第四讲中考英语总复习完形填空专项练习.doc

第四讲 中考英语总复习完形填空专项练习

钟聪 原创
2007-05-11 点击数: 4434

     完形填空题是对学生英语语言知识与语言运用能力的一种测试。其考查的形式灵活，综合性较强，要求考生能综合运用所学的知识在特定的语境中进行合理的推理判断，并能准确地从四个备选项中选出正确答案，使补足后的短文结构完整，意义通畅。
一．做题中的推测手段
    1．根据上下文的逻辑关系进行推测。
    注意上下文的逻辑关系和文章的逻辑关系是做好完形填空题的关键，它要求考生在了解文章大意的基础上，联系上下文，运用思维逻辑进行比较、判断，找出既符合词义、句意，又符合上下文语境，合理的正确答案。
    2．根据语篇标志进行推测。
    语篇一般是指比单一句子长的语言单位，如句群、段落、篇章等。语篇和语篇之间往往有标明其内在联系的词语，这些词语称为“语篇标志”，例如：表示结构层次的firstly, secondly等，表示逻辑关系的therefore, so, but等，表示话题改变的by the way等。在做完形填空题时，充分利用这些语篇标志可以迅速理清文章的脉络，弄清上下文之间的关系。
    3．根据文化背景知识进行推测。
    完形填空题考查的知识面较广，从文化、科学常识，到历史地理知识；从风俗民情到民族习惯等等，无所不考。考生在做这类题时，要特别注意中西文化方面所存在的差异。具备了一定的文化背景知识，才能比较准确地判断正确答案。
    4．根据常识进行判断。
    中学生已经掌握了较丰富的科学与生活常识，也具备了一定的判断能力。在考查语言知识和技能的同时，考查这些简单的常识性的问题，也是对学生知识面的检测。
    5．根据语法知识进行推测。
    对于考查语法知识的考题，不仅要理解上下文的逻辑关系，更要有针对性地对语法结构、句式特点进行分析，并根据其语法结构和句式特点进行合理推测，从而迅速解决问题。
    6．运用词汇知识推测答案。
    完形填空题中对词汇知识的考查，主要集中在词语的搭配和同义词的辨析两大方面。要做好这类题目，首先要有较大的词汇量，较强的词语搭配能力，以及在语句中理解词义的能力，做题时要结合上下文的语境，确定词的意义。

二．例题解析
 “Ring… ring…” the telephone suddenly rang. Sam got up to  1   the call. It was his aunt. “Sam,  2   are you still at home?” she asked surprisingly. Sam 1ooked at the clock. It was already 7:30 a. m. “Oh, my goodness! There’s an important   3   today,” Sam shouted out. He hurried to wash his face and get   4  . When he was going to leave the house, he  5   that he had not put away his books. He ran quickly to the  6   and put them into the bag. He then went to the bus stop to go to school as  7   as he could. When he got into the classroom, his classmates were  8   writing. “Why are you so   9  ?” asked the teacher . “I’m sorry, sir,” Sam answered, afraid of looking   10  . “It was my clock.. It   11    to wake me up this morning and ....” “Don't say anything about it,” his teacher   12   him. “Don’t try to come late next time!” Sam said yes and walked to his   13   quickly. But when he tried to do the paper, he could not   14   in a right way. He put his head on the desk and said, “What a   15   day it has been for me!”
(  )1.   A. find           B. give            C. put             D. answer
(  )2.   A. why          B. how            C. when           D. where
(  )3.   A. talk           B. party           C. exam           D. meeting
(  )4.   A. tired          B. lost            C. dressed          D. rested
(  )5.   A. forgot         B. remembered     C. understood       D. thought
(  )6.   A. classroom      B. desk            C. bus             D. door
(  )7.   A. carefully       B. quietly          C. early            D. fast
(  )8.   A. worried        B. free             C. busy           D. careful
(  )9.   A. 1ate           B. ill             C. lonely          D. ready
(  )10.  A. down          B. up             C. out             D. back
(  )11.  A. happened       B. stopped       C. failed           D. pointed
(  )12.  A. helped         B. knew      C. followed        D. stopped
(  )13.  A. room        B. table         C. seat            D. teacher
(  )14.  A. think        B. sit         C. turn            D. speak
(  )15.  A. short      B. bad         C. happy          D. usual
    分析：这是一篇关于一个学生考试迟到的事。短文一开始就是电话铃声，Sam应该起来接电话，所以第l空中应选D，这四个动词中只有answer能表示“接电话”这个含义。第2空中要选择一个副词，句中已含有still at home等状语，故不能选择when，where, how表示方式，如用在本句中则句意不通，所以选A。第3空，从后文知，Sam是到学校去，故应选C。对于学生来说，exam是学生最可能要做的事，并且后文说到其他学生在writing。第4空，get dressed意为“穿衣服”，要注意这个短语的完整性。第5空，从前一句中的动词leave以及后文中的一系列动作可知，本空中应填remembered才符合逻辑，其他词不能使文章通顺。第6空要注意分析备选项的意义；从后文he had not put away his books可知选B最合适，因书应该是放在课桌上。第7空中应填fast，因Sam 要迟到了。第8空中要注意在形容词后接writing，故选busy。第9空，从上文知，Sam 已经迟到了，故老师应问他迟到的原因，选A。第10空表明Sam的态度，他害怕抬头看老师，故选up。第11空，Sam所陈述的理由是闹钟未响，故填C，failed。第12空，从上文Sam的话没说完知道这时老师打断了他的话，故选D，stopped。第13空，Sam 在教室里走去的当然是C，seat。第14空，本空说明Sam 思维混乱，不能思考，选A。第15空，综合上文可知Sam 感到这一天太糟糕，故选B
三．专项练习
    阅读下面的短文，理解大意，然后从各小题的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，使短文连贯完整。

                                                     第（1）组
    A hot dog is one of the most popular American foods. It was named after frankfurter, a German food .
    You may hear “hot dog ” 1    in other ways . People sometimes say “hot dog ” to express  2  . For example （例如）, a friend may ask 3   you would like to go to the cinema . You might say, “Great ! I would love to go. ”Or , you could say , “  4    ! I would love to go. ”
    People  5    use the expression to describe （描写）someone who is a “show-off” , who tries to show everyone else how  6    he is . You often hear such 7     called a “hot dog ”. He may be a baseball player for example, who  8     the ball with one hand , making a (n)  9    catch seem more difficult . You know he is a hot dog because when he makes such a catch , he bows （鞠躬）to the crowd , hoping to win their   10   .
 (    )1. A. eaten   B. used  C. cooked   D. picked
 (    )2. A. strength  B. practice C. pleasure  D. reply
 (    )3. A. if   B. how  C. when   D. where
 (    )4. A. Hot dog  B. Don’t worry C. Never mind  D. Excuse me
 (    )5. A. ever   B. also   C. still   D. yet
 (    )6. A. hopeful  B. careful   C. kind   D. great
 (    ) 7. A. a dog   B. a hand   C. a person  D. an action
 (    )8. A. catches  B. plays   C. passes   D. throws
 (    )9. A. hard   B. funny   C. exciting  D. easy
 (    )10. A. thanks  B. cheers   C. medals   D. matches
                                               第（2）组
   Mark Twain, the famous writer and speaker, liked to play jokes on others. But once a joke was played  1   him.
    One day Mark Twain gave a lecture in a small town. At lunch a young man told him that his uncle  2   laughed. Nobody and nothing could make his uncle  3  .
    But Twain said he was  4  he could make him laugh. He asked the young man to   5    his uncle to his house. That evening Mark Twain told some  6  stories. Everyone there laughed,  7   the old man never even smiled. Twain told the funniest stories, but the old man did not laugh,   8  . At last, he stopped. He was very tired.
    Some days later, Mark Twain told a friend of   9   about this story. His friend laughed and said that he knew that old man. He was   10   .
(    )1. A. at   B. on   C. with  D. in
(    )2. A. always  B. sometimes  C. often  D. never
(    )3. A. laugh   B. cry   C. speak  D. read
(    )4. A. afraid  B. sorry   C. sure  D. happy
(    ) 5. A. leave   B. carry   C. bring  D. show
(    )6. A. unhappy  B. terrible  C. sad  D. interesting
(    ) 7. A. so   B. but   C. and  D. or
(    )8. A. too   B. either   C. also  D. already
(    )9. A. theirs   B. mine   C. his  D. hers
(    ) 10. A. deaf   B. blind   C. asleep  D. dead
                                                 第（3）组
     Traffic accidents killed more than 104,000 people in China last year. Chinese cities have   1  cars than before. Every day many people are  2  while they cross the road. Most of  3   are old people and children. Old people are often killed   4   they usually can’t see clearly or hear very well. 5   are killed because they are careless.
    A car, truck or bus can’t stop very  6   if it is going very fast. The faster a car is traveling,  7 it takes to stop. But people walking in the street do not always understand this. It’s  8   for people to know how fast a car is traveling.
    The new traffic laws were put into use  9   May 1st, 2004. The new traffic laws will   10  the streets safer for walking and driving.
  (    )1. A. bigger     B. more   C. fewer   D. smaller
  (    )2. A. killed   B. caught   C. shot   D. attacked
  (    )3. A. it       B. you   C. them   D. us
  (    )4. A. when   B. because  C. if    D. though
  (    )5. A. Drivers  B. Women  C. Old people  D. Children
  (    )6. A. quickly  B. hardly   C. clearly   D. slowly
  (    )7. A. the faster  B. the safer  C. the farther  D. the longer
  (    )8. A. difficult  B. easy   C. dangerous  D. true
  (    )9. A. in      B. at    C. on   D. for
  (    )10. A. take   B. make   C. stop   D. find
                                                 第（4）组
       Imagine you receive an e-mail that looks something like this: ARE YOU GOING TO CLASS TODAY? How does  1  this message make you feel? Why did the sender use  2   capital（大写）letters? Was he or she angry,  3  did that person just  4   to turn off the “Caps Lock”（大写锁定）on the computer. This e-mail “sounds” like the 5   is shouting because using all capital letters in an e-mail is  6  the way that people shout online.
    Knowing when and when not to  7  capital letters is just one   8   of online etiquette（礼仪）.
    Don’t do anything online that you wouldn’t do in 9   life. Don’t use information that someone else has written, and   10  it’s yours. Do share （分享）your knowledge of the Internet with others.
(    )1. A. reading  B. typing   C. watching  D. leaving
(    )2. A. some   B. all   C. any   D. none
(    )3. A. but   B. or   C. and   D. so
(    ) 4. A. start   B. begin   C. forget   D. remember
(    ) 5. A. writer  B. worker   C. nurse   D. student
(    )6. A. hardly  B. carefully  C. silently  D. usually
(    ) 7. A. copy   B. believe  C. double   D. use
(    )8. A. mistake  B. advice   C. example  D. game
(    )9. A. digital  B. real   C. quiet   D. healthy
(    )10. A. speak   B. tell   C. talk   D. say

                                              第（5）组
         On the morning of May 2, 1980, Rosalie Warren received the envelope（信封）with her grades（等第）in it. As she 1   it, Warren wanted to know whether her hundreds of 2    of studying had paid off. They had.
　　“I 3    five A’s,” she still remembers the moment happily. “I  4     fell on the floor.”
　　Warren was born on August 29, 1900. Two years 5     she entered（进入）high school, her father died. Warren had to leave school for factory work to help support（支撑）her 6   Warren was a person who always 7     school. In 1975, when she was 75, she learned about Suffolk University’s（大学的）tuition-free（免学费的）program.
　　Now she is not 8    with learning. “It’s my  9    to go to school,” she says. Nancy Stoll, head of students, says, “Warren is a good  10   for our younger students ——that learning is a lifetime activity（活动）….”
(   )1. A. wrote   B. made   C. opened    D. bought
(   )2. A. dollars   B. hours   C. books     D. grades
(   )3. A. spelt     B. chose   C. got       D. guessed
(   )4. A. already    B. always   C. almost    D. also
(   )5. A. before     B. after     C. till        D. while
(   )6. A. family     B. school    C. factory     D. classmates
(   )7. A. had      B. liked       C. built       D. founded
(   )8. A. finished   B. started     C. left         D. kept
(   )9. A. duty      B. work       C. life         D. mistake
(   )10. A. visitor    B. example     C. member     D. headmaster
                                               第（6）组
        Swimming is very popular in summer. People like swimming in summer because water makes them    1   cool. If you like swimming but swim in a   2   place, it may not be safe. These years, more than ten people    3   while they were enjoying themselves in the water and   4   of them were students. But some people are   5 not careful in swimming. They often think they swim so   6   that nothing can happen to them in water. Summer is here again. If you go swimming in summer, don't forget    7   better swimmers have died in water. They died because they were not careful, not because they    8   swim. So don't get into water when you are alone. 9    there is a "No Swimming" sign, don't get into water, 10   . If you remember these, swimming will be safer.
(    )1. A. felt    B. to feel   C. feeling          D. feel
(    )2. A. difficult  B. wrong  C. right            D. small
(    )3. A. have died  B. die   C. died   D. will die
(    )4. A. much  B. more    C. lot         D. most
(    )5. A. still  B. already   C. yet        D. even
(    )6. A. will  B. often    C. fast    D. hard
(    )7. A. what  B. who    C. which  D. that
(    )8. A. needn't  B. wouldn't  C. couldn't  D. mustn't
(    )9. A. Because B. If          C. Whether     D. Though
(    )10. A. also  B. nor   C. either    D. too
                                              第（7）组
      Mr. Johnson was having trouble with his stomach (胃),  1   he went to see a doctor. The doctor examined (检查) his stomach    2   but couldn't find any problem. Then he said, "Well, Mr. Johnson, take it easy. There's  3   serious. Stop smoking and then you'll be all right very  4  ."
      "But doctor," answered Mr. Johnson, "I   5  . I don't like smoking at all."
      "Oh, I see," said the doctor , "then stop drinking alcohol (酒)   6  ."
      "But I don't drink alcohol, "answered Mr. Johnson.
      "Don't drink   7   tea or coffee then," the doctor said to him.
      "I    8   drink water," answered Mr. Johnson, "I don't like tea or coffee."
      The doctor    9   for a while and then said, "Well, what do you like to eat then?"
      "Potatoes. I like potatoes very much," Mr. Johnson answered at once.
      "All right, then stop 10   potatoes, "said the doctor as he got up to say goodbye to Mr. Johnson.
(    )1. A. so    B. but  C. or  D. for
(    )2. A. slowly   B. happily   C. quickly D. carefully
(    )3. A. anything    B. something   C. nothing  D. everything
(    )4. A. early  B. soon  C. late    D. much
(    )5.  A. won't smoke   B. never smoked C. couldn't smoke D.needn't smoke
(    )6. A. from now on     B. just now       C. from then on   D. until now
(    )7. A. any   B. many     C. some     D. little
(    )8. A. will   B. won't      C. don't   D. only
(    )9. A. thinks B. though    C. is thinking  D. has thought
(    )10. A. cutting B. buying      C. eating    D. washing
                                           第（8）组
         The bicycle is one of the simplest yet most useful inventions in the world. What is most surprising is that it was not  1  earlier, although the great inventor Leonardo da Vinci had drawn pictures for bicycles and also for flying machines and some other things. Those things were not produced  2   long after he died.
A person riding a bicycle uses 3    energy(能源)to make the bicycle move, and there is no pollution(污染)at all when you are riding. Even so, in developed  4  , most people don't travel to work by bicycle. It is not because the bicycles are expensive or people feel   5   if they tide to work. It' s because  6  cars on the roads becomes larger. It certainly becomes  7     to ride a bicycle. As a result, more people put their bicycles away and go to work  8  their cars and , in this way, the situation(情形)is made more serious.  __9  the best way to make tiding safer and more popular is to create paths(开设通道)only for bicycles, and to make   10  so difficult and expensive for drivers to take their cars into the city that they will go back to using their bicycles.
(    )1. A. invent      B. inventing   C. invented    D. to invent
(    )2. A. before     B. when        C. since         D. until
(    )3. A. much     B. quite a lot of   C. very. little     D. m