明该名词的具体内容（若是修饰或限制这些名词，就变成了定语从句）。

三
大 同位语从句
从
句 定语从句 限制性定语从句
（adj性从句） 非限制性定语从句

时间 when, 地点where 原因because
目的so that/ in order that
结果so…that（如此……以至于）
状语从句 比较than/not as（so）…as
（adv性从句） 让步even if/although/however
条件if/unless/as (so) long as
一、要弄清楚英语句子的结构，我们先要弄清楚组成一个句子的各个组成部分，即句子的成分：主语、谓语、宾语、表语、定语、状语、补足语和同位语的概念。
1、主语：是一个句子所要说明的人和事物，是一句的主体。如 I study English中的 I。作主语的有：名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词和主语从句。
2、谓语：它是说明主语的动作或状态的，如 I study English中的 study.作谓语的有：及物动词或及物动词短语。
3、宾语：它是表示及物动词或及物动词短语所作用的对象的，如 I study English 中的English和He makes full use of his spare time to study中的his spare time.介词后的名词或代词，叫做介词的宾语，如He went away with no words中的no words.作宾语的有：名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词和宾语从句。
4、表语：它是放在连系动词之后表示主语的身份或特征的，如 That sounds a good idea中的a good idea.作表语的有：名词、代词、数词、形容词、介词短语、表地点或方位的副词、不定式、动名词、分词和表语从句。
5、定语：它是限定名词或代词用的，作定语的有：名词、形容词、数词、介词短语、不定式、分词、动名词和定语从句，若是词则多作前置定语，若是短语或定语从句则只能作后置定语。如the polluted river中的polluted和the river polluted by chemicals中的polluted by chemicals.
6、状语：它是修饰动词、形容词、副词或全句用的。如I like it very much中的very 修饰much,而much 又修饰like。作状语的有：副词（短语）、介词短语、不定式、分词（短语）、名词短语和状语从句。状语说明时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、条件、让步、程度、方式、伴随情况等。其位置多位于句首或句尾，但表频率或程度的副词应位于句中be动词、情态动词和助动词之后，实义动词之前。地点和时间应按先小后大的顺序。
7、补足语：补充说明句中的主语或者宾语的，作补足语的有：名词、形容词、介词短语、不定式和分词（短语）。如I find it interesting中的interesting.
8、同位语：把一个名词（短语）、代词或从句放在另一名词或代词后，用以说明前者的性质或情况，这样的名词或代词叫同位语。如We Chinese people love peace中的Chinese people是主语We的同位语.
二、按照句子的结构来分，英语的句子有以下三种类型：
1、简单句：简单句只有一个主语（或并列主语）和一个谓语动词（或并列谓语动词）。如：My brother and I go to school at half past seven in the morning and come back home at seven in the evening.
2、并列句：并列句由并列连词或分号“；”把两个或两个以上的简单句连在一起构成。如：It is late , so we must hurry.
3、复合句：复合句中含有一个或一个以上的从句。如：If we want to keep fit , we must always remember that prevention is better than cure.
从以上并列句和复合句的例句来看，我们不难看出它们实际上是由几个简单句通过并列连词或从属连词连接起来的。因此，只要我们掌握了简单句的几种基本句型，我们就可以通过在句中寻找起连接作用的连词来分析复杂的句子。

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