标点符号在翻译中的应用.pdf

匚标点符号在翻译中的应用上诲道对翻译培训学院Shanghai Doc 为什么要学习标点符号？1 翻译中需要对原语言合句、分句，标点符号 也需进行调整。2、初学翻译者由于受原语言中标点符号的误导，写的句子缺乏近辑，要么一送到底，要么不 做任何调整。3、标点符号的不正确使用，会给读者带来很大 的理解上的困扰。4、专业、地道的写作和表达,标点符号的细节 问题不冬忽视，否则就是“门外汉”。2翻译中标点符号的两大误区中英翻译中英文一送到底。见符号翻符号，不做任何调整。3翻译中对标点符号的态度记住两句话:切忌眼高手低细节决定成败4咱们走着M!如果您不信，咱们来试试!找找错误5判断并找出下列句子中的标点符号错误1.Please fill in this blank with male/female.请在这个空格中填上男性/女性。请在这个空格中填上男性或是女性。2.我们这里出产棉花、大豆、小麦和玉米。Here we grow cotton soybeans,wheat and corn.Here we grow cotton,soybeans,wheat and corn.3.It was raining hard,they could not work in the fields.It was raining hard.They could not work in the fields.It was raining hard,so they could not work in the fields.It was raining hard/and they could not work in the fields.6判断并找出下列句子中的标点符号错误（续）4.I wonder how you will solve the problem?I wonder how you will solve the problem.5.Saturn was long thought to be the only ringed planet,however,this is now known not to be the case.Saturn was long thought to be the only ringed planet;however,this is now known not to be the case.Saturn was long thought to be the only ringed planet,but this is now known not to be the case.6.It is,however,usual to use a colon after a word,phrase or sentence in the middle of a text./7标点符号的用途应用在口语中，有助于语气的表达和判 新O应用在写作和翻译中，有助于表情达意。A错误的标点符号，会造成意思的误解。正确使用标点符号，让您的译文变得专业、规范、通顺。AI工8课程大纲 中文和英文中通用的标点符号 中文、英文标点符号的区别中文中有而英文中没有的五大标点符号A英文中有而中文中没有的三大标点符号 送号、句号、冒号和分号的经典用法 破折号和括号的使用9中文和英文通用的标点符号讨论问题：L中文和英文中哪些标点符号是通用的（叫法上）?2、对于这些通用的标点符号，在中文和美 文中表现形式均一样吗？哪些不一样？10中文和英文标点符号相同点中文和英文通用的标点符号符号说明中文形式英文形式句点Full stopO问号Question Mark27 感叹号Exclamation Mark1 1 逗点Comma9冒号Colon 分号Semicolon9破折号Dash括号Parentheses()0引号Quotation Marks好Okie备注：在翻译中打标点符号的时候，注意专 用英文的输入法输入标点符号，尤3俞入的标点应在当前语言的输入状态不 书是引号、括号和逗号俞入，避免在打中文的时候，1中文和英文中通用的标点符号讨论问题：A英文中有而中文中没有的三大标点符 号，并说明其具体的用法。中文中有而英文中没有的五大标点符 号，并说明其具体的用法。12中英文标点符号区别英语中有 汉语中没有英文形式在翻译中转换撇号或省字号Apostrophe不存在连字号Hyphen-不存在斜线号Virgule/不存在汉语中有 英语中没有不存在、顿号英文中变为英文下的逗点，不存在着重号英文中用斜体字或大写字母表示不存在间隔号英语中没有间隔5元/m2月 5 Yuan/m2/month不存在书名号英语用斜体或大写字母不存在专名号不常用省略号（Ellipsis 形式区别撤号或省字号Apostrophe（。a.b.c.表示名词或不定代词的所有格,翻译时常译为“的”，有时 可省嗪/last weeks news 上周（的）新闻/womens right 妇女（的）权利表示数字、符号，字母或词形本身的复教。可根据具体情况进 行不同的处理，使用双引号有助于表达请晰。He got five Cs in the final exams.他在期末考试中得了五个“C”。表示省喙了的字母、数学或单词。翻译时进行复原，将意思年 出来即可。I heard it at the butchers store.我是在内店听说这事的。Ive got it=I have got it.Id like to（在书面语中要写作I would like to 14连字号hyphen(-)a.用于复合词、词缄与词极之间，不必译出。b.用于两个比分或两个比赛对手之间，可根据情况使用冒 号，或译为“比”、“对”等。c.用于两地名、数学或时间之间，译为“至”或“到”d.用于单词移行，不必译出。e.用于拼词，可根据情况处理。15连字号hyphen f-J 第一种用法a.用于复合词，词级与词极之间，不必译出。例如:anti-seismic抗地震的Ex-husband 前夫；brand-new 全新的；poorly-dressed 衣着破烂的b.把连接符恰当地用在复合词中，起到整体修饰作用，让行文更简 洁、易怪。c.为避免产生仗义时，用连字号She re-covered the sofa=She put a new cover on the sofa1She recovered the sofa=She got the sofa back1.re-create 重新创作（用以区分recreate娱乐）Her son is ten years oldHer dress is light greenShe has a ten-year-old sonShes wearing a light-green dressShe/s wearing a light green dress16Hyphen在翻译中的话用阳春三月，我们中国大陆媒体代表团的一行10 人踏上太平洋彼岸的土地，利用一周的时间采 访了霍尼辛东过程控制部及其工厂。In March 2006,the 10people delegation of China Mainland media paid a one-week visit to Honeywell Process Solutions(HPS)as well as its plant.17连字号hyphen f-J 第二种用法b.用于两个比分或两个比赛对手之间，可根据情况使用 冒号，或译为“比”、“对”等。1)This is a America-China match.这是一场美国对中国的比赛。2)Our team defeated theirs by 3-0.我们队以三比零(或3：0J击败了他们的队。18连字号hyphen f-J-第三种用法C.用于教字One-quarterTwenty-three The Beijing-Shanghai express has just arrived.从北京到上诲的快车刚刚抵达。We can find the answer to the questions in pages 99-155.我们可以在第99页到155页中找到这些问题的答案。办公时间是9点至17 AoThe office hours are 9:00-17:00.19连字号hyphen f-J-第四种用法d.用于单词移行，不必泽出。移行的时候，注意在音节的分界处进行新开1)We were dismayed at having to listen to such inconse-quential remarks2)incons-equential remarks这样就不合理20连字号hyphen f-J 第五种用法e.用于拼词，可根据情况处理 My name is Ernest.E-r-n-e-s-t.Ernest.我的名字叫欧内斯特。E-r-n-e-s-t.欧内斯特。“梦”这个词怎么拼？D-r-e-a-mo”“How do you spell the word dream?Dream.21Dash破折号用法举例 In todays economy,maintaining efficiency-in regards to both operations and costs-is the common challenge facing industrial customers around the globe.Experion R300 also features embedded cyber security technology to help prevent denial of service attacks-a feature no other competitor offers.PHOENIX,June 29,2006-Honeywell(NYSE:HON)today announced a new service that will help pulp and paper companies reduce maintenance costs while keeping their quality-control equipment running smoothly.22Dash破折号的用法英文中破折号的形式 The dash(-)is the long horizontal bar,noticeably longer than a hyphen.A single hyphen=dash(British Usage);Two hyphens=dash(American Usage)Dashes come in pairs(one dash at the end or beginning of a sentence)破折号的用途 A pair of dashes separates a strong interruption from the rest of the sentence.representing ranges of numbers,and occasionally also other ranges23Dash表示数字范围 Representing ranges of number,occasionally other ranges.1.According to the site survey,the ground elevation is+2.78-+1.43./2.The length of the rope is 2.5-2.8m./3.We can find the answer to the questions in pages 99-155.我们可以在第99页到155页中找到这些问题的答嗓。4、办公时间是9点至17点。The office hours are 9:00-17:00.24判断下来句子是否正确并改正1.Steel contains from 0.1-1.7%carbon.X Steel contains from 0.1 to 1.7%carbon.V2.She was living in Rome from 1977-1983.X She was living in Rome from 1977 to 1983.v3.Steel contains between 0.1-1.7%carbon.X Steel contains between 0.1 and 1.7%carbon.4.Steel contains between 0.1 to 1.7%carbon.乂 Steel contains between 0.1 and 1.7%carbon.、25Dash经典错误一忌结正确的表达错误的表达from X to Yfrom X-Ybetween X and Ybetween X-Ybetween X to Y26斜线号Virgule(/)的用法a.分隔称换词。,希帝可泽为“或”。b.分隔并列词语,可以用汉语中的送号或顿号以 及并列连词进行翻译。c.用于缩略语,翻译时进行复原,将意思译出来。&用于数学组合中，翻译时按照汉语表达习惯处 理。e.用于度量衡或音标中，翻译时可照搬，或译成“每”o27斜线号Slash/Virgule(/)的第一种用法a.分隔称换词。常常可译为“或”。Please fill in this blank with male/female.请在这个空格中填上男性或是女性。You can use this pen to draw and/or write.你可以用这支邕写或是画，或是既写又画。28斜线号Virgule(/)的第二种用法b.分隔并列词语，可以用汉语中的运号或 顿号以及并列连词进行翻译。Please write down your name/sex/age.请写下你的姓名、性别和年龄。29斜线号Virgule(/)的第三种用法C.用于缩嚓语，翻译时进行复原，将意思 译出来。c/o(care of)由.转交h/w(husband and wife)夫妻30斜线号Virgule(/)的第四种用法d.用于数室组合中，翻译时接照汉语表达习惯处理。Tel:[phone]也话：23435654,234356551/3 三分之一 one-third4/5/2000美式美式2000年4月502000年5月4日April 5th,20004th May,200031斜线号Virgule(/)的第五种用法e.用于度量衡或音标中，翻译时可照搬，或泽成j 母 O30万公里/秒5000吨/年每秒30万公里每年5000吨32仅中文有而英文中没有的标点符号类型形式英文中转换为顿号运号,着重号斜体字或大写 字母表示同隔号英语中无需书名号英语用斜体或 大写字母33顿号、书名号的转换甲、乙、两、丁A,B,C and D原产地证书Certificate of Origin/CERTIFICATE OF ORIGIN Law of the Peoples Republic of China on Employment Contract中华人民共和国劳动合同法34找出下列译文中的标点符号错误1.I have been to a lot of places including Beijing,Shanghai,Jiujiang and Guangzhou etc.我去过很多地方，如：北京，上诲，九江，广州等。竟去过很多地方，如：北京、上诲、九江、广州等。2.建筑设计防火规范Code of design on building fire protection and preventionCode of Design on Building Fire Protection and Prevention3.Final Acceptance Certificate has to signed off by the Parties.双方需在最终验收证书上签字O双方需在最终验收证书上签字。35找出下列译文中的标点符号错误4.The contract is valued at$2.5 million and includes design,engineering,commissioning,testing and maintenance services.该合同包括设计，工程，调试，试验以及维护服务，合同总会额为250万美元。该合同包括设计、工程、调试、试验以及维护服务，合同总会额为250万美元。5.Town and Country Planning Act of the Peoples Republic of China has been carried into effect since 1 January,2008.“中华人民共和国城乡规划点”自2008年1月1日起越 行中华人民共和国城乡规划法4 2008年1月工日超越 行36找出冷文标或符号错误-Homework1.屋子里有一张床、一张索子、四把椅子There were a bed.a table,and four chairs.2.Liu will be responsible for the overall business in mainland China,Hong Kong,Macao and Taiwan.刘先生负责包括中国大陆,香落澳门及台湾的全盘业务。3.维克多雨果的作品对我国的影响很大。Victor-Hugos works have a great influence in our country.4.Tom Sawyer reminds millions of the adults of their childhood.汤姆-索亚使数以百万计的成年人忆起了他们的童年。5.Romeo and Juliet is one of the most touching plays written by William Shakespeare.罗密欧与朱丽叶”是威廉莎士比亚最令人感动的剧作之一。6.The Construction Company shall strictly implement Technical code for building pile foundations.施工单住应严格执行建筑桩基技术规范。7.The Seller shall issue Quality of Certificate in three originals.卖方应签署合格证书正本三份。8.SH 3017-1999石油化工生产建筑设计规范SH 3017-1999 Architectural code of petrochemical production design37找出对应的泽文中非翻译类错误答嗓1.屋子里有一张床、一张桌子、叫把椅子There were a bed,a table,and four chairsThere were a bed,a table and four chairs.2.Liu will be responsible for the overall business in mainland China,Hong Kong,Macao and Taiwan.刘先生负责包括中国大陆，香港，澳门及台湾的全盘业务。刘先生负责包括中国大陆、香港、澳门及台湾的全盘业务。3.维克多雨果的作品对式国的影响很大。Victor-Hugos works have a great influence in our country.Victor Hugos works have a great influence in our country4.Tom Sawyer reminds millions of the adults of their childhood.汤姆-奈亚使数以百万计的成年人忆起了他们的童年。汤姆泰亚使数以百万计的成年人忆起了他们的童年。38找出对应的译文中非翻译类错误-答案续5.Romeo and Juliet is one of the most touching plays written by William Shakespeare.“罗密欧与朱前叶”是威廉萨士比亚最令人感动的剧作之一。罗密欧与朱前叶是威廉勿士比亚最令人感动的剧作之一。6.The Construction Company shall strictly implement Technical Code for Building Pile Foundations.施工单住应产格执行建筑桩基技术规范。施工单优应严格执行京统桩基技术规范O7.The Seller shall issue Quality of Certificate in three originals.卖方应签署合格证书正本三份。8.SH 3017-1999石油化工生产建筑设计规范SH 3017-1999 Architectural code of petrochemical production designSH 3017-1999 Architectural Code of Petrochemical Production Design39中英文标点符号-区别英语中有 汉语中没有英文一形式中文在翻译中转换撇号或省字号 apostrophe不存在a.表示名词或不定代词的所有格b.表示数字、符号、字母或词形本身的复数 c表示省略了的字母、数字或单词连字号hyphen不存在a.用于复合词、词缀与词根之间，不必译出。b.用于两个比分或两个比赛对手之间，可根据情况使用冒号,或译为“比”、“对”等。；.疝于两地名、标字或时间之间，译为“至”或“到”d.用于单词移行，不必译出e.用于拼词，可根据情况处理斜线号virgule/不存在a.分隔替换词。常常可译为“或”。b.分隔并列词语，可以用汉语中的逗号或顿号以及并列连词进行翻译C.用于缩略语，翻译时进行复原，将意思译出来d.用于数字组合中，翻译时按照汉语表达习惯处理e.用于度量衡或音标中，翻译时可照搬，或译成“每”汉语中有 英语中没有不存在顿号英文中变为英文下的逗点，不存在着重号英文中用斜体字或大写字母表示不存在间隔号英语中没有间隔不存在书名号英语用斜体或大写字母不存在专名号不常用省略号(Ellipsis)形式区别.40Now lets take a break!141彻底体验标点符号在翻译中的 神奇魅力！142标点符合的细节活用（一、逗号的四大经典）二、句号的用法三、分号的用法四、冒号的用法五、引号的用法1 43I、运号的四大经典、列举列号 Listing Comma连接送号Joining Comma三、堵嚓运号Gapping Comma四、隔新运号Bracketing Comma44I.Listing Comma列举运号Z A、列举这号 Listing Commalisting comma is used as a kind of substitute for the word and,or sometimes for or.列 举类运号可以 用and,or标换。X,YandZ2.A small,fancy bike45I.Listing Comma列举运号1.列举内今X,YandZa.这里的X,Y和Z可以是并列的单词或词组或句子。Lisa speaks French,Juliet speaks Italian and I speak Spanish.b.运号用于列举中，至少有三个并列成分。1 like apples and oranges.1 like apples,pearls and oranges,c.决不可把送号用于过堆两个龛全独立的句子。杜绝X,Y表达占句子X.句子Y 句子X,and句子Y 健典需频错误！Lisa speaks French,Juliet speaks Italian.Lisa Speaks French.Juliet Speaks Italian.Lisa Speaks French,and Juliet Speaks Italian.46I.Listing Comma列举运号1.列举内今1.X,YandZ1.X,丫 and Z经典用法注意两点a.And前面无需加送号的情形There is a pen,a bag and three apples on my desk.b.And前面必须加运号的情形X,Y(A and B),and Z X,Y,and(C and D)My favorite opera composers are Verdi,Puccini,Mozart,and Gilbert and Sullivan.My favorite opera composers are Verdi,Puccini,Mozart,Gilbert and Sullivan.47And前面必须加送号的情形举例业务紧紧围绕劳务派逡，还包括人事代理，薪酬外包、人才招聘 和猾头、保安公司等项目OOur business mainly centers on labor dispatching,personnel agency,compensation outsourcing,personnel recruitment,headhunting and security company service,Our business mainly centers on labor dispatching,personnel agency,compensation outsourcing,personnel recruitment and headhunting,and security company service.Our business mainly centers on labor dispatching,personnel agency,compensation outsourcing,personnel recruitment and headhunting and security company service,48I.Listing Comma列举运号listing comma is used as a kind of substitute for the word and,or sometimes for or.列 举类退号可以 用and,or替换。.X,YandZ2.A small,fancy bike49I.Listing Comma列 举运号2.修饰名词2.A small,fancy bike经典用法注意两点a,运号在分隔若干个形衮词的时候，每个形衮词都在修饰同 名词Ob.运号可以用and标换时，意思不变，否则就不能用运号。也就是说我们在用退号隔开若干个形求词的时候,必须符合上述两 点规则,否则就是错误的。如：Her long,dark,glossy hair fascinated me.警告：不是所有的并列形衮词之间都可以用运号。50I.Listing Comma列 举运号2.修饰名词2.A small,fancy bike经典错误我最喜欢澳大利亚的红酒。I prefer Australian red wines to all others.I prefer Australian,red wines to all others.这里是否可以用逗号？*1.转换结果：I prefer Austrian and red wines to all others.（意思 完全变了）。2.形容词red是修饰名词wines,但是Austrian是修饰red wines,不是wines,两个形容词修饰的不是同一个名词。51I、运号的四大经典、列举这号 Listing Comma/A、连接运号Joining Comma三、堵嗪送号Gapping Comma四、隔断四号Bracketing Comma52II.Joining Comma 连接运号二、连接运号Joining Commai.与哪些连同翻和使用，表示连接Joining comma is used to join two complete sentences into a single sentence,and it must be followed by a suitable connecting word like and,or,but,while and yet.连接运号后面紧跟着 连接词and,or,but,while和yet用于把两 个独立的句子连诙一个句子。举例:It was raining hard,they could not work in the fields.It was raining hard,and they could not work in the fields.It was raining hard,so they could not work in the fields.It was raining hard.They could not work in the fields.53II.Joining Comma 连接运号二、连接运号Joining Comma2.与哪些连词r到词）不能翻配使用 The connecting words however,therefore,hence,consequently,nevertheless and thus cannot be used after a joining comma.前后是两个独立的句子的时候，连接词however,therefore,hence,consequently,nevertheless and thus 的前面不能用运号,改为分号。举*鱼I:1.It is,however,usual to use a colon after a word,phrase or sentence in the middle of a text.2.Saturn was long thought to be the only ringed planet;however,this is now known not to be the case.54您真的明白了吗?是不是还不明白词组、X,and(but,or,while,yet)Y独立句X,therefore(hence,consequently,nevertheless and thus)YX独立句X;therefore(hence,consequently,nevertheless and thus)YII.连接运号巩固：找出标点符号错误并改正1.Norway has applied to join the EC,Sweden is expected to do the same.2.Borg won his fifth straight Wimbledon title in 1980,the following year he lost in the final to McEnroe.3.Two members of the expedition were too ill to continue,nevertheless the others decided to press on.4.Liverpool are five points behind the leaders,therefore they must win both their remaining games.56II.连接运号巩固：找出标点符号错误并改正（答1.Norway has applied to join the EC,Sweden is expected to do the same.Norway has applied to join the EC.Sweden is expected to do the same.Norway has applied to join the EC,and Sweden is expected to do the same.2.Borg won his fifth straight Wimbledon title in 1980,the following year he lost in the final to McEnroe.Borg won his fifth straight Wimbledon title in 1980.The following year he lost in the final to McEnroe.Borg won his fifth straight Wimbledon title in 1980,and the following year he lost in the final to McEnroe.3.Two members of the expedition were too ill to continue,nevertheless the others decided to press on.Two members of the expedition were too ill to continue;nevertheless the others decided to press on.4.Liverpool are five points behind the leaders,therefore they must win both their remaining games.Liverpool are five points behind the leaders;therefore they must win both their remaining games.57运号的四大经典、列举这号 Listing Comma/A、连接送号Joining Comma三、堵嗪运号Gapping Comma四、隔断四号Bracketing Comma58III.Gapping Comma 省啧运号三、看嗪这号Gapping CommaGapping comma is used to show that one or more words have been left out when the missing words would simply repeat the words already used earlier in the same sentence.为避免重复说明上文中已有的词语，可以用疳略 运号,表明某些重复的词语已唉掉。59Gapping Comma举例 分析 Italy is famous for her composers and musicians.France is famous for her chefs and philosophers.Poland is famous for her mathematicians and logicians.Italy is famous for her composers and musicians,France,for her chefs and philosophers,and Poland,for her mathematicians and logicians.A,and前面的运号为连接运号 France和Poland后面省略了 is famous所以逗号隔开。若把该gapping comma拿掉，不影响意思的话，也可以去掉。不 是很严格。Italy is famous for her composers and musicians,France for her chefs and philosopher