高一第一单元集体备课材料.doc

Module 1 Unit 1 Lifestyles集体备课材料I. 单元必背重要词汇：matter, peaceful, relaxing,suppose, lifestyle, remote, portable,complain, switch, bored, stress, pressure, reduce, stand,expert, suffer, prefer, graduate, support, challenge, otherwise, nearby, forecast, distance, formal, style.重要短语1.as long as 2. improve ones lifestyle 改善生活方式3. go off （闹钟）响4. get changed 换衣服5. take up 占据，占时间、空间6. be filled with 充满7. for fun 娱乐8. make money for sb. 为人赚钱9. get bored 觉得无聊10. find very interesting 感觉/感觉很有趣11. suffer from 遭受，遭遇12. take place 发生13. lose weight 减肥14. cant stand sth./doing sth. 无法忍受（做）某事15. hate doing sth. 讨厌做某事16. prefer doing sth. 喜欢做某事(拓展) prefer sth. to sth. 比起更喜欢 prefer doing sth. to doing sth. 比起做更喜欢做 prefer to do sth. rather than do sth.宁愿做也不愿做17. take turns to do sth. 轮流做某事18. win support from 赢得某人的支持19. as soon as possible 尽快20. meet the challenge of 迎接挑战21. make sb. proud 使某人感到骄傲22. be crowded with 挤满23. spend some time in doing sth. 花时间做某事spend some time/time on sth. 把时间/金钱花在上面24. at work 在工作25.the same that 和一样（同一个）26. the sameas 和一样（不同一个） 27. early in the morning 清晨28. late at night 深夜29.be free of sickness 没有疾病 be free of 无，没有30. make sure 确定,确保31. look after 照顾32. play with sb 和某人一起玩33. get the chance to do sth. 有机会做某事34. notanymore= no more 不再35. think of 考虑36. as a result 结果是 37. result from= because 因为，（因）发生；（随）产生38. result in= cause 造成；导致39. come up with 想出40. join sb in sth/doing sth 加入某人做某事41. serve tea/dishes 上茶/菜42. in order to do sth. 为了43. play/have an important role/part in在方面起很大作用44. as well as 也，还 ；和 一样好45. cheer up 兴奋起来 46. ask for 要求47. It has something/nothing to do with 和有/没有关系48. reduce stress 减轻压力49. have a good diet 有良好饮食习惯50. make a decision 作出决定51. graduate from 从某学校毕业52. be prepared for =be ready to do准备好（做某事）重要句型结构1. At nine thirty, if there is a good play on BBC2, I switch over and watch it.2. I always take my portable TV and I sit on the stone wall while the dog walks round in a circle.3. I normally wake up about five minutes before my alarm clock goes off.4. As soon as I hear my alarm clock, I jump out of my bed.5. I am always the first person to get to the office.6. But I try to work hard so that I can make more money for them.7. Usually, its so crowded that I cant find anywhere to sit.8. We like to visit nice, quiet places far away from the city and go walking where there are no shops, crowds or the tube.9. Thats what people call the underground in London.10.We dont have the same work hours that office workers in the city have. 11. Unfortunately my wife isnt as fond of them as I am.12. I also grow wheat and vegetables so there are many things to look after.13. To solve the problem, the Duchess came up with the clever idea of inviting some friends.14. In fact, the London Stock Exchange is believed to have started from these coffeehouses.II. 词句分解1. matter vi. 要紧，重要，有重大关系 n. 物质，问题，毛病【分解】matter 作vi. 时，意为to be important；同义词count。其主语可以是sth. /to do sth. /doing sth. 或者主语从句，it可作形式主语代替从句。 相关短语：a matter of .是一个的问题/事情to make matters worse更糟糕的是as a matter of fact实际上，不瞒你说，事实上It doesnt matter.没关系It matters / doesnt matter （to sb.）主语从句疑问句Whats the matter? （怎么回事？）中what是主语变为从句时语序不变。no matter+ whether /疑问词 无论【例句】During the disaster every contribution matters.It doesnt really matter to me if we dont see the filmIve seen it already anyway.I didnt know what was the matter.I didnt know what the matter was.Don t open the door, no matter who comes. 2. suppose vt. 认为，猜想，假设【分解】1）suppose sb./sth. to do /adj. /prep. phrase; suppose that-clause猜想，认为2） be supposed to do sth. 理应做某事3） suppose/ supposing that-clause 假定，假设【例句】I supposed him in his bosss office but Mary supposed him to be with his parents.Most people supposed that this time the athlete from Japan might be beaten by his old rival.Suppose/Supposing (that) they cant finish the work in time, we will have to put off the date of the ceremony.You are supposed to finish it before dark.3. He goes fishing in his free time.go fishing 意为“去进行某项体育活动或娱乐活动”。如 go swimming/jogging/skating.【拓展】go on doing sth. “继续干某事（同一件事）”go on to do sth. “做完一件事继续接着做另一件事”do some / a little cooking/shopping/acting/writing “从事（做些）烹调、购物、演戏、写作等活动”4. When I get up I dont get up immediately.【分解】immediately / directly / instantly可充当副词，在句中作状语。 immediately / directly / instantly可用作连词，和词组the moment, the minute一样可引导状语从句，意为“一就”，相当于as soon as。 【例句】The thief ran away the moment / directly he saw the policeman.I got in touch with him immediately I received his letter.I didnt immediately realize how serious the situation was. 5. I turn on the television and watch the . until about half-past ten.【分解】until用作介词或是连词，英文解释是up to a specified time (直到某一时刻)或up to the time of a specified event (直到发生某事)。until 用于肯定句中，句子的谓语动词必须是持续动词(非瞬间动词)，如live, wait , last, love, like, stay, work, continue 等；until用于否定句中，句子的动作直到until短语所表示的时间才开始发生，即表示动作的起点。一般译为“直到才”或“直到之前(还不)” 。 “not until” 的两种强调结构结构A：It is (was) not until + 时间状语(从句)+ that +主句结构B：Not until +时间状语(从句)+主句的倒装句【例句】Continue in this direction until you see a sign. 一直朝着这个方向走就会看见指示牌了。I hadnt realized she was foreign until she spoke. 她不说话我还一直不知道她是个外国人。It was not until yesterday that I remembered it. 直到昨天我才记起这事。Not until the film had begun did she arrive. 直到电影开始她才到。A good storyteller must be able to hold his listeners curiosity _ he reaches the end of the story. （上海2003）A. when B. unless C. after D. until6. at the moment 此刻，目前，那时【拓展】at that moment 在那时for a moment 一会儿for the moment 目前，暂时in a moment 马上，过一会儿at any moment 随时，立刻the moment=as soon as/ the minute/ the instant 一就（引导时间状语从句）【例句】The parents rushed to the hospital _ they heard that their son was injured.A. at the moment B. for the momentC. the momentD. in the moment7. I normally wake up about five minutes before my alarm clock goes off.【分解】go off (爆竹、铃等)响；爆炸；停止运转；（食物）变坏；离去【例句】The balloon went off with a crack.I dont know why he went off without saying goodbye.Lights will go off if no one is in the room.【拓展】go ahead 开始，进行，前进go against 违反，反对go through 通过，仔细检查，经历，浏览go into调查，了解，研究go after 追求，追逐，设法获得go along 进行，进展go out 灯火熄灭，过时，出去go in for 从事，喜欢，参加（考试） （2010安庆三模）If someone wants to emigrate, some processes have to be _.A. gone through B. gone in for C. gone off D. gone by8. I am always the first person to get to the office.【分解】 当名词前有序数词、最高级或no、all、any等修饰时，用不定式作定语。【例句】Marie Curie became the first woman in France to be a university professor.He was the best man to do the job. (2010西安抽样测试) There is no way _ the problem. We have no time.A. solving B.solved C. to solve D.solve9. Meetings and phone calls take up a large part of the day. 【分解】意为1) 拿起 2）占去（时间、空间等） 3）开始从事（某项工作等），开始对感兴趣【例句】Take care not to take up the hot coals with your bare hands. 小心别徒手拿热的煤。This old tree will have to be taken up by its roots. 这棵老树将被连根拔起。That big clock will have to be moved; it takes up too much space in the small hall.Writing in another language demands so much effort that it takes up all my attention. 用另一种语言写作要求付出很多的努力，以致于它花费了我所有的注意力。When does the Minister take up his office? 这位部长什么时候就职？When did Jane first take up music? 简是什么时候开始对音乐感兴趣的？(2010北京西城区高考预测题）Doing science exercises often _ most of the students spare time.A. takes off B. takes upC.takes over D. takes on【拓展】take off起飞；脱下；动身；匆匆离开take on承担；呈现；同较量；开始雇用take over接受；接管；借用；接办take down记下；拆卸；记下来；取下take place发生；进行；举行；产生take apart拆卸；拆开；分辨；区分take notes记笔记；做笔记；记录；作笔记take a break休息一会儿take action采取行动；提出诉讼take away带走，拿走，取走take care of照顾；注意；抚养take charge掌管，负责；主持；不受控制take in 接受，吸收，包括，领会，欺骗take after 与相像 10. I get bored if theres nothing to do.【分解】过去分词bored 作系动词get的表语，它是“get过去分词”结构，常在口语中表被动，该结构着重表示动作，不可延续，因此不能和表示一段时间的状语连用。类似的用法如：get married，get excited，get changed, get paid, get caught in a rain/storm, get charged等。【例句】Cleaning women in big cities usually get _ by the hour. (NMET98)A. pay B.paying C.paid D.to pay11. complain v. 抱怨，投诉【分解】complain (to sb.) about/of sth. complain (to sb.) that-clause 向（某人）抱怨诉苦 complaint n. make a complaint to sb. 向某人抱怨【例句】She complained to me about his rudeness. 她向我抱怨他的粗鲁。He complained that his meal was cold. 他抱怨说他的饭菜冷了。Our next door neighbor said hed complain about us to the police if we made any more noise. 我们隔壁的邻居说如果我们再弄出噪音的话，他将向警方投诉。She complained of his carelessness.(= She complained that his carelessness caused her a lot of trouble.)He poured out his complaints before me. 他在我面前诉苦。12. I need to be in my office by nine oclock so I usually get up at seven oclock. 在九点前我得上班，因此我常常在七点起床。【分解】 need用作情态动词，常用在否定句和疑问中。 need用作实义动词，后面要接带to的动词不定式。构成否定句和疑问句时，要借助于助动词。【例句】We have plenty of time. So I neednt drive quickly.You dont need to get up so early every day.Does she need to tell the same dull stories every time we see her?need用作实义动词，后接V-ing分词主动式或不定式的被动式，这时，V-ing分词或不定式与句子主语存在逻辑动宾关系。如：The electric pan needs repairing / to be repaired before it can be used.13. Usually, it is so crowded that I cant find anywhere to sit.【分解】so that 表示 “如此以致”，引导结果状语从句，that在从句中不充当成分。so的后面一般接以下几种形式： so + 形容词或副词 + that so + 形容词+ a/an + 名词（单数可数） + that so + many/few + 名词（可数复数） + that so + much/little + 名词（不可数） + that【例句】He is so poor that he cannot afford an egg.他穷得连一个鸡蛋都买不起。The little boy missed his mother so much that he cried all the night.这个小男孩如此地思念他的母亲以致他哭了一晚上。He is so naughty a boy that no one likes him.他太淘气了，每人喜欢他。The boy had had so many falls that he was black and blue all over. 这男孩子摔得那么重以至于全身都是青一块紫一块的。He had received so little education that he could hardly write his own name. 他受的教育太少，连自己的名字都不会写。(2001安徽省) Miss Gao asked a question, but it was_that nobody could answer it.A.very difficult B. too difficult C. difficult enough D. so difficult 注意：such.that 也表示“如此以致”，一般情况下, such 后面接上述几种情况以外的名词。如：such a naughty boy , such water, such men, such lovely weather等。so that即可引导目的状语从句，也可以引导结果状语从句。引导目的状语从句时，表示“以便；为了”，从句中常使用can /could /may /might /will /would /should等情态动词或助动词；引导结果状语从句时，从句中一般不用can和may等词，在so that前可以用逗号，意思是“因此;所以”。III. 语法归纳Grammar: present simple ,present continuous and be going to do 一 Present simple1. Forms: do/does am/is/are2. Uses:(1) 表示客观事实或普遍真理 The sun rises in the east. Famous people suffer from a lot of stress.(2) 表示现在经常性，习惯性动作或状态。 We have meals three times a day. We always care for each other and help each other. He is always ready to help others.(3) 表示知觉，态度，感情，某种抽象的关系或概念的词如see, hear, smell, taste, feel, notice, agree, believe, like, hate, want, think, belong, seem等，常用一般现在时 Mr. Smith owns a car and a house. I like travelling.(4) 一般现在时还可以用在if, unless, even if引导的条件状语从句中，由when, before, until(till), as soon as, the moment, once引导的时间状语从句中，由no matter what/ who/ which/ when/ where/ how 或whatever, whoever, whichever, whenever,wherever, however引导的让步状语从句中，这是主句往往表将来或主句是祈使句。如： Ill go with you as soon as I finish my work. Whatever you say, I will not change my mind.(5) 表示官方事件或不可改变的时间表 Christmas falls on a Sunday next year. The train arrives at 9:00pm.二 Present continuous1. Forms: am/ is/ are doing2. Uses:(1) 表示说话时正在进行的动作。 They are playing basketball now. My agent is waiting for me, I have to go.(2) 表示当前一段时间或现阶段正在进行的动作，且此时有this week, these days等时间状语，这时常用现在进行时。如： We are making model planes these days.(3） 描述图片重的人物的动作，为了表达更生动，此时也常用现在进行时。 Look at the pictures. The children are flying kites in the park.(4) 表示已经确定或安排好的将来活动。 Were flying to Paris tomorrow. Ive won a holiday for two days to Florida. I am taking my mum.(5) 表示反复出现的或习惯性的动作，往往含有赞赏，厌恶，遗憾等情绪，常与always, continually, constantly连用。 He is always thinking of others first. He is always making the same mistake.三 Be going to do1. 依据现在观察到的迹象，预测将来会发生的事 Look at the sky-its going to be nice and sunny. Look out! The tree id going to fall over.2. 表达想要做某事的意图 Im never going to buy a mobile phone, What are you going to do this weekend.- 7 -