初中宾语从句讲解及专项练习.doc

初中英语宾语从句讲解

一、 宾语从句的概念
宾语从句属于名词性从句，在句中作主句的宾语。
eg. We know Mr. Green teaches English.
She asked if these answers were right.
二、宾语从句三要素
引导词（连接词）
语 序
时 态

三、重难点掌握

（一）引导词
1． 由从属连词that引导的宾语从句
由从属连词that引导的宾语从句
注：that 在句中无词汇意义，在从句中不能充当成分，在口语当中往往省略
e.g.
1. I hear (that) you passed the exam.
2. He said (that) his father was a singer.
3. The teacher told us (that) the sun rises in the east.

2． 由从属连词 whether, if 引导的宾语从句（重点掌握）
由从属连词whether, if 引导的宾语从句
if/ whether “是否”，说明对陈述的事物不明确或不清楚。常用在ask, wonder, can(could) you tell me 等后。
1. I want to know whether/if he is right.
2. I Ask him whether/if he likes me_.
3. I wonder _whether/if we can get there.
4. Could you tell me whether/if that film is interesting ?

◆只能用whether不能用if的情况
1.在介词后面：
I’m thinking of whether we should go fishing.
We are worried about whether it will rain tomorrow.
2.在动词不定式前：
They asked me whether to go skating.
3.当与or not连用，或提出两种选择时:
I don’t know whether he’s free or not.
Mary asked whether I was doing my homework or not.
Tell me whether you’d like to go shopping or tidy the room.
4.宾语从句提前时：
Whether this is true or not, I can’t say.

3． 由连接代词 Who,whom,whose,which, what和连接副词 where,how,why,when引导的宾语从句。
这些代词或副词连接主句和从句，并在从句中担任句子成分，具有一定的意义，不可省略。
1. He asked who the man is.
2. Do you know whose book it is?
3. He asked what he could do for that.
4. Do you know which answer is the best?
5. Please tell me where the right way is.
6. Can you tell me how we can get there?
7. Could you tell me when we should meet?

（二）语序：陈述句语序
即：主句+连接词+从句（主+谓+其他成分）
Do you remember (他多大岁数)?
当从句的原句为以下句子以及what, who作主语时，语序不变：
What’s wrong?
What’s the matter?
What’s happening?
What happened?
eg:I don’t know what’s the matter.
Can you tell me who is over there?

（三）时态：
1、主句用一般现在时，现在进行时或一般将来时等“现在”范畴的时态时，从句的时态根据需要来用，不受主句影响。

I want to know what time he got up this morning.
He will tell us that he has been able to look after himself.
They are saying that they really like this city.

2、主句用过去时，从句用与过去相关的时态。
Kate said there was a box under the desk.
They asked what he was doing then.
She asked whether I had seen her before.

3、从句说明的是一般真理、客观事实、自然现象、名言时，仍用现在时。
Dad told us that it is better to do than to say.
He told the boy that three and three is six.
He told me the earth moves around the sun.

4、从句中有具体时间状语，即使从句动作发生在主句动作前，仍用一般过去时。
The teacher told me she was born in 1960.

Step4初中英语宾语从句专项练习

一、将下面的句子连接成为含有宾语从句的复合句。
1．These flowers are from Guangdong. He said.
He said _______ these flowers _______ from Guangdong.
2. Light travels faster than sound. My teacher told me.
My teacher told me _____ light _______ faster than sound.
3．There will be a meeting in five days. Jack didn’t know.
Jack didn’t know _____ there _____ ____ a meeting in five days.
4．Can they speak French? I want to know.
I want to know ______ _______ _______ _______ French.
5．Are the children playing games? Tell me.
Tell me ______ the children ______ ______ games.
6．Have you finished your homework yet? Mr. Zhao asked Ma Gang.
Mr. Zhao asked Ma Gang ____ _____ ____ ____ ___ homework yet.
7．How many people can you see in the picture? Who knows?
Who knows ______ _____ _____ ____ _____ ______ in the picture?
8．Where did she park her car? Do you know?
Do you know _____ _____ ____ her car?
二、选择填空。
( ) 1. What did Mike say? He said ____________________.
A. if you are free the next week B. what colour was it
C. the weather is fine D. summer comes after spring
( ) 2. Tom asked my friend ________________.
A. where was he from B. that the earth is bigger than the moon
C. when did he come back D. not to be so angry
( ) 3. Let me tell you __________________.
A. how much is the car B. how much does the car cost
C. how much did I pay for the car D. how much I spent on the car
( ) 4. Peter knew _______________.
A. whether he has finished reading the book
B. why the boy had so many questions
C. there were 12 months in a year D. when they will leave for Paris
( )5. Could you tell me ___________?
　 A. where do you live 　 B. who you are waiting for
　 C. who were you waiting for D. where you live in
( )6. I can't understand ______the boy alone.
　 A. why she left 　 B. why did she leave
　 C. why she had left　 D. why had she left
( )7. She told me the sun ______ in the east.
　 A. rise 　B. rose 　C. rises 　D. had risen
( )8.I don't know ________ up so early last Sunday.
A. why did he get B. why he gets C. why does he get D. why he got
( )9. The manager came up to see __________.
　 A. what was the matter 　B. what the matter was
C. what the matter is D. what's the matter
( )10. He asked his father _______.
　 A. where it happens B. where did it happen
　 C. how it happened D. how did it happen
三、用合适的连接词填空。
1. Jim told me ____ he didn't go fishing yesterday afternoon.（how, why）
2. Do you know ______ else is going to be on duty today？（who, whom）
3. She said _____ it wouldn't matter much.（that, if）
4. He always thinks ______ he can do better.（how, who）
5. I really don't know ________ the bridge will be finished.（how long, how soon）
6. They don't know _______ to go or wait. (if, whether)
7. We are talking about ______ we’ll go back tomorrow. (whether, if)
8. I was really surprised at ______ I saw. (where, what)
9. I don't know ____ so many people are looking at him. (how, why)
10. Do you know ______ you are studying for? (why, what)
四、句型转换。
1. “Do you want to try it?” Tom's mother asked him.(同义句)→
Tom's mother asked him _______ _______ ______ to try it.
2. I think this is a good idea.（改为否定句） →
I _______ ________ this ________ a good idea.
3. Lucy hasn't decided which trousers to buy.（改为复合句） →
　 Lucy hasn't decided ________ _________ ________ _______ buy.
4. I don't know how I can get to the hospital.（改为简单句） →
　 I don't know ________ ________ ________ to the hospital.
5. I don’t suppose they will come, _______ ______ ? (改为反意疑问句)
五、用所给动词的正确形式填空。
1. We are sure that he ________ (go) to school tomorrow.
2. Do you know who ______ (be) the first man to walk on the moon?
3. Could you tell me where the post office ______ (is)?
4. Our father said that he _______ (will) buy a new computer.
5. I hear that he _______ (swim) in the sea yesterday.

参考答案：
一、1.that, were 2.that, travels 3.that, would be 4.if/whether they can speak 5.if/whether, are playing 6.if/whether he had finished his 7. how many people you can see 8.where she parked
二、1—5: DDDBB 6—10:ACDBC
三、1.why 2.who 3.that 4.how 5.how soon 6.whether 7.whether 8.what 9.why 10.what
四、1.if/whether he wanted 2.don’t think, is 3.which trousers she can 4.how to get 5.will they
五、1.will go 2.was 3. is 4.would 5.swam