中考英语书面表达常用句型与衔接词.doc

中考英语书面表达常用句型与衔接词
【常用句型】英语写作中常用简单句句型讲解。
1.主语＋谓语  She gets up early every day. (She做主语gets up为固定搭配做谓语，主语为单三人称，谓语用单三形式) 练习：我周一至周五上学。（I go to school from Monday to Friday.）
2.主语＋系动词＋表语  This dish tastes delicious.( This dish做主语, tastes做谓语,主语为单数形式，谓语用单三形式) 练习：我对此感到非常抱歉。(I felt very sorry for it.)
3. 主语＋谓语＋宾语  I cleaned the house this morning.( I做主语, cleaned做谓语,由于时间状语是this morning，故clean用过去式cleaned) 练习：上周日，我度过了愉快的一天。(I spent a pleasant day last Sunday. / I had a good day last Sunday.)
4. 主语＋谓语＋间接宾语＋直接宾语   He teaches us English. (he做主语, teaches做谓语,us做间接宾语,English做直接宾语) 练习：妈妈给我买了一辆新自行车。(Mum bought me a new bike.)
5. 主语＋谓语＋间接宾语＋直接宾语  We should keep our classroom clean and tidy.(We做主语, should keep做谓语, our classroom做间接宾语, clean and tidy作宾语补足语)
练习：她经常鼓励我们努力学习。(She often encourages us to study hard.)
【衔接词】
类别1  表示“时序”的词或词组
first of all/at last首先    above all首要的是；尤其     then于是；然后   
at the same time同时    after a while过了一会儿      later稍后；随后  
since then从那以后     until now直到现在          suddenly突然
finally/in the end/at last最后；终于                soon不久，很快
类别2  表示“并列”的词或词组
as well as…也；又；和；及    with和；跟；同    and和，并；然后；接着又
neither… nor…既不……也不……       not only…but also…不但……而且……
both…and………和……    either…or…或者……或者……；要么……要么……
类别3  表示“递进”的词或词组
also也；同样；而且   (and) what’s more而且；此外   besides此外；除此之外
类别4  表示“转折”的词或词组
but但是；而是      however然而；可是    still依然；仍然     after all毕竟
类别5  表示“因果”的词或词组
because/as因为    since因为；既然   because of因为；由于   so因此；如此
so…that…如此……以至于……        such… that…如此……以至于……
类别6  表示“先后次序”的词或词组
first第一     second第二     then然后     next其次；然后     finally最后
类别7  其他常用词语
if如果；即使     unless如果不；除非     as long as只要       even if即使
certainly当然    in fact事实上；实际上    immediately立刻     once一旦
actually事实上  although/though虽然；尽管     especially尤其(是)；特别(是)  
luckily幸运的是    in order that…为了……      in order to…为了……
类别8  常用的结尾词组
As a result结果           In my opinion/I think…依我看；我认为；据我的观点
I hope…我希望……         It’s well-known that…众所周知……
In a/one word总之；简言之     As far as I know…据我所知……
To sum up总而言之  in short简言之；简单扼要的  Generally speaking大体而言
▲人物介绍类（人物介绍类书面表达通常会对某个人的年龄、家庭、外貌特征等基本信息进行描述。）
思路点拨：某某人→外貌特征→性格特征→爱好或常做的事→个人期望
常用词汇、句型：
★ Person(人称)       father爸爸   mother妈妈   parents父母   teacher老师
neighbour邻居 classmate同班同学   friend朋友
★ Birthday and birthplace(生日和出生地)
was/were born＋时间(in或on短语),in＋地点  出生于……
eg. He was born on May 4th, 1998, in a small town.
他于1998年5月4日出生在一个小镇上。
★ Family background(家庭背景)
…come from a poor/rich family 来自一个贫穷/富裕的家庭
…when he/she was a small boy/girl 当他/她还是一个小男/女孩的时候
…when he/she was young当他/她还小的时候
a boy/girl of 15(years old)或a 15-year-old boy/girl一个15岁的男/女孩
★ Feature(外貌特征)  tall高的  short矮的  fat胖的  thin瘦的  beautiful漂亮
weak 虚弱的  strong强壮的   handsome英俊帅气的  straight/curly hair直/卷发
ugly丑陋的 pretty美丽可爱  long/short hair长/短头发  medium build中等个的
big/high nose大/高鼻子  big/bright eyes大/明亮的眼睛
★ Character trait(性格特征)  friendly/kind和蔼/善良的    warm-hearted热心的
understanding善解人意的   helpful有帮助的  brave勇敢的  polite有礼貌的    cheerful愉快的，高兴地    easy-going随和的    hard-working刻苦勤奋的    funny有趣的  honest诚实的  confident自信的  patient有耐心的  active积极的
optimistic乐观的    humorous幽默的      out-going外向的，开朗的
★ Hobbies and activities(爱好和活动)
be interested in对……感兴趣  enjoy doing sth./like to do sth.喜欢做某事
take part in(interesting activities)参加(有趣的活动)  collecting stamps集邮
go swimming/shopping/climbing/hiking/boating/fishing去游泳/购物/爬山/徒步旅行/划船/钓鱼drawing绘画play chess/basketball/football/tennis/badminton/table tennis
★    Expectations(期望)   hope/wish希望    expect期望    look forward to期望
grow up长大      suggest建议    promise承诺，允诺    care for关心  
I hope he can take good care of himself.我希望他能照顾好自己。
I wish you can give me more care and love.我希望你能给予我更多的关心和爱。
▲ 写人记事类（写人记事类一般从两方面着手：一是介绍人物，二是叙述事件，对某一事件进行叙述。）
思路点拨：好人好事→人物→时间→他是如何做的→教会了我们什么
常用词汇、句型：
★What(事件)  happen/take place发生 do housework做家务 have a picnic去野餐
have dinner吃饭learn how to cook学会如何做饭go shopping购物plant trees植树    do sports做运动  have a birthday party举行一个生日聚会  look after my sister well照顾好我的妹妹  receive a present from my friend收到朋友的礼物help an old man cross the street帮助老人过马路    go to the cinema/go to see a film/watch a movie去看电影  on my way to the cinema/school在我去电影院/学校的路上
★ Positive Adj.(积极的形容词)  helpful乐于助人的 friendly友好的 kind善良的 
patient耐心的  careful仔细的   honest诚实的   able能干的   positive积极的
active积极主动的，活跃的     happy快乐的  energetic精力充沛的
★ Positive Noun.(积极的名词) 
courage信心  dream梦想  energy精力  chance/opportunity机会
★ Positive Phrases(积极的短语) 
come true实现(主语为物)    achieve my goal实现我的目标    thanks to多亏 
ask/get/tell sb. to do sth.要求/让某人做某事  offer help to sb. 给某人提供帮助
with the help of…/with one’s help在某人的帮助下   give sb. a hand帮助某人
help sb. do sth./help sb. with sth.帮助某人做某事
★ Feelings and Thanks(感受/感谢) forget忘记  remember记得  understand理解  encourage鼓励  effect影响 unforgettable难忘的  happy快乐的  nice美好的  meaningful有意义的  lucky幸运的  sad伤心地  upset苦恼的，沮丧的  interesting有趣的  be helpful to sb.对某人有帮助  learn it by my heart牢记于心  keep…in mind记在头脑里      I’ll never forget that day.我永远不会忘记那一天。   I was so excited and happy.我又激动又开心。   Thanks for all that you have done for me over the years.感谢您这么多年来为我所付出的一切。 Thank you for everything over the years.感谢您这些年来所做的一切。 Thank you, my dear teachers and classmates.谢谢我亲爱的老师和同学们。
▲申请组织、加入活动(一般涉及申请组织活动，申请参加活动，与热点相关的活动倡议书。写作思路：申请理由→活动介绍→个人收获。)
思路点拨：某某活动→申请组织、加入的原因→如何去做→对活动的期盼和感激
常用词汇、句型：
★ Reasons(原因)  take(an active) part in…(积极)参加… join/join in…加入(某人)
activity活动  organization/organize组织  want to be a member of想成为……中的一员  school/after-class/social activities校园/课余/社会活动   be interested in…对……感兴趣  The activity is to help the kids/the old/the homeless people/the animals.这个活动是去帮助孩子/老人/流浪者/动物。I hope/think I can…我希望/认为我可以……  Helping othersis also helping ourselves.帮助别人就是帮助自己。
★ How to do(如何去做)  abilities能力  advantages优势，优点  experience经验  hobbies兴趣爱好 chance机会 plan计划 be able to能够 get on well with…与……好好相处  be good at/do well in擅长于……communicate with…和……交流、沟通  help sb. with/to do sth.帮助某人做某事     Because I can…因为我可以……  
★ Expectations and thanks(期盼和感激)  hope/wish/expect希望  promise承诺  look forward to期盼  Best wishes for…最美好的祝愿给……  Thanks a lot./Thank you very much.非常感谢。  I’ll be thankful if…如果……，我将非常感激。
▲ 活动倡议书(与热点相关的)
思路点拨：某某活动→活动介绍→发出号召
常用词汇、句型：
★ Activities(活动)  protect environment保护环境 save water/food节约用水/粮食
help others…帮助他人……  plant trees植树  keep a healthy diet保持健康的饮食
show love for parents/teachers/friends感恩父母/老师/朋友
★ Calls(号召)  In order to…, we should/need to…为了……，我们应该……
Don’t…不要……  I think…is good for us…我认为……对我们很好…… 
It’s a good way to………是一种好方法。
▲ 通知传达类(通常是对某一活动进行传达，从活动的时间、地点、方式、注意
事项以及祝愿等方面进行表述。类似的还有邀请函，也可从以上方面进行描述。)
思路点拨：活动名称→时间→地点→方式→注意事项→祝愿
常用词汇、句型：
★ Activities(活动)    a school trip学校旅行   speech演讲  concert演唱会English Club英语俱乐部  Parents’ Meeting家长会  birthday party生日聚会  sports meeting运动会  speech演讲   dancing party舞会   summer camp夏令营 
★ When(时间)  next Friday/week/month/year下周五/周/月/明年  tomorrow明天  this weekend这个周末    on a cold Sunday morning在一个寒冷的星期日早上  on June 1st在六月一日    the whole day一整天    the Spring Festival春节 New Year’s Day元旦、新年  Children’s Day儿童节  Mid-autumn Festival中秋节  Teachers’ Day教师节  National Day国庆节  the Dragon Boat Festival端午节 
★ Where(地点)  at home在家  in our school在我们学校  in the street在街道上on the playground在操场上 at the party在聚会上 on the way to…在去……的路上  in a restaurant/hospital在餐馆/医院 in the classroom在教室 in the library在图书馆
★ Ways(方式)  by bus/bike/subway/plane/train乘汽车/自行车/地铁/飞机/火车  on foot步行  on a bus  in a car/taxi take a bus/taxi/train/plain  ride a bike 
★ Notices(注意事项)     keep safe注意安全    behave properly表现合适  take (good) care of/look after…(well)照顾(好)   watch/look out当心   things to take(food, drinks, clothes, sports shoes, sunglasses…)需要带的东西(食物、饮料、衣服、运动鞋、太阳镜……)
★ Wishes(祝愿)  I hope/wish that you…我希望你们……  I hope you’ll have a good/wonderful day/enjoy yourselves.我希望你们玩得开心/过得愉快。
▲ 环境保护类(通常是对存在的环境问题进行阐述，然后针对这些问题采取相应措施，提出我们该做与不该做的，号召大家共同保护我们的环境)
常用词汇、句型：
★ Environment problems(环境问题)  water/air/noise pollution水/空气/噪音污染  environmental pollution环境污染  fire火/火灾  haze雾霾  cut down砍到/砍伐white pollution白色污染  tree树  forest森林  endanger濒临灭绝的  There is more and more dirty smoke in the air.空气中有越来越多脏的烟雾。 When trees are cut down, some animals will disappear.当树木被砍伐，一些动物就将消失。 The environmental pollution is more and more serious today.现在环境污染问题越来越严重了。 People’s health has been affected by air, noise and water pollution.人们的健康被空气，噪音和水污染影响着。
★ Measures(措施)  call on/upon号召  eat/use up吃/用光   turn the school green绿化校园  plant trees植树 turn off the lights关灯  turn off the taps关掉水龙头  save water节约用水on foot步行  ride a bike骑自行车  pick up rubbish捡拾垃圾
We should help clean up the city parks.我们应该帮助清洁城市公园。 We need to make a plan to protect our environment.我们需要制定一个计划来保护我们的环境。  Being a volunteer is great.成为志愿者是很棒的。 Don’t use a paper cup or a paper bag that is only used once.不要使用一次性纸杯子和袋子。 I think going to school on foot is good for us.我认为步行去学校对我们是有益的。 We must stop pouring waster water into rivers and lakes.我们必须停止把污水倒入河流和湖泊里。 It’s a good way to protect environment to stop throwing rubbish everywhere.停止到处乱扔垃圾是保护环境的一个好办法。We should work together to protect our environment and make our world more and more beautiful..我们应该一起努力来保护我们的环境,让我们的世界越来越美丽。 

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