形容词与副词资料.ppt

形容词与副词形容词 一、形容词 1、特点：表示名词或代词的特点与状态。它在句中作定语、表语、补足语及状语。部分形容词与the 连用，表示一类人，在句中做主语或宾语。2、形容词做定语的位置：1）、几个形容词同时修饰同一个名词时，其位置为：大小-形状-颜色-材料-产地 a big round red wooden table 2)、音节较短的词放在音节较长的词前。a small but comfortable room 3)、如有代词、数词、形容词同时出现时，其位置为：代词-数词-形容词 other two little Chinese boys 3、形容词的作用：1）、作定语，常放在名词前，冠词后。a little boy a five-year-old boy 短语作定语时，放在名词后：a、短语形容词：数词单位词复数形容词 He is a boy about five years old.b、不定式：There is a lot of work to do.c、分词短语：The teacher playing basketball with us is our headteacher.Those invited to the party are my friends.d、单个分词作定语放在名词前。The sleeping boy is very lovely.a broken glass e、在代词something/anything/nothing 中，形容词放最后。I have something important to tell you.2、作表语，用于系动词后，表示主语的特点与状态。Trees grow green in spring.I am interested in English.3、做补足语 a、在make/keep/leave/paint/push/force/tear/beat/find/think/consider 宾语形容词。This thing made me angry.b、在make/find/think/consider it 形容词不定式句 。The rainy weather makes it impossible for us to go on a trip.I find it important to learn English well.4、用于句末，表示主语的状态，做伴随状语。He returned home,tired and hungry.4、特殊词的形容词比较级：good/well-better-best bad-worse-worst badly-worse-worst far -farther-farthest(表示距离)-further-furthest(表示程度）old-older-oldest （表示老少、新旧）-elder-eldest （表示长幼）late-later-latest （表示时间）-latter-last （表示顺序）lately 近来 later on 后来 elderly 年长的 Are you feeling any better today?My elder brother is three years older than me.how much farther should I walk?Look at those two men.The former is taller than the latter.5、比较结构的应用：1）、平行比较 asas 同一样 否定 not so as 常可用quite 修饰 a Li lei is as tall as Wu peng.He is not so tall as me.2）、比较级than He is taller than me.注：同类比较，常用any other 修饰名词。He is taller than any other student in our class.不同类比较，常用other 修饰名词。China is larger than other student in Africa.3）、no 比较级 than 表示平行比较，相当于“as.as”He is no taller than me.4）、比较级and 比较级 表示越来越。多音节用“more and more”The little girl becomes more and more beautiful.5）、the 比较级从句，the 比较级从句。表示“越.就越”The harder you study,the more progress youll make.6、比较级的修饰词 常用any/much/far/a little/a lot/even/still/slightly/by far 等修饰比较级，by far 修饰比较及时，比较级前加the.There are much more books in our library than in theirs.7、cant/couldnt 与比较级和程度副词连用，表示肯定。I cant agree with you any more.8、few/a few/little/a little /a bit of 的用法。few 与 a few 修饰可数名词，little 与 a little 修饰不可数名词。few 与little 表示否定，a few 与a little 表示肯定。a bit of 表示 一点/一些 Few students knows the news.A few students know him well.There is a little water in the bottle.There is a bit of wood in the room.副 词 1、特点：副词在句中可做定语、表语、补足语及状语。2、应用：a、作定语，放在名词后。The man upstairs often made the man downstairs angry.The car over there belongs to me.b、作表语。常用为：be away /out/in/here/there 注：here、there 常放句首，主语为名词时，主谓倒装。Here is a book for you.主语为人称代词时，用正常语序。Here you are.Her I am.c、做补足语。用于“with 名词副词”结构中。We have our class with the lights on.d、作状语：He studied hard,so he took the first place in the exams.3、形容词变副词的特殊形式：terrible-terribly possible-possibly probable-probably 形容词与副词同形词。late/far/well/likely/early 4、副词的区别：1）、always/often/usually/ever/seldom/never.always 表示总是，表示经常性，常可与进行时连用。He always help others.The boy is always borrowing money from others.often 常常，指一个经常性，习惯性的动作。We often go home on weekends.usually 往常、常常 As a child,I usually went swimming on Sundays in summer.seldom 很少 I seldom go to the cinema.ever 曾经 never 从不 I have ever heard of him,but I have never seen him.2）、very/pretty/much/too/so/enough/及that 的用法 very/pretty 表示非常，修饰形容词与副词的原级。He did it pretty well.I like English very much.much 可表示非常，修饰副词，也可作形容词，修饰名词，表示很多。too much 修饰名词，“太多”much too 修饰副词 I have no too much money to buy much too expensive a car.too 太 构成too.to do.太 而不能 The boy is too young to go to school by himself.rather too 很 ，相当 The problem is rather too difficult to work out.so 如此.So.that/so.as to do so a名词 如此一个 He is so good a teacher that we all like it.He studied so hard that he often took the first place.so many/much/few/little（少）形容词that There are so many deer that they have eaten up all the roses.enough 足够的 修饰形容词与副词放在后。The child is old enough to go to school by himself.that 表示程度，修饰形容词。I cant afford that expensive a car.3、also/too/either/yet/as well 表示也 also 用于be 的后面，实意动词的前面，助动词与实意动词之间。He is also a teacher.I also saw him yesterday.He has also finished his homework.too 用于肯定句末，与主句分开。He is a teacher,too.either 用于否定句末，与主句分开。I dont like fish,either.yet 用于完成时，常用于否定与疑问。也可与although 连用，表示 “转折”He hasnt turned up yet.Although it was raining hard,yet the workers kept on working at the worksite.as well 用于并列句中，常用于后一个分句的后面。He gave me a book,and he gave me a pen as well.可用as well as 连接两个并列的宾语。He gave me a book as well as a pen.4、so/neither/nor 的用法 a、so 助动词/情态动词主语 表示 也 常用于肯定句中。He is a teacher,so am I.You can speak English,so can he.b、so 主语助动词/情态动词 表示同意某人的意见或看法。表示“就是如此”-What fine weather today!-So it is.-He can do it well.-So he can c、so it is with sb 表示某人的各方面与另一个人都一样 -He is a good student,and he always helps others.-So it is with Wangling.d、neither/nor 助动词/情态动词主语，表示否定，“也不”He doesnt like fish,neither/nor do I.5、not a bit 与not a little 的用法 not a bit 一点也不 not a little 非常、很 -Do you like it?-Not a bit /Not a little.6 、quite、fairly、rather 的区别。quite 很，常修饰形容词和副词的原级。He is quite a good boy.This book is quite as interesting as that one.常可修饰a little/a few.There is quite a little water in the bottle.Quite a few students like the book.fairly 相当容易达到的事 The question is fairly easy to understand.rather 很 可与too连用。The problem is rather too difficult to work out.