中考英语语法专项总复习词法专题冠词.doc

中考英语语法专项总复习冠词专题定冠词和不定冠词的特殊用法。冠词虽小, 但属中考考查范围之一。一般出现在单项选择, 多作为基础题, 考点设置主要是它们的基本用法。目标要求区分冠词的种类、理解不定冠词中a 和an 的用法, 记住不定冠词和定冠词的用法及不用冠词的情况, 了解冠词在句子中的作用。【经典题例】1. Greens are on visit to beautiful city in China.A. /; a B. A; theC. The; a D. The; /【解析】定冠词the 和姓氏的复数连用表示“某某一家人或某夫妇”, 故答案是C。2. Have you got e - mail address? Oh yes, mine is wj680.A. the B. an C. a D. /【解析】e-mail address 中的第一个音即字母e 的发音, 是元音, 应填an, 故答案是B。3. Mr black didnt go to work yesterday because he was ill in bed.A. a B. an C. the D. /【解析】某些固定短语中是不用冠词的,比如at home ( 在家) , at school ( 在学校) , bybus( 乘公汽) , have breakfast( 吃早餐) , on duty(值日) 等。某些短语用和不用冠词有区别,比如at table( 就餐) , at the table( 坐在桌旁)等。in bed 卧床生病( 固定搭配) , in the bed意为“躺在床上”,故答案是D。【实战演练】1. David comes from European country and he is honest boy. A. an; a B. a; an C. the; an D. a; the2. Is English- Chinese dictionary on the desk yours? No, I dont have English- Chinese dictionary. I use English- English dictionaries. A. an; an B. an; theC. the; an D. the; the3. Peter likes playing football very much, but he doesnt like football I bought for him on his birthday.A. the; the B. /; /C. the; / D. /; the4. Whats the matter with you? I caught bad cold and had to stay in bed. A. the; the B. a; theC. a; a D. a; /5. Did you enjoy yourself at the party? Yes, Ive never been to one before.A. a more exciting B. the most excitedC. a more excited D. the most exciting6. Do you know university student who is talking with Joe? Yes, shes my cousin, Kate. A. a B. an C. the7. Whom would you like to be your assistant, Jack or David? If I had to choose, David would be choice. A. good B. betterC. the better D. the best8. Will you get there by train? No, Ill take taxi. A. /; a B. a; the C. /; / D. the; a9. My brother studies in university. university is very far from here.A. an; The B. a; The C. the; A D. a; A10. Which country has population,Japan, India or China? Japan, of course. A. small B. smallerC. smallest D. the smallest答案：1. 选B。本题测试a 和an 的用法区别。a 和an都表示“一”, 但an 用在元音音素前, 而a 用在辅音音素前。European 以辅音/j/开头, 其前用不定冠词a; honest 以元音开头(字母h 不发音), 其前用不定冠词an。学生容易混淆的常见的还有; a university (一所大学); a useful book(一本有用的书); an hour(一个小时)。2. 选C。本题考查不定冠词a / an 和定冠词the用法的区别。不定冠词a / an 表示泛指, 意为“一”,而定冠词the 表示特指, 意为“这个, 那个”, 问句中特指桌上的那本英汉词典, 故用the, 而答句中“我没有英汉词典”, 表示泛指用an。3. 选D。football 作球类运动讲时, 前面不用冠词。第二空用the, 特指“我买给他的那个足球”。4. 选D。本题考查冠词的习惯用法: catch a cold意为“感冒”; stay / lie in bed 意为“卧床”。5. 选A。excited 意为“激动的, 兴奋的”, 常用来修饰sb.; exciting 意为“令人激动的,激动人心的”,常用来修饰sth.。答句中one 指代上文中的party, 故排除干扰项B 和C。形容词的最高级前常用定冠词the , 表示“最”, 本题意为“我以前从来没有去过比这更激动人心的聚会”。6. 选C。题干中university student 后有定语从句限定, 特指“与乔正在交谈的那个大学生”, 所以用定冠词the 。7. 选C。由题干问句中Jack or David 所给的两个选择可知, 本题属于比较级范围, 答语的意思是“必选两个选择中的一个”, 并且句中又没有than, 所以C 选项正确。比较级前通常是不用定冠词的, 但比较级中两者只表示一者, 又无than 时, 比较级前要加定冠词the。8. 选A。第一个空前后为by train, 固定短语, 名词前不加冠词; 第二个空用不定冠a 表示类别, 即“乘坐出租车”, 而不是乘坐其他交通工具。by 接交通工具名词, 表示“以某种交通方式”时, 该交通工具名词前不加冠词。9. 选B。首次提到某人或某物时, 用不定冠词,第二次再提到时要用定冠词the。第一空后的university是第一次出现表示泛指, 并且是辅音素开头,用不定冠a; 第二个空后university 是第二次出现,特指前文所指, 所以用定冠词the。10. 选D。由题干问句中所给出的Japan, Indiaor China 三个选择内容可知, 属于最高级范围的比较。形容词最高级前面通常要加定冠词the。