译林五年级练习与知识点.docx

基础知识【词组】 在森林里 in the forest 三只熊 three bears 又饿又渴 hungry and thirsty 一些汤 some soup 在桌子上 on the table 太烫了 too hot 太硬了 too hard 太软了 too soft 正好 just right 疲劳；累了 be tired 害怕 be afraid 在她前面 in front of her 【句型】1. What a beautiful house!2. This is hot/cold/hard/soft.3. She is hungry/thirsty/tired/happy/afraid.4. Theres a/some+介词短语.5. There are some+介词短语.6. Who are you?语法知识【方位介词】1.between 在之间（在两者之间 ）2.beside 在旁边 3.in front of 在前面 4.under 在下面 5.behind 在后面 【there be结构】1.there be结构表示“某时、某地存在着什么事物或人”，包括there is、there are(there was、there were)2.和have/has的区别： There be 句型表示：在某地有某物（或人） ；而have、has、had表示：某人拥有某物。3.在there be 句型中，主语是单数或不可数，be 动词用is；主语是复数，be 动词用are； 如有几件物品，be动词根据最靠近be 动词的那个名词决定“就近原则”。 如：There is a desk and some chairs in the room.4.there be 句型的否定句在be 动词后加not , 一般疑问句把be 动词调到句首。 如：There is a bear in the forest.否定句：There is not a bear in the forest.疑问句：Is there a bear in the forest?5.some和any在there be 句型中的运用：some 用于肯定句， any 用于否定句或疑问句。 6.and 和or 在there be句型中的运用：and 用于肯定句， or 用于否定句或疑问句。7.针对数量提问的特殊疑问句的基本结构是： How many + 名词复数 + are there + 介词短语？ How much + 不可数名词 + is there + 介词短语？ 8.针对主语提问的特殊疑问句的基本结构是： Whats + 介词短语？ 如：There is a house in the forest.(对画线部分提问) Whats in the forest? There are three beds in the room.(对画线部分提问) Whats in the room?【Some与any的用法】1）Some一般用于肯定句，意思是几个、一些、某个2）Some用于疑问句时，表示建议、请求或希望得到肯定回答， 如：-Would you like some tea?(建议） -OK. Thank you. -Im hungry. -How about some noodles?(建议) -Can I have some water? 我可以喝点水吗？(请求) -Here you are.3） Any一般用于疑问句或否定句，意思是任何一些、任何一个 如：We dont have any lessons on Saturday. Are there any students in the classroom?4）Any用于肯定句时，意思是任何的，如：Come here with any friends.练一练一、选择题。1.（）There _ a book on the table.A. isB. are2.（）_ there an apple on your desk?A. areB. is3. ()There _ some students in the classroom.A. areB. is4 .（）There _ a pencil , a book and two pens on the table.A. isB. are5 .（）There _ two apples, one orange and one banana on the table.A. isB. are6 .（ ）Are there _ pictures on the wall ?No, there arent_.A .any anyB some anyC. some some7.（）Are there _ houses near the river? Yes, there are_.A. some, some B. any, some C. any, any D. some, any8.（）There is _ book in his hand.A. noB not二、用“have,has”或者“there is , there are”填空。1. I_a good father and a good mother.2. _many children on the hill.3. He_a mirror.4. _a basketball in the playground.5. She_some dresses.6. They_a nice garden.7. What do you_?8. _a reading-room in the building?9. What does Mike_?10. _a map of the world on the wall.11. My father_a story-book.12. _a story-book on the table.13. My parents_some nice pictures.14. _some maps on the wall.三、用恰当的be动词填空。1、Therea lot of(许多) sweets in the box.2、Theresome milk in the glass.3、Theresome people under the the big tree.4、Therea picture and a map on the wall.5、Therefour cups of coffee on the table.四、按要求写句子。1.There is an end table in my room.(改为一般疑问句、否定句)2.There are two students in the classroom.(改为一般疑问句、否定句)3.There are some books on the desk.( (改为一般疑问句、否定句)五、选用some或any填空。1) There isnt_milk in the fridge. 2) I can see_cars, but I cant see_buses.3) He has_ friends in Beijing. 4) Here are_presents(礼物) for you. 5) Does Tom want to make _ cakes? 6) 6) Is there_rice in the kitchen? 7) There are_new teachers in our school. 9)-Would you like_ cakes? -No, Id not like_cakes, but Id like_coffee.10)-Are there_pictures on the wall? -No, there arent_pictures.3