2010年北京市中考英语试题（解析版）.doc

2010年北京市中考英语试卷（教师版）

听力理解
1．（1分）
【微点】听录音选图．
【思路】略
【解析】B
【点拨】略
2．（1分）
【微点】听录音选图．
【思路】略
【解析】2．A
【点拨】略
3．（1分）
【微点】听录音选图．
【思路】略
【解析】3．A
【点拨】略
4．（1分）
【微点】听录音选图．
【思路】略
【解析】4．C
【点拨】略
5．（2分）请听一段独白，完成第5至第6小题．
5．How's Kate feeling now？
A．Much better．B．Still sick．C．Even worse．
6．Which page will Kate read？
A．Page 15．B．Page 20．C．Page 25．
【微点】长对话理解．
【思路】略
【解析】5．A 6．C
【点拨】略
6．（2分）请听一段独白，完成第7至第8小题．
7．Where're the speakers？
A．In a school．B．In a hospital．C．In a shop．
8．What does the woman's son like？
A．Books．B．Music．C．Clothes．
【微点】长对话理解．
【思路】略
【解析】7．C 8．B
【点拨】略
7．（2分）请听一段独白，完成第9至第10小题．
9．Who wants to be a doctor？
A．Tom．B．Lisa．C．Sam．
10．What're the speakers mainly talking about？
A．Their jobs．B．Their families．C．Their friends．
【微点】长对话理解．
【思路】略
【解析】9．C 10．B
【点拨】略
8．（3分）请听一段独白，完成第11至第13小题．
11．What did the teacher do after Tim made trouble？
A．They always punished him．
B．They talked to his parents．
C．They often laughed at him．
12．Why did Tim lie down with his bike on top of him？
A．To get a new bike．
B．To make his mother angry．
C．To play a joke on his mother．
13．What's the conversation mainly about？
A．Tim's behavior as a little boy．
B．Tim's feeling for his school life．
C．Tim's attitude toward his mother．
【微点】长对话理解．
【思路】略
【解析】11．A 12．C 13．A
【点拨】略
9．（3分）请听一段独白，完成第14至第16小题．
14．What can you learn from the speaker's talk？
A．Indian movies are the same as Western movies．
B．Indian students like learning computer science．
C．India has twenty﹣two different national languages．
15．What are mentioned about India？
A．Movies，inventions and sports．
B．Languages，food and invention．
C．Weather，languages and movies．
16．What's Mark doing？
A．Giving some advice．
B．Offering an invitation．
C．Making an introduction．
【微点】长对话理解．
【思路】略
【解析】14．B 15．B 16．C
【点拨】略
10．（4分）听对话，根据所听到的对话内容和提示词语，记录关键信息．对话读两遍．（共8分，每小题2分）

【微点】短文理解．
【思路】略
【解析】17．Peter 18．football 19．kind 20．seven
【点拨】略
四、单项填空（共15分，每小题1分）从下列各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择可以填入空白处的最佳选项．
11．（1分）Tom and Mike are good friends．_______ often help each other．（　　）
A．They B．Them C．Their D．Theirs
【微点】代词辨析．
【思路】汤姆和迈克是好朋友．他们经常相互帮助．
【解析】答案：A；该题考查人称代词的用法．They他们；主格形式；Them他们，宾格形式；Their他们的，形容词性物主代词；Theirs他们的；名词性物主代词；根据句意"汤姆和迈克是好朋友"推测"他们经常相互帮助"．后面的句子缺少主语，应该用人称代词的主格，人称代词的主格用I/he/she/it/they．这里是复数应该用they．故选A．
【点拨】对句意作出正确判断，分析出所填内容在句中做的成分，根据语法要求选择正确答案．．
12．（1分）Some volunteers from Beijing arrived in Shanghai ________ April 29 to work for the World Expo．（　　）
A．on B．at C．of D．to
【微点】时间介词．
【思路】一些来自北京的志愿者在4月29日抵达上海，为世博会服务．
【解析】答案：A 联系汉语意思，根据April 29可知，此处时间是几月几号，根据已有的知识储备可知，这是一个具体的时间．又知时间介词in后常接不具体时间，如年、月；on后常接具体时间，如几月几日，星期；at后常接时刻，如几点几分．所以此处应用on．故选A．
【点拨】此题考查时间介词的用法．做题时，联系汉语意思，抓住时间词，再根据已有的对时间介词的储备，得出准确答案．
13．（1分）The reading room ________ very quiet．I enjoy reading books there．（　　）
A．am B．is C．are D．be
【微点】系动词．
【思路】阅览室很安静．我喜欢在那里看书．
【解析】答案：B；该题考查主谓一致．根据句中的主语The reading room是单数，可知谓语动词要用单数is．故选B．
【点拨】根据句中信息正确理解句意，对所缺的系动词作出正确分析，从而作出正确解答．
14．（1分）﹣______ schoolbag is this？
﹣I guess it's Lily's．（　　）
A．Which B．Whose C．What D．Who
【微点】疑问代词．
【思路】﹣这是谁的书包？﹣我猜它是莉莉的．
【解析】答案：B．根据关键词Lily's可知，问句是问这是谁的书包，which，哪一个；whose，谁的；what，什么；who，谁；故选B．
【点拨】本题考查疑问代词的用法，解决此类问题的关键是根据标志词和提示词来确定疑问代词，在不同的语言环境中达到熟练掌握的目的．
15．（1分）﹣Which color do you like ________，blue or green？
﹣Blue．（　　）
A．good B．better C．best D．the best
【微点】形容词的比较级和最高级．
【思路】﹣﹣你更喜欢哪种颜色，蓝色还是绿色？
﹣﹣蓝色．
【解析】答案：B 根据blue or green可知，这属于两者比较，所以此处应用比较级．又知good意为好的，是形容词原级；better意为更好的，是good的比较级；best/the best意为最好的，是good的最高级．所以此处应用better．故选B．
【点拨】此题考查比较级的用法．做题时，抓住题干中的关键细节，判断所需级别，两者比较用比较级，三者以上最高级，无比较用原级；再分析选项的含义及用法，得出准确答案．
16．（1分）There is ________ wrong with this computer．It doesn't work well．（　　）
A．something B．anything C．everything D．nothing
【微点】不定代词．
【思路】这台电脑有些问题，它不能很好的工作．
【解析】答案A something一点儿，一些；anything任何；everything一切；nothing没有．根据后文it doesn't work well它不能很好的工作，可知前文是说电脑有一些问题，表肯定．故答案选A．
【点拨】解答本题需考生掌握各个代词的意思，再根据语境选择正确选项．
17．（1分）﹣________ you turn down your radio，please？
﹣Yes，I can．（　　）
A．May B．Need C．Must D．Can
【微点】情态动词．
【思路】﹣﹣能把收音机声音调小点吗？
﹣﹣是的，我能．
【解析】答案：D．根据Yes，I can，可知上面的问句应该是一个一般疑问句，这里回答用了can，那么问句也应该是can引导的．故选D．
【点拨】本题考查了情态动词的用法．解答时注意根据答语来选择问句的引导词．
18．（1分）﹣Would you like to go to the concert with me？
﹣I'd love to，________ I'm afraid I have no time．（　　）
A．so B．or C．and D．but
【微点】连词辨析．
【思路】﹣你愿意和我一起去听音乐会吗？
﹣我愿意，但是我害怕我没有时间．
【解析】答案：D；so于是；or或者；and和；but但是；根据答语"I'd love to我愿意"和"I'm afraid I have no time我害怕我没有时间"可知二者之间数转折关系；故用but；故选D．
【点拨】连词在中考中涉及到的很多，平时学习过程中，掌握连词的意思，及所表示的关系是至关重要的，这种关系的判断可以通过句子意思的理解来选择恰到的连词．
19．（1分）﹣What's your father doing now？
﹣He ______ the room（　　）
A．cleaned B．cleans
C．has cleaned D．is cleaning
【微点】现在进行时．
【思路】翻译：你爸爸现在在做什么？他在打扫房间．
【解析】答案：D．根据语境：问句中有now，所以该用的是现在进行时，现在进行时陈述句的构成：主语+be+动词ing+其它，故选D．
【点拨】本题主要考查的是现在正在发生的动作该用现在进行时．
20．（1分）Tom will call me as soon as he ________ home．（　　）
A．gets B．has got C．got D．will get
【微点】时态辨析．
【思路】Tom一到家就会给我打电话．
【解析】答案：A 根据as soon as（一…就…）可知，这是条件状语从句，遵循主将从现原则，所以此处应用一般现在时．又知gets是一般现在时；has got是现在完成时；got是一般过去时；will get是一般将来时．所以此处应用gets．故选A．
【点拨】此题考查一般现在时．做题时，抓住关键信息，分析句式用法，最终判断所需时态，然后分析各个选项，得出答案．
21．（1分）Granny often tells us _______ water in our daily life．（　　）
A．save B．saving C．to save D．saves
【微点】不定式．
【思路】翻译：奶奶经常告诉我们在我们的日常生活中节约用水．
【解析】答案：C 根据语境可知tell sb．to do sth．是固定词组固定搭配，表示告诉某人去做某事．所以用to save，故选：C
【点拨】本题考查不定式．指由to加上动词原形（而且只能是动词原形）所构成的一种非限定性动词，但在有些情况下to可以省略．动词不定式在语法功能上可作主语、宾语、宾语补足语、表语、定语和状语．
22．（1分）Rose came to Beijing in 2002．She _______ here for eight years．（　　）
A．was living B．live C．will live D．has lived
【微点】现在完成时．
【思路】Rose在2002年来北京，她已经住在这儿八年了．
【解析】答案：D．根据关键词for eight years可知，本句是现在完成时态，for和since是现在完成时态的标志词，其构成为：has/have+过去分词，主语she是第三人称单数形式，所以助动词用has，live的过去分词为lived，故选D．
【点拨】解决此类问题的关键是根据关键词和时间状语来确定动词的时态，在不同的语言环境中达到熟练掌握的目的．
23．（1分）It _______ heavily when I left the cinema．（　　）
A．rains B．will rain
C．is raining D．was raining
【微点】过去进行时．
【思路】翻译：当我离开电影院时雨下得很大．
【解析】答案：D．结合语境可知：我离开电影院，用的是过去时，雨下得很大，指的是我离开电影院那时雨正在下得很大，因此应该用过去进行时，过去进行时的构成：主语+was/were+动词ing+其它，故选D．
【点拨】本句主要考查的是过去某时正在进行的动作用过去进行时．
24．（1分）The road ________ last year．（　　）
A．builds B．built C．was built D．is built
【微点】一般过去时的被动语态．
【思路】这条马路是去年建成的．
【解析】答案：C 根据last year可知，这是表示过去的时间状语，所以运用一般过去时态；又因为主语the road是动词build的承受者，应该用被动语态．一般过去时态的被动语态的构成是：was/were+动词的过去分词，主语是单数，所以用助动词用was，故选C．
【点拨】判断动词的时态，要通过所给的时间状语或语境去判断动词存在的状态；判断动词的语态，要看看主语是谓语动词的执行者还是承受者．此题注意过去分词的写法．
25．（1分）﹣Do you know _______ the Capital Museum？
﹣Next Friday．（　　）
A．when will they visit B．when they will visit
C．when did they visit D．when they visited
【微点】宾语从句．
【思路】翻译：﹣﹣你知道他们什么时候将要参观首都博物馆吗？﹣﹣下周五．
【解析】本题考查宾语从句，宾语从句需采用陈述语序，A、C是疑问语序排除；根据答语Next Friday可知是将来时，排除D．所以选B
【点拨】本题考查宾语从句，做此类题时，首先看从句是否采用了陈述语序；其次根据上下句判读时态．
五、完形填空（共12分，每小题12分）阅读下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择最佳选项．
26．（12分）It was yearbook day and we were given an hour to sign each other's yearbooks in the cafeteria．I was president of the class and I played sports．When I sat down at a table，people started to come over to get their yearbooks signed and to sign （36）　A　．
Among them，a weak boy with ugly teeth and thick glasses kept shaking．I had seen him around，and I knew he was always laughed at．He seemed （37）　B　 of himself，and was so pale that it （38）　D　 us to look at him．

He came up and asked me nervously，"Can you sign this？"I took his yearbook but I didn't know （39）　D　 to write．I saw that there was the name "Ricky Sanders" written on the front of it．So I wrote：
I put down the yearbook and turned around to get some signatures from some of my friends when I （40）　B　 my yearbook was gone．I saw that Ricky had sat down with my yearbook．"What are you doing？"I asked him．He looked up calmly（平静地） and （41）　D　said "Sign!"
My friends broke into a loud laugh，and I saw that he was carefully frying to put a signature in my yearbook．He hadn't even finished the "R" yet．I thought for a while and（42）　A　 to let him sign．
It took him nearly five minutes to sign and when I got my yearbook back，there was a very shaky "RICKY"．He hugged（紧抱） his yearbook and （43）　A　．I couldn't help but smile back at him．
In that moment，my （44）　C　 changed completely．
I gave him a high five and suddenly everyone at my table wanted his signature．He was asked politely to write in their yearbooks and the signature （45）　B　 of his yearbook were filled up．He was smiling so big that it lit up the whole room．
I changed school the next year，and I never saw Ricky again．However，I will never forget the day that he became the most （46）　C　 guy in school．Whenever I'm （47）　D　，I still look back at that yearbook．

36．A．mine
B．his
C．ours
D．theirs
37．A．unafraid
B．unsure
C．proud
D．tired
38．A．worried
B．surprised
C．taught
D．hurt
39．A．how
B．which
C．where
D．what
40．A．saw
B．noticed
C．thought
D．believed
41．A．still
B．ever
C．even
D．just
42．decided
B．meant
C．began
D．prepared
43．A．smiled
B．waited
C．left
D．rose
44．A．sense
B．value
C．attitude
D．idea
45．A．lists
B．pages
C．boxes
D．tables
46．A．different
B．patient
C．popular
D．important
47．A．away
B．out
C．behind
D．down
【微点】说明文．
【思路】那天是写年鉴的日子，我们有一个小时的时间在咖啡厅为彼此写下留言．我是班上的负责人，又是名运动员．所以我一坐在桌边就有人过来跟我相互签名．在这些人当中，有一个有气无力的男生一直在发抖，他牙齿参差不齐，还戴着厚厚的镜片．我曾见过他，知道他总是被当作嘲笑对象．他看上去毫无自信，面色惨白得简直让人看不下去．
他走上前来并十分紧张地开口"能帮我签一下这个吗？"我接过他的年鉴本却不知道该写些什么．最后在顶端看到他的名字"瑞奇 桑德拉"，于是我提笔：
我觉得你真的很不错，希望你有一个乐趣丰富的暑期之旅
签名：威尔
当我放下他的年鉴预备找其他朋友给我签名的时候，却找不到我的了．随后我就看到瑞奇正拿着我的年鉴本坐在一边，我问他"你干嘛？"他抬起头十分镇定地回答"签名！"
我的朋友们顿时爆发出一阵狂笑．我看着他小心翼翼地试图在我的年鉴本上写下一个签名，他甚至连第一笔都还没写出来．但我想了想还是决定让他签完．
将近过了五分钟，他才签完名．当我拿回我的年鉴本时，只看见上面一个扭扭曲曲的"瑞奇"．他搂着他的年鉴本微笑着，我情不自禁地也朝他微笑了．
就在那一刻，我对他的态度产生了360度的转变．
在我与他击掌的瞬间，桌子前的每个人都拥过去找他要签名．大家伙儿十分有礼貌地纷纷邀请他在自己的年鉴本上留言，而他年鉴本的签名页上也被大家签满了．他的笑容是那样的愉悦，整个房间都因此变得明媚．
一年之后我就转学了，也再没见到过瑞奇．但是我永不会忘记那天他成为了全校最受欢迎的同学．也一直到现在，每当我觉得低落之时都会再翻开那本年鉴看看．
【解析】36．A 代词考查．结合When I sat down at a table，people started to come over to get their yearbooks signed and to sign 可知是拿着过来找我签名，故用mine，故答案是A．
37．B 形容词考查．结合I knew he was always laughed at可知总是被嘲笑，故可知是不够自信unsure，故选B．
38．D 形容词考查．结合 was so pale that it （38）us to look at him是表达是如此的苍白，我们都看不下去，故hurt受伤，故答案是D．
39．D 疑问词考查．结合I took his yearbook but I didn't know 可知是不知道写什么，know后加疑问句+to do 结构，故what什么，故答案是D．
40．B 动词考查．结合my yearbook was gone可知是注意到我的不见了，故notice注意，故答案是B．
41．D 副词考查．结合He looked up calmly（平静地） and （41）said "Sign!"只是平静的说"签名"，故just只是，故选D．
42．A 动词考查．结合下文It took him nearly five minutes to sign and when I got my yearbook back可知他签名了，可知作者决定让他签名了，故decide决定，故答案是
43．A 动词考查．结合I couldn't help but smile back at him．可知是微笑smile，故选A．
44．C 名词考查．结合上下文 gave him a high five and suddenly everyone at my table wanted his signature可知这里是说态度转变了，故attitude态度，故选C．
45．B 名词考查．跳过空格推知句意是说年鉴的页面都是签名，故pages页面，故答案是B．
46．C 形容词考查．结合上文He was asked politely to write in their yearbooks and the signature pages of his yearbook were filled up．He was smiling so big that it lit up the whole room．可知他是受欢迎的，故popular受欢迎的，故选C．
47．D 短语考查．跳过跳过空格推知句意是说I still look back at that yearbook当我情绪低落的时候，故down心情不好，故选D．
【点拨】通览全文，领会大意，揣摩话题．解题时应先跳过空格通览全文，了解对话大意，根据对大意的把握，判定语境，揣摩话题．
六、阅读下列短文，根据短文内容，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择最佳选项．（共26分，每小题6分）
27．（6分）Here are two letters to George and his replies．

48．Alice is worrying about　B　．
A．her friends
B．her marks
C．her height
D her weight
49．Bob should　A　 according to George's letter．
A．take more exercise
B．talk to his friends
C．join a basketball team
D．learn some French．
50．George advises Alice to talk to　B　 for help．
A．her mother
B．her teacher
C．Bob's teacher
D．Bob's friends．
【微点】教育文化类阅读．
【思路】这篇短文主要是鲍勃和爱丽丝给乔治写信请求乔治的帮助以及乔治分别给他们的回信．
【解析】B．推理判断题．根据第三封信I'm learning French but I don't get good marks．I don't know why．描述可知，Alice正在学法语，但他取得不了好成绩．故选B．
A．细节理解题．根据第二封信Plan your meals with your mum，and she can help you lose weight．Also，try to take more exercise．描述可知和你的妈妈计划计划你的饭，她能帮你减肥，你也努力多做锻炼．故选 A．
50：B．细节理解题．根据第四封信可知，You can talk to your teacher and ask her what you should do to get a better grade．你可以和你的老师谈谈，询问他应该如何取得更好的成绩．故选B．
【点拨】本文是一篇日常生活类阅读，题目涉及多道细节理解题，做题时结合原文和题目有针对 性找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案．推理判断也是要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确的答案．
28．（6分）The population of the Earth is growing faster．It is important that we look after the Earth．We need it!
The Earth gives us a lot of things．We also give the Earth a lot，but some of the things are not good．
In nature，when something dies，other animals and plants get food from it．Every animal or plant gives food for other animals or plants．However，animals can't get food from many of the things that we‘give' the Earth．Animals and plants can't eat metal，plastic and glass．These things will stay in the ground for many，many years．
Some rubbish is very dangerous for plants and animals．In some places，many animals live together．One animal makes food for many more animals．If we put rubbish and chemicals in the water，the plankton（浮游生物） can die．If there isn't any plankton，many animals have nothing to eat．
So what can we do？Don't leave any rubbish in the countryside! Don't make so much rubbish!

51．The Earth gives us　A　．
A．food
B．rubbish
C．chemicals
D．pollution
52．When something dies in nature，　C　．
A．water and grass are polluted
B．plastic and wood become food
C．other animals and plants get food
D．metal and glass stay in the ground
53．We must　D　 to look after the Earth．
A．put metal in the ground
B．use more wood
C．keep frogs in the water
D．make less rubbish

【微点】史地常识类阅读．
【思路】地球的人口增长速度越来越快，因此我们照顾好地球就变得非常重要，因为我们需要它．
地球给了我们很多东西．我们也给了地球很多东西，但是有些东西并不是有益的．
在自然界，一些东西死亡，其他动植物会从中获取食物，每个动植物都给予其他动植物食物，然而，动物们不能从我们给地球的东西中获取食物，动植物不能吃金属，塑料和玻璃．这些东西将在地里存在非常长的时间．
一些垃圾对于动植物是非常危险的，在一些地方动物生活在一起，某种动物为其他动植物提供食物．如果我们释放垃圾和化学品到水中，浮游生物会死亡．而如果没有了浮游生物，许多动物将死于饥饿．
那么我们要怎么做？不要再野外丢弃任何垃圾！不要制造那么多垃圾！
【解析】51．A 52．C 53．D
A 根据The Earth gives us a lot of things．及下文描述，可知地球为我们提供食物，故选A．
C 根据In nature，when something dies，other animals and plants get food from it．描述，可知选C．
D 根据So what can we do？Don't leave any rubbish in the countryside! Don't make so much rubbish!描述，可知我们应该少产生废物，故选D．
【点拨】首先要仔细阅读短文，掌握大意，然后结合具体的题目，再读短文找出相关的信息，就可以确定正确答案．
29．（6分）Many textbooks are not written in the kind of English that we speak every day．In fact，sometimes the reading is so difficult that it almost seems like a foreign language．In a way，it is﹣the language of science．You should not expect to be able to read a difficult science passage the same way you read an interesting story； you should not expect to read it easily and all at once．Instead，you may have to read it several times through，catching on the meaning of difficult words，going back over difficult sentences，and finally putting the whole thing together．Do not be discourages if the whole passage don't make sense to you at first．You need to pick it apart patiently until you can understand it．
These are the steps to follow when you are reading something difficult：
1．Start to read normally until you run into a sentence that doesn't make sense to you．
2．When a sentence doesn't make sense，go back and read it again more slowly．
3．Look for any word you don't know in the sentence．Try to understand their meanings using word parts and c