八年级英语下册阅读理解专题(含答案)经典.doc

八年级英语下册阅读理解专题(含答案)经典
一、八年级英语下册阅读理解专项练习（含答案解析）
1．阅读短文，选出最佳选项。
    Everyone gets angry. Many things may make you angry. Maybe your teacher gave you too much homework. Or maybe a friend borrowed your favorite video game and then broke it. You may get angry when something doesn't go your way. Maybe you get mad at yourself when your team loses an important game. Or maybe you become a road rager（路怒族）when a driver accidentally cuts in front of you. That makes you angry!
    You need to know what to do with your anger. Here are some things you can do when you feel angry：
    ◆Talk to a friend you can trust.
    ◆Count to 10.
    ◆Get or give hug.
    ◆Take some exercise.
    ◆Draw a picture of your anger.
    ◆Play video game.
    ◆Run around the outside of the house five times as fast as you can.
    ◆Sing along with the CD player.
    ◆Pull weeds in the garden.
    ◆Think good thoughts （maybe about a fun vacation or your favorite sport）.
    ◆Take a bike ride, go skating, play basketball -do something active!
    Never getting angry is impossible. But when you're angry, you can do something and it can make things better or worse. Don't let anger be the boss of you. Take charge of it!
（1）In the passage, the writer gives us       pieces of advice.
A. ten                                B. eleven                                C. twelve                                D. thirteen
（2）The underlined part "when something doesn't go your way"  means       .
A. when you get lost.                                            B. when you are on a wrong way.
C. when you meet with something difficult.      D. when things don't go as you imagine.
（3）It you run around the outside of your house five times, and your house is a circle of 260 meters, you will run        .
A. 1, 300 meters             B. 1 ,300 kilometers             C. 1, 360 meters             D. 1, 360 kilometers
（4）As for dealing with anger, which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage?
A. Talk to a friend you believe.                            B. Get a hug.
C. Pull weeds in the garden.                                D. Have a fight with a friend.
（5）The passage is mainly about        .
A. how to deal with your anger.                         B. letting anger be the boss of you.
C. drinking more water when you're anger.      D. doing something active when you are angry.
【答案】 （1）B
（2）D
（3）A
（4）D
（5）A
【解析】【分析】文章大意：每个人都会生气。很多事情都会让你生气。我们可以采取一些措施来让自己避免生气。
（1）理解归纳题。通读全文可知，作者一共提供了11条建议，故选B。
（2）句意理解题。根据文中的语句You may get angry when something doesn't go your way. 理解可知，当事情没有按照你的预算发展的时候，你会生气的。故选D。
（3）理解计算题。根据题干提示可知， 如果你在屋外跑了五圈，而房子是一个260米的圆圈，你就会跑5*260=1300meters，故选A。
（4）细节理解题。根据文中第二段的内容可知，与朋友打一架没有涉及到，故选D。
（5）理解归纳题。通读全文可知，此文主要介绍了怎样处理愤怒，故选A。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文考查细节题，词义推断题，推理判断题和主旨题等常考题型，细节题要注意从文中抓住关键词寻找答案；主旨题，词义推断题以及判断题都需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出正确选项。
2．阅读理解
    Are you shy? If you are, you are not alone. In fact, close to 50 percent of people are shy. Almost 80 percent of people feel shy at some point in their lives. These days, shyness is becoming more and more common. Now, scientists are trying to understand shyness. They have some interesting ideas about why people are shy.
    Is it possible to be born shy? Many scientists say yes. They say 15 to 20 percent of babies behave shyly. These babies are a little quieter and more watchful than other babies. Interestingly, these shy babies usually have shy parents. As a result, scientists think that some shyness is genetic.
    Family size might cause people to be shy as well. Scientists at Harvard University studied shy children. They found that 66 percent of them had older brothers and sisters. The scientists said that these children were often bullied（欺负）by their older brothers and sisters. As a result, they became shy. At the same time, children with no brothers and sisters may be shy as well. Growing up alone, they often play by themselves. They are not able to learn the same social skills as children from big families.
    You may also be shy because of where you were born. When scientists studied shyness in different countries, they found surprising differences. In Japan, most people said they were shy. But in Israel, only one of three people said so. What explains the difference? One scientist says the Japanese and Israelis have different opinions of failure. In Japan, when people do not succeed, they feel bad about themselves. They blame（责备）themselves for their failure. In Israel, the opposite is true. Israelis often blame failure on outside reasons, such as family, teachers, friends or bad luck. In Israel, freedom of opinion and risk taking are strongly supported. This may be why Israelis worry less about failure and are less shy.
    For shy people, it can be difficult to make friends, speak in class, and even get a good job. But scientists say you can get over your shyness. They suggest trying new things and practicing conversations. And don't forget-if you are shy, you are not the only one.
（1）What is the passage mainly about?
A. Happiness.                        B. Shyness.                        C. Kindness.                        D. Loneliness.
（2）What does the underlined word "genetic" in Paragraph 2probably mean?
A. Passed down from parents.
B. Learned from friends.
C. Taught by teachers.
D. Made up by brothers.
（3）What can be learned from the passage?
A. Most little babies are born shy and quiet.
B. If you are shy now, you will be shy forever.
C. Many shy children have older brothers and sisters.
D. Most Israeli people are shy of expressing opinions.
（4）We can learn from the passage that      may cause shyness.
A. genetics, grown-ups and birthplace
B. genetics, family size and birthplace
C. family size, grown-ups and failure
D. genetics, family size and freedom
（5）Scientists suggest that shy people can get over the shyness by     .
A. blaming their failure on outside reasons
B. trying new things and practicing conversations
C. getting themselves away from their shy parents
D. trying to understand reasons for their shyness
【答案】 （1）B
（2）A
（3）C
（4）B
（5）B
【解析】【分析】短文大意：这篇短文讲的是世界上很多人会腼腆，人们腼腆的表现及人们腼腆的原因和不同的国家的人对于腼腆的理解，和怎样克服腼腆的状态。
（1）主旨大意题。根据文章主题句They have some interesting ideas about why people are shy. 可知这篇短文讲的是腼腆，故选B。
（2）词意猜测题。根据 Interestingly, these shy babies usually have shy parents. As a result, scientists think that some shyness is genetic. 有趣的是，这些害羞的孩子们通常有腼腆的父母。结果，科学家认为一些腼腆是遗传的。genetic是遗传的意思，故选A。
（3）细节理解题。根据 Scientists at Harvard University studied shy children. They found that 66 percent of them had older brothers and sisters.  哈佛大学的科学家研究了腼腆的孩子们。他们发现66%的腼腆的孩子们有哥哥或姐姐。故选C。
（4）细节理解题。根据 As a result, scientists think that some shyness is genetic. Family size might cause people to be shy as well. You may also be shy because of where you were born. 可知引起腼腆的原因是基因遗传、家庭的大小和出生地引起的。故选B。
（5）细节理解题。根据 But scientists say you can get over your shyness. They suggest trying new things and practicing conversation.但是科学家说你能克服腼腆的。他们建议常识新事物并且练习交流。故选B。
【点评】此题考查阅读理解。 首先理解问题，然后带着问题快速阅读短文，找出与问题有关的句子，并理解大意，最后仔细斟酌，找出答案，并核对。
3．阅读理解
    ①Would you like to have a brother or a sister? Years ago this might have sounded impossible to many. But since several years ago, with the end of China's "one-child policy（政策）", this could actually happen now. All Chinese couples are allowed to have two children. It means that many Chinese children may have siblings（兄弟姐妹） in the future.
    ②What would it be like growing up with a brother or a sister? Having a sibling can stop children from bad feelings, according to Laura Padilla-Walker, a teacher from Brigham Young University, US. "Siblings give children something that parents can't," she said. You may not feel lonely at home any more because there is someone to play with you. You can also share secrets with him or her.
    ③"But children with siblings also have to learn to control（控制） their feelings," said Padilla-Walker. You need to share things with them, such as attention from parents, toys, the bathroom and the TV. There are also unpleasant situations such as competition, name-calling and even hair-pulling.
    ④Even the birth order of siblings could matter too. US psychologist Kevin Leman said that birth order decides the way parents treat their children, thus causing different personalities between siblings.
    ⑤Kevin Leman explained that parents are usually more strict with their first child. So firstborns may be perfect because parents set high goals（目标） for them. They usually act well and hope to succeed. When the couple has a second child, they have fewer rules. So late-born children are usually more creative. They also love attention. It is said that many of them also have a good sense of humor.
（1）The underlined word "this" in Paragraph 1 refers to（指） ______.
A. one-child policy                                          B. having a brother or a sister
C. the end of "one-child policy"                    D. being allowed to have more than two children
（2）In Paragraph 2, the writer mainly tells us ______.
A. the advantages of having a sibling                B. how to look after a sibling
C. how to get on well with a sibling                   D. the secrets of having a sibling
（3）According to Kevin Leman, ______.
A. late-born children are usually successful at school
B. having a sibling can stop children from bad feelings
C. parents are usually more strict with their first-born child
D. children with siblings have to learn to control their feelings
（4）Which of the following best shows the structure（结构） of the passage?
A.                                    B. 
C.                                            D. 
【答案】 （1）B
（2）A
（3）C
（4）D
【解析】【分析】文章大意：中国开放二胎，家里有2个小孩，会使得孩子不感到孤独，父母对待孩子的方式不一样，第一胎较为严格。
（1）推断题。根据文章提到的 Would you like to have a brother or a sister 可知，this指代了上文提到的have a brother or a sister，故选B。
（2）主旨题。根据文章介绍了二孩的好处，不会让孩子感到孤独，可知第二段介绍了the advantages of having a sibling，故选A。
（3）细节题。根据文章提到的 Kevin Leman explained that parents are usually more strict with their first child 可知，父母对第一胎要求严格，故选C。
（4）细节题。根据文章一开始说了二胎政策，然后说了二胎的好处与坏处，可知文章的结构是总分，第二段和第三段讲述了有兄弟姐妹的情景，第四五段讲述了有兄弟姐妹可能会导致的问题，故选D。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题和主旨题三种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。
4．阅读理解
    We all know that smiling is a kind of body language. In fact, it is not just a body language. It also has some different benefits. Let's learn about the benefits of smiling.
    First of all, smiling can reduce stress. Although it's not easy to keep smiling when you are in stressful situations, smiling can reduce stress. That's true. Sometimes, smiling can help people get rid of stress. Even listening to others' laughter and seeing smiling faces can help you keep calm and relaxed.
    Secondly, smiling is good for your health. For example, it can strengthen your immune（消化） system. It's said that keeping smiling can help you fight against many kinds of diseases. That's why we often advise some patients to be happy and keep smiling.
    Thirdly, smiling can improve your mood. Next time you are feeling down, try putting on a smile. And then your mood will change for the better.
    Lastly, smiling can help you make friends easily. When you smile at others, they usually regard you as a polite and friendly person. Then they are willing to make friends with you. Therefore, no matter what happens, please keep smiling every day.
（1）How many benefits are mentioned in the passage?
A. Three                                     B. Four                                     C. Five                                     D. Six
（2）What do the underlined words "get rid of" probably mean in Chinese?
A. 增加                                     B. 升高                                     C. 消除                                     D. 替代
（3）According to the passage, what can make you feel relaxed?
①listen to others' laughter       ②see smiling faces
③strengthen your immune system
A. ①③                                    B. ①②                                    C. ②③                                    D. ①②③
（4）After reading the passage, we advise some patients to keep smiling because___________.
A. it can reduce their stress
B. it is good for their health
C. it can improve their mood
D. it can help them forget their diseases
（5）What's the best title for the passage?
A. Benefits of smiling     B. Ways of smiling     C. Smiling and disease     D. Smiling and health
【答案】 （1）B
（2）C
（3）B
（4）B
（5）A
【解析】【分析】文章大意：这篇文章微笑讲了是一种肢体语言。事实上，这不仅仅是一种肢体语言。它也有一些不同的好处：首先，微笑可以减轻压力。其次，微笑对你的健康有好处。第三，微笑可以改善你的情绪。最后，微笑可以帮助你轻松交朋友。
（1）细节理解题，根据First of all, smiling can reduce stress. Secondly, smiling is good for your health. Thirdly, smiling can improve your mood. Lastly, smiling can help you make friends easily. 首先，微笑可以减轻压力。其次，微笑对你的健康有好处。第三，微笑可以改善你的情绪。最后，微笑可以帮助你轻松交朋友，可知有四种，故选B。
（2）词义猜测题，根据 First of all, smiling can reduce stress. 首先，微笑可以减轻压力，和 Even listening to others' laughter and seeing smiling faces can help you keep calm and relaxed. 即使是听别人的笑声和看到微笑的脸，也能帮助你保持冷静和放松，我们可以推断出，这里是说微笑可以帮助人们消除压力，故选C。
（3）细节理解题，根据“Even listening to others' laughter and seeing smiling faces can help you keep calm and relaxed. 即使是听别人的笑声和看到微笑的脸，也能帮助你保持冷静和放松。"可知让人放松的有听别人的笑声和看到微笑的脸，故选B。
（4）细节理解题，根据“smiling is good for your health. For example, it can strengthen your immune（消化） system. It's said that keeping smiling can help you fight against many kinds of diseases. That's why we often advise some patients to be happy and keep smiling. 微笑对你的健康有好处。例如，它可以增强你的免疫系统。据说保持微笑可以帮助你对抗多种疾病。这就是为什么我们经常建议一些病人要快乐并且保持微笑，故选B。
（5）主旨大意题，根据文章大意微笑是一种肢体语言。事实上，这不仅仅是一种肢体语言。它也有一些不同的好处：首先，微笑可以减轻压力。其次，微笑对你的健康有好处。第三，微笑可以改善你的情绪。最后，微笑可以帮助你轻松交朋友。主要写了微笑的好处，故选A。
【点评】考查阅读理解题，本文涉及细节题、词义猜测题、主旨大意题三种常考题型，细节题要带着问题在阅读中寻找答案；词义猜测题要抓住上下文，善于利用连接词、代词及词性、同义词、反义词等进行判断选择；主旨大意题要遵循“精、准、全”正确地选取能包含文章的主要内容及作者要表达的观点的选项。
5．阅读短文，选择正确的选项。
    Australia is the greatest island in the world .It is to the south of the equator （赤道）. So when it is summer in our country, it is cold winter in Australia.
    Australia is big, but the population （人口） there is thin. The population is the same as that of Shanghai, a city of China. Australia is a young, diverse nation and the Australian people come from many different countries.
    Australia has many, many sheep. After a short drive from town, you will see sheep around you. You can also find a kangaroo which has a "bag" below its chest. The mother kangaroo keeps its babies in the "bag".
    Australia is considered to be a relaxed, informal society. When greeting others, students and young people usually say "Hello" or "Hi". Sometimes they say "How's it going？" or "Good day". In more formal （正式的） situations they usually shake hands the