浙江省嘉兴市2021年中考英语试题（解析版）.doc

2021年浙江省初中毕业生学业水平考试（嘉兴卷）
英语试题卷
考生须知：
1.本试题卷分卷一（选择题）和卷二(非选择题）两部分。请考生使用规定用笔，将所有试题的答案涂、写在答题纸上。做在试题卷上无效。
2.全卷共8页,6大题。满分为90分。考试时间为100分钟。温馨提示:答题前请仔细阅读答题纸上的 “注意事项”。
卷一
说明:本卷共有两大题，30小题，满分45分。
一、完形填空(本题有15小题，每小题1分，共计15分)
阅读下面短文，然后从各题所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。

Last August we were on vacation at Diana’s Baths, a place famous for waterfalls.
Sitting on the rocks with my husband, I watched some parents ___1___ guarding their kids away from the rocks edges. I felt glad that our 8-year-old son Wyatt could ___2___ himself. Don’t get me wrong: I still felt ___3___ as I saw my boy jump between the rocks. “No running,” I said from time to time. “Stay away from the edges.” But I soon ___4___, and we were all having fun in the water.
___5___, I saw Wyatt sit down between two rocks in the running water. I shouted at him to get out. He shouted back something and then he ___6___ over the edge.
“Somebody help my son!” I ___7___, over and over. But I only heard a woman scream. “That ___8___ just went over the waterfall!” she shouted at her husband. “We are leaving!” They walked away, not even looking back to see whether our child was OK.
By the time ___9___ climbed down to the rocks below, my husband had pulled Wyatt out of the water with the help of a young woman. She was ___10___ first aid. “I’m Lisa, a nurse. I’m not leaving you.” She looked at me ___11___, as if she were trying to take every bit of energy, ___12___ and strength(力量) in her body and pass it on to me. I held on to that energy like a rope that could pull us to ___13___.
Wyatt was taken to the hospital immediately. ___14___ we spent a sleepless night there, we were told Wyatt was going to be OK.
Meeting Lisa has reminded(提醒) me how we need ___15___ from people we don’t know. I know we are two strangers who are less strange.
1. A. nervously B. carelessly C. excitedly D. hopefully
2. A. talk to B. cheer for C. learn from D. look after
3. A. lonely B. proud C. worried D. satisfied
4. A. left B. relaxed C. shared D. returned
5. A. Suddenly B. Finally C. Slowly D. Recently
6. A. looked B. came C. rose D. disappeared
7. A. suggested B. thought C. replied D. cried
8. A. girl B. boy C. man D. woman
9. A. I B. she C. you D. they
10. A. teaching B. learning C. giving D. receiving
11. A. secretly B. happily C. deeply D. strangely
12. A. success B. health C. value D. love
13. A. truth B. safety C. memory D. silence
14. A. If B. Unless C. After D. Before
15. A. help B. advice C. sense D. experience
【答案】1. A 2. D 3. C 4. B 5. A 6. D 7. D 8. B 9. A 10. C 11. C 12. D 13. B 14. C 15. A
【解析】
【分析】本文主要讲述我儿子掉到水里，得到好心人帮助的故事。
【1题详解】
句意：我和丈夫坐在岩石上，看着一些父母紧张地保护他们的孩子远离岩石边缘。
nervously紧张地；carelessly粗心地；excitedly激动地；hopefully有希望地。根据“I watched some parents...guarding their kids away from the rocks edges”可知，此处指一些父母紧张地保护他们的孩子，害怕他们的孩子落水。故选A。
【2题详解】
句意：我很高兴我们8岁的儿子怀亚特能照顾自己。
talk to交谈；cheer for欢呼；learn from向……学习；look after照顾。根据“I watched some parents...guarding their kids away from the rocks edges”以及“I felt glad that...”可知，因为我的儿子可以照顾自己，我不用像其他父母一样保护他感到很开心。故选D。
【3题详解】
句意：当我看到我的儿子在岩石之间跳的时候，我仍然感到担心。
lonely孤单的；proud自豪的；worried担心的；satisfied满意的。根据“as I saw my boy jump between the rocks”以及“No running...”可知，我因为儿子在岩石之间跳感到很担心。故选C。
【4题详解】
句意：但我很快就放松了，我们都在水里玩得很开心。
left离开；relaxed放松；shared分享；returned返回。根据“and we were all having fun in the water”可知，此处表示我很快就放松下来了。故选B。
【5题详解】
句意：突然，我看到怀亚特坐在两块石头之间的流水里。
Suddenly突然；Finally最后；Slowly慢慢地；Recently最近。根据“and we were all having fun in the water”以及“I saw Wyatt sit down between two rocks in the running water”可知，事情发生得很突然。故选A。
【6题详解】
句意：他大声说了些什么，然后从边缘消失了。
looked看；came来；rose升起；disappeared消失。根据“Somebody help my son!”可知，儿子从岩石边缘掉进水里消失了。故选D。
【7题详解】
句意：“谁来帮帮我儿子！”我哭了，一遍又一遍。
suggested建议；thought思考；replied回答；cried哭。根据“Somebody help my son!”可知，我因为担心儿子所以哭了。故选D。
【8题详解】
句意：那个男孩刚刚跳过瀑布！
girl女孩；boy男孩；man男人；woman女人。根据“I felt glad that our 8-year-old son...”可知，此处指的是我八岁的儿子。故选B。
【9题详解】
句意：当我爬到下面的岩石上时，我丈夫已经在一个年轻女子的帮助下把怀亚特从水里拉了出来。
I我；she她；you你；they他们。根据“By the time ... climbed down to the rocks below, my husband had pulled Wyatt out of the water with the help of a young woman.”可知，此处指我爬到岩石上。故选A。
【10题详解】
句意：她在进行急救。”我叫丽莎，护士。我不会离开你的。”
teaching教；learning学习；giving给；receiving得到。根据“I’m Lisa, a nurse.”可知，护士正在进行急救。故选C。
【11题详解】
句意：她深深地望着我，仿佛她正试图把身体里的每一点能量、爱和力量都传递给我。
secretly神秘地；happily开心地；deeply深深地；strangely奇怪地。根据“as if she were trying to take every bit of energy...and strength(力量) in her body and pass it on to me”可知，她深深地看着我，想把力量传递给我。故选C。
【12题详解】
句意：她深深地望着我，仿佛她正试图把身体里的每一点能量、爱和力量都传递给我。
success成功；health健康；value价值；love爱。根据“as if she were trying to take every bit of energy...and strength in her body and pass it on to me”可知，此处表示她正试图把身体里的每一点能量、爱和力量都传递给我，让我放心。故选D。
【13题详解】
句意：我像抓住一根绳子一样抓住了那股能量，可以把我们拉到安全的地方。
truth真相；safety安全；memory记忆；silence沉默。根据“I held on to that energy like a rope that could pull us to...”可知，儿子落水我感到不安，丽萨的力量可以让我们觉得安心，感到安全。故选B。
【14题详解】
句意：在那里度过了一个不眠之夜之后，我们被告知怀亚特会没事的。
If如果；Unless除非；After之后；Before之前。根据“we spent a sleepless night there, we were told Wyatt was going to be OK”可知，此处表示在过了一夜之后，儿子没事了。故选C。
【15题详解】
句意：与丽莎的相遇提醒了我，我们需要陌生人的帮助。
help帮助；advice建议；sense感觉；experience经验。阅读全文可知，儿子落水后，我们得到了丽萨的帮助。故选A。
二、阅读理解(本题有15小题，每小题2分，共计30分)
阅读下面四篇材料，然后从各题所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。
A
Takeover Day
Want to be a football coach, a policeman or a musician? If you could do any job for a day, what would it be? Takeover Day offers young people this chance.
Takeover Day is an event for young people to “take over” the day from adults(成年人). Of course, it’s difficult to give someone the job of a film star or a model！However, Takeover Day has offered young people jobs as news reporters, teachers and even politicians(政客).
The event serves two purposes. First, it gives young people experience in different kinds of jobs. Second, adults can learn from young people’s opinions and fresh ideas.
Here’s what the students say about their Takeover Day.
Simon, 16, went to Coventry Football Club. He became coach of the football team for a day: “Having a go at training professional players was an unforgettable experience,” said Simon. “If I had the chance, I would do this job every day.”
Sally, 15, became the head teacher of her school. “I’d go mad if I were a head teacher!” she said. “So many meetings!” Sally thinks she learned a lot. “My favorite part of the day was meeting the school cook and improving the school menus for the week. It was a great chance to tell her what we really like eating!”
Paul, 17, spent the day with an important politician. He even went to a meeting at Buckingham Palace! Paul thought that if everyone had the chance to follow a politician for a day, they’d be amazed. “It isn’t a nine-to-five job. It’s 24/7,” he said “We even had no time for lunch.”

16. What may Simon choose to be in the future?
A. A model. B. A politician. C. A head teacher. D. A football coach.
17. What do Sally and Paul probably think of their Takeover Day?
A. Busy but exciting. B. Peaceful but tiring. C. Amazing and relaxing. D. Easy and unforgettable.
18. Takeover Day is set up for young people to ________.
A. spread ideas B. become famous C. know more about jobs D. work for their schools
【答案】16. D 17. A 18. C
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了什么是“一日职业体验”以及一日职业体验后几位学生的感想。
【16题详解】
推理判断题。根据原文“If I had the chance, I would do this job every day”可知，西蒙的一日职业体验做的是足球队教练，他很喜欢这份工作，所以他以后可能会想成为一位足球教练。故选D。
【17题详解】
推理判断题。根据原文“So many meetings! … It was a great chance to tell her what we really like eating! … It isn’t a nine-to-five job. It’s 24/7”可知，两人的一日职业体验是忙碌但兴奋的。故选A。
【18题详解】
细节理解题。根据原文“First, it gives young people experience in different kinds of jobs”可知，一日职业体验设立的目的是为了让年轻人了解更多有关职业的一些情况。故选C。
B
Ludwick Marishane, a South African, was with his friends in Limpopo when they started talking about inventing something to put on your skin(皮肤) so you don’t have to take a bath. Ludwick thought that this was a great idea. He did some research on the Internet, and he found some surprising facts.
About 2,500,000,000 people around the world haven’t got clean water. This is a huge problem because dirty water can create illnesses. One of them’ is trachoma: 8,000,000 people all over the world get trachoma every year. They wash their faces with dirty water, get ill and go blind. To stop trachoma, people don’t have to receive expensive medical care. They have to wash their faces with clean water. That’s it.
Ludwick started thinking. He wanted to make something to help people in parts of the world where it’s difficult to find clean water. He did more research on the Internet, and he did more thinking. Ludwick had a plan. He wanted to make a gel（凝胶）for people to put on their skin, so they don’t have to take a bath. When he was at university, he never stopped thinking about his invention. He started to talk to other people about it, and three years later the dream came true. He made the gel and called it “Dry Bath”.
Ludwick is the winner of lots of prizes. People call him “one of the brightest young men in the world”. He is happy about his success. Dry Bath is helping people to be healthy. And Dry Bath also helps to save water. That’s important in many parts of the world, where it’s difficult to find clean water. Now he wants to invent other things and also wants to help other young people to become inventors.
19. Trachoma is a kind of illness that may make people ________.
A. feel hungry B. feel thirsty C. become blind D. become sleepy
20. Ludwick invented the gel “Dry Bath” to ________.
A. treat people with skin trouble B. make dirty water become clean
C. show people how to be an inventor D. help people without cnough clean water
21. Which word best describes Ludwick according to the passage?
A. Creative. B. Brave. C. Honest. D. Humorous.
22. What can we learn from Ludwick’s experience?
A. Luck is very important in achieving success.
B. People can succeed by sticking to their dreams.
C. Young peoplc can casily come up with new idcas.
D. Going to university can make young people smarter.
【答案】19. C 20. D 21. A 22. B
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。非洲少年Ludwick Marishane发明了一种凝胶，使人们实现了不用水也可以洗澡，从而帮助缺乏干净水的地区的人们预防疾病。
【19题详解】
细节理解题。根据文中“One of them’ is trachoma: 8,000,000 people all over the world get trachoma every year. They wash their faces with dirty water, get ill and go blind.”可知，沙眼是一种可以致盲的疾病。故选C。
【20题详解】
细节理解题。根据文中“He wanted to make something to help people in parts of the world where it’s difficult to find clean water.”可知，Ludwick发明了“干洗浴”凝胶，来帮助没有足够清洁水的人。故选D。
【21题详解】
推理判断题。根据课文内容可知，非洲少年Ludwick Marishane发明了一种凝胶，使人们实现了不用水也可以洗澡，从而帮助缺乏干净水的地区的人们预防疾病。故根据文章，“创造性”最能形容Ludwick。故选A。
【22题详解】
推理判断题。根据文中“Ludwick had a plan. He wanted to make a gel（凝胶）for people to put on their skin, so they don’t have to take a bath. When he was at university, he never stopped thinking about his invention. He started to talk to other people about it, and three years later the dream came true. He made the gel and called it “Dry Bath”.”可推理出，人们只要坚持自己的梦想就能成功。故选B。
C
The natural world is colorful with humans, plants and animals showing different colors.
Human skin can be many different colors and it changes with the sun, our feelings or our health for example. This is because of pigments(色素), which reflect light and make what the eye sees as colors. So, when we feel excited or angry, our heart can send more blood to the face and the pigments in the skin become red. This is why we have the expression that someone “sees red” when they are angry.
Plants also have pigments. Color is important for them to live on. The bright colors of flowers catch the attention of insects(昆虫), which then carry their pollen(花粉) from one flower to another. Bees can see colors we cannot, and they follow these to the inside of the flower. Without bees visiting flowers in this way, many plants would die out.
Animals also use color for their own need. They protect themselves with different colors so as not to be seen by predators. The snowshoe hare for example, a type of wild rabbit, changes color with seasons for this reason. During summer it is a brown color, and in winter it is white so that it can hide in the snow. However, some animals use color as a warning to make predators stay away. Bright colors such as yellow and red are often used in this way. Nature, however, is very clever, and predators also use colors to attract(吸引) the animals they feed on.
So, we can see that there may be many different reasons and uses for colors in the natural world. Some uses of color in nature remain unknown, but one thing is for sure, color not only makes our planet beautiful but it is also necessary for our planet to live on.
23. Paragraph 2 mainly tells us that ________ is/are the cause that makes human skin change color.
A. feelings B. pigments C. blood D. sunshine
24. According to Paragraph 3, plants can use ________ to attract insects.
A. leaves B. fruits C. pollen D. color
25. The underlined word “predators” in Paragraph 4 refers to animals which ________.
A. hide in secret places B. kill other animals for food
C. change color with the sun D. protect themselves from danger
26. What is the main purpose of the passage?
A. To describe animals’ ways of life. B. To encourage us to study color in nature.
C. To introduce the uses of colors for life on earth. D. To explain the importance of protecting our planet.
【答案】23. B 24. D 25. B 26. C
【解析】
【分析】自然界中有不同的颜色，这些颜色不仅使我们的星球美丽，在自然界中，颜色有许多不同的原因和用途，它是我们的星球生存的必要。
【23题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“This is because of pigments(色素), which reflect light and make what the eye sees as colors.”可知，人的皮肤可以有很多不同的颜色，这是因为色素反射光线，使眼睛看到的东西变成了颜色。故选B。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“The bright colors of flowers catch the attention of insects(昆虫), which then carry their pollen(花粉) from one flower to another.”可知，植物用花朵鲜艳的颜色吸引昆虫。故选D。
【25题详解】
词义猜测题。根据语境“They protect themselves with different colors so as not to be seen by predators.”可知，动物用不同的颜色保护自己，由此可推知predators指的是“以某种动物为食的动物”，B选项“杀死其他动物作为食物”符合语境，故选B。
【26题详解】
推理判断题。短文第一段介绍自然界中有各种各样的颜色，第二、三、四段分别介绍了人类、植物和动物对颜色的使用；最后一段总结了颜色在自然界中的重要性。C选项“介绍颜色对地球上生命的作用”符合文意，故选C。
D
You may study differently from your friends, but your study habits are not wrong!
Kelly and Maria are best friends with a lot in common. They love doing things together, such as going to movies and concerts, shopping, or just sitting at a small cafe. Since they take a lot of the same school subjects, they would love to study together, but they find this impossible. Their working styles are so completely different that they can’t be in the same room while they are studying!
Kelly would like to study in a clean, open space, while Maria works best with books, papers and other things around her. Kelly prefers to study in a totally silent room, but Maria loves to play music or even have the TV on. Kelly can sit for hours without moving, and often gets all her homework done in one sitting. Maria, however, is always getting up, and says that she thinks best when she’s on the move.
You might b