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英语元音辅音字母及字母组合的发音
英语音标(48个)
元音音标(20)
单元音: i: i e æ ɔ ʌ u ə ɑ: ɔ: u: ə:
双元音: ei ai ɔi əu au iə eə uə
辅音音标(28)
清辅音:p t k ʧ f θ s ʃ ts h
浊辅音:b d g ʤ v ð z ʒ dz m n ŋ l r j w
元音字母:a e i o u
英语元音辅音发音规则表
辅音字母组合的发音
辅字组
读 音
例 词
b
[b]
bag bike bus blue
c
[k]
cake card
[s]
face decide cinema
d
[d]
desk dad day
f
[f]
fine five face off
g
[]
orange age
[g]
good bag go
[]
thank
h
[h]
hello hat hot hand
j
[]
jacket job June
k
[k]
key like bike
l
[l]
hello like lake
apple full bottle
m
[m]
morning name me
n
[n]
no nice in
p
[p]
map pen apple
r
[r]
Frank red
s
[s]
spell thanks six
[z]
please is nose
t
[t]
it what white ten
v
[v]
evening vest very
w
[w]
what we well
x
[ks]
box six
y
[j]
you yellow yes
z
[z]
zoo zero
sh
[]
English she ship
ch
[]
China chess chair
th
[θ]
thank three
[]
this that they
ck
[k]
black chick
ph
[f]
phone photo
wh
[w]
what white
[h]
who whose
tr
[tr]
tree
dr
[dr]
dress
ts
[ts]
what’s it’s cats
ds
[dz]
beds hands cards
qu
[kw]
quite quiet
注意:
1. c 在字母e,i,y前读/s/,如cell,cit'y,cyst;
其余情况下读/K/,如cat,club,code.
2. g 在字母e,i,y前读/ʤ/,如gene,gin,gym;
其余情况下读/g/,如beg, golf, game.
3. s 多数情况下读/s/,如six,desk,yes;
有时读/z/,如is,his,vis'it
一、辅音字母的读音规则
1、辅音字母b的读音:b 一般读作[b],例如:b但在climb中不发音。ag lab;
2、辅音字母c的读音:① c在e,i,y前读作[s],例如:place city Lucy;
但在delicious中读作[∫]。 ② c在其他情况下读作[k],例如: can clean music。
3、辅音字母d的读音:① d一般读作[d],例如:day bird;但在soldier中
读[d ]。② d在下列单词中不发音:Wednesday sandwich grandma。
4、辅音字母f的读音:f一般读作[f],例如:five knife;但在of中读[v]。
5、辅音字母g的读音:① g一般读作[ɡ],例如:g② g在e前ive egg guess。
读作[dV],例如:orange large bridge;但在get tiger 中读[ɡ]。③ g在foreign中不发音。
6、辅音字母h的读音:h一般读作[h],例如:how hello;但在hour中不发音。
7、辅音字母j的读音:j读作[dV],例如:jump Japanese。
8、辅音字母k的读音:k一般读作[k],例如:Kate week;但在knife know中不发音。
9、辅音字母l的读音:l一般读作[l],例如:please late;但在could would 中不发音。
10、 辅音字母m的读音:m读作[m],例如:meet summer。
11、 辅音字母n的读音:① n一般读作[n],例如:n② n在[k]、[^]ice under。
音前读作[?],例如:think English。③ n在autumn中不发音。
12、 辅音字母p的读音:p读作[p],例如:pea cheap。
13、 辅音字母q的读音:q ,u组合qu读作[kw],例如:question quarter;但在
queue中读作[k]。
14、 辅音字母r的读音:r在元音字母前读作[r],例如:read great。
15、 辅音字母s的读音:① s读作[s],例如:some sing sister。② s读作[z], 例如:rose visit his。③ s在 s∫]。④ s在 usually pleasure 中读uger sure 中读作[
作[V]。⑤ s在island 中不发音。
16、辅音字母t的读音:① t一般读作[t],例如:t② t在-tureea that write。
中读作[t∫],例如:picture temperature。③ t在-tion中读作[∫],例如:operation
dictionary;但在question中读作[t∫]。④ t在下列单词中不发音:listen Christmas。
17、辅音字母v的读音:v读作[v],例如:very leave。
18、辅音字母w的读音:w一般读作[w],例如:want wife;但在answer two write
中不发音。
19、辅音字母x的读音:x一般读作[ks],例如:box excuse;但在example exam
中读作[gz]。
20、辅音字母y的读音:y在词首读作[j],例如:yes young。
21、辅音字母z的读音:z一般读作[z],例如:zero zoo。
二、辅音字母组合的读音规则
1、辅音字母组合cc的读音:cc在e,i前一般读作[ks],例如:accident;但在soccer中读作[k]。
2、辅音字母组合ch的读音:① ch一般读作[t∫],例如:ch② ch在school Christmas中读作[k]。③ ch在machine中读作[∫]。④ ch在sandwich中读作[dV ]。ild lunch teacher。
3、辅音字母组合tch的读音:tch读作[t∫],例如:match catch。
4、辅音字母组合ck的读音:ck读作[k],例如:knock black。
5、辅音字母组合dr的读音:dr读作[dr],例如:drive hundred。
6、辅音字母组合d(e)s的读音:d(e)s读作[dz],例如:birds grades。
7、 辅音字母组合gh的读音:gh一般读作[f],例如:enough laugh。但在might daughter等词中不发音。
8、辅音字母组合kn的读音:kn读作[n],例如:knowledge knife。
9、 辅音字母组合ng的读音:① ng在词末读作[?],例如:song bring。② ng 在词中读作[?g],例如:English sronger;但在singer中读作[?]。
10、辅音字母组合ph的读音:ph读作[f],例如:photo telephone。
11、辅音字母组合sc的读音:sc读作[s],例如:science。
12、辅音字母组合sh的读音:sh读作[∫],例如:ship finish。
13、辅音字母组合th的读音:① th读作[θ],例如:think thank both。② th读作[ð],例如:they weather with。
14、辅音字母组合tr的读音:tr读作[tr],例如:tree trousers。
15、辅音字母组合t(e)s的读音:t(e)s读作[ts],例如:coats kites。
16、辅音字母组合wh的读音:① wh在o前读作[h],例如:wh② wh在其他情况下读作[w],例如:what which。owhose。
17、辅音字母组合wr的读音:wr读作[r],例如:write wrong。
元音字母在重读开音节中的读音
元音字母
读 音
例 词
a
[ei]
name game
e
[i:]
he she me
i
[ai]
fine like
o
[ou]
go home
u
[ju:][ u:]
use blue
元音字母在重读闭音节中的读音
元音字母
读 音
例 词
a
[æ]
Alice map black thank
e
[e]
bed let pen desk yes egg
i
[i]
is in it this sit six milk
o
[]
not box dog hot clock
u
[]
mum bus cup lunch
元音字母组合在重读闭音节中的读音
元音字母
组 合
读音
例词
ai ay
ei ey
[ei]
say day again play
eight they grey
al
[o:]
all ball talk wall
ea
[i:]
tea teacher please
ee
[i:]
green bee three
oa
[ou]
boat coat goat
oo
[ u:]
noon too moon food
[u]
good look book cook
ou
ow
[au]
mouth house about
how now brown down
oi oy
[oi]
boy toy noise
-r音节的读音
字母
读 音
例 词
ar
[α:]
are car far farmer
or
[:]
or for sport short
er
ir
ur
or(w前)
[:]
her certainly
girl bird first shirt
turn nurse
word worse
元音字母组合
位置
读音
例词
例外
ar
重读
[a:]
mark carve article party market March farm hard
在W后
[כ:]
warm warn reward war
非重读
[ə]
grammar
er
重读
[ə:]
service certain serve
非重读
[ə]
worker farmer teacher
or
重读
[כ:]
form important corner horse
在W后
[ə:]
work word world worth
非重读
[ə]
mirror doctor forbid forget
ur
重读
[ə:]
church Thursday nurse turn return
非重读
[ə]
surprise surround murmur
ir
重读
[ə:]
thirsty dirty first girl
a
ai
重读音节
[ei]
tailor remain grain sail praise raise brain
said [e]
非重读音节
[i]
captain
[ə]
certain
au
[כ:]
cause
aunt [a:]
al
[כ:]
walk ball all talk
half [a:]
alms [a:]
[כ:l]
always almost already although
aw
[כ:]
draw dawn saw
air
[eə]
fair affair hair upstairs
are
[eə]
dare glare share compare careful
are[a:]
augh
[כ:]
taught caught daughter naughty
laugh[a:f]
ay
重读音节
[ei]
delay play say way today
says [e]
非重读音节
[i]
Sunday Monday
e
ea
[i:]
repeat leaf lead peace disease cream
[e]
sweater thread headache heavy breakfast
特殊
[ei]
great greatly break
[iə]
real idea theatre
ee
[i:]
sleep freely weed steel degree
ear
[iə]
appear clear near hear dear ear
heart [a:]
[ə:]
heard learn earn early search
[eə]
wear bear swear pear
ei
[i]
receive seize ceiling
ew
[ju:]
few new news
sew[əu]
在[l],[r]后
[u:]
blew flew threw drew
ere
[eə]
there where
here [iə]
ey
重读音节
[ei]
grey hey obey
key [i:]
非重读音节
[i]
monkey donkey
eigh
[ei]
weight eight eighty
i
ie
[i:]
piece thief field chief
diet[aiə]
quiet[aiə]
[ai]
lie tie die
ire
[aiə]
wire inspire hire tire
igh
[ai]
right fight night high bright light
o
oa
[əu]
loaf road soap coat boat
broad[כ:] abroad[כ:]
oi
[כi]
voice noise point choice
oy
[כi]
toy boy joy joyful
oo
在其他字母前
[u:]
roof choose school shoot
wool[u]
foot[u]
在k,d 前
[u]
took look cook stood wood good
food[u:]
flood [۸]
blood [۸]
oor
[כ:]
floor door
poor[uə]
ou
[au]
pound rouse mountain trousers ground thousand
shoulder[əu]
soul[əu]
[۸]
couple cousin double country touch trouble
[u:]
route group routine soup
[u]
could should would
ough
[כ:]
fought bought brought thought
though[əu]
plough [au]
cough [כf]
through[u:]
thorough[ə]
enough [۸f]
ow
[au]
down brown flower
knowledge[כ]
[əu]
bowl sow window row owner low show throw grow
u
ure
重读音节
[uə]
sure surely
非重读音节
[ə:]
pleasure
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