2023年湖南省常德市中考英语真题（解析版）.docx

湖南省常德市2023年初中学业水平考试英语
(满分100分, 考试时间90分钟)
第I卷
第一部分 阅读技能 (共20小题; 每小题2分, 满分40分)
阅读下面的材料, 从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中, 选出最佳选项回答问题。
A
Many injuries (伤害) happen suddenly. For example, if you fall off a bicycle and break your arm, it happens very quickly. But computer injuries happen slowly.
Your eyes
Too much light can injure your eyes, so never sit too close to a computer screen. Your eyes should be at least 50 centimeters from the screen. Remember to look away from it sometimes. This gives your eyes a rest.
When you use a computer, the window should be on your left or your right. If it is behind you, the light will reflect (反射) on the screen. If the windows are in front of you, the sun and the screen will both shine into your eyes.
________
Hand and wrist (手腕) injuries can happen because the hands and wrists are moved in the same way hundreds of times. If you use a keyboard for a long time, follow these three rules:
(1) Rest your wrists on something.
(2) Keep your elbows at the same height as the keyboard.
(3) Stop sometimes and exercise your hands, wrists and fingers in a different way.
Your back
Some people sit for many hours in front of a computer. If you sit in a wrong way, you can injure your back or your neck. So you should sit with your back straight. The top part of the screen should be in front of your eyes. Your forearms, wrists and hands should all be parallel (平行) to the floor. If you are sitting for a long time, get up every 30 minutes and exercise your arms, legs and neck.
Enjoy your computer, but use it safely.

1. Which kind of injuries may happen slowly?
A. You use your computer correctly.
B. You fall off a bicycle and break your arm.
C. You sit in a wrong way for many hours in front of a computer.
2. How far should you keep your eyes from the screen?
A. At least 30 cm. B. At least 50 cm. C. At least 70 cm.
3. Which can best be for “________”?
A. Your hands and wrists. B. Your head and neck. C. Your legs and feet.
4. What does the writer tell us in the passage?
A. You’d better not use the computer.
B. Enjoy your computer, but use it safely.
C. Keep away from the computer to be safe.
【答案】1. C 2. B 3. A 4. B
【解析】
【导语】本文主要介绍了电脑对我们的身体会有一定的伤害，我们应该通过正确的方式来养成合理使用电脑的习惯。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据“But computer injuries happen slowly.”可知，电脑伤害发生得很慢。故选C。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Your eyes should be at least 50 centimeters from the screen.”可知，你的眼睛应该离屏幕至少50厘米。故选B。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据“Hand and wrist (手腕) injuries can happen because the hands and wrists are moved in the same way hundreds of times.”可知，此处介绍手和手腕可能会受伤，故选A。
【4题详解】
主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了电脑对我们的身体会有一定的伤害，我们应该通过正确的方式来养成合理使用电脑的习惯。故选B。

B

Irwin Corey was a famous American film actor. But today, the story you will read is not about his achievements in film but about his begging (乞讨) life.
He became a beggar once and often walked in the streets of Manhattan. He wore old and broken clothes. He was very thin and seemed to be weak, looking like a poor homeless old man.
________ He only asked for some change from passing drivers, and then he gave the driver a free copy of the newspaper he bought. Each time he asked for money, he was always smiling and also told jokes to the drivers. The drivers thought him kind and humorous, so they never let him go empty-handed.
Although all the money he begged was coins, he still made lots of money at the end of the day. Irwin Corey had been begging for money for many years. However, he didn’t spend any of the money he had asked for. Every time the money was up to a certain amount (量), he donated it to a charity which bought medical supplies for Cuban children. For 17 years, he donated all his hard-earned money to the charity.
He was not short of money. He lived in a $ 3.5 million big house. He was not a beggar, either. “On the one hand, I just want to help people in need. On the other hand, begging can make me feel not lonely, as my wife had passed away,” he said.
5. What is the story about?
A. Irwin’s achievements in films. B. Irwin’s begging life. C. Irwin’s poor life.
6. Which can best take the place of “________” in the third paragraph?
A. He begged for money in a special way.
B. He thought the drivers were rich.
C. He was a successful film star.
7. What did the drivers think of Irwin Corey?
A. Friendly but lonely. B. Kind and famous. C. Kind and humorous.
8. What can we learn from the passage?
A. Irwin was actually rich.
B. Irwin was a poor homeless old man.
C. Irwin donated all his money to charity.
【答案】5. B 6. A 7. C 8. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲了演员Irwin Corey“乞讨”做慈善的故事。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据“But today, the story you will read is not about his achievements in film but about his begging (乞讨) life.”可知，故事不是关于他在电影上的成就，而是关于他的乞讨生活。故选B。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据“He only asked for some change from passing drivers, and then he gave the driver a free copy of the newspaper he bought. Each time he asked for money, he was always smiling and also told jokes to the drivers.”可知，他只是向路过的司机要了些零钱，然后给了司机一份他买的免费报纸。每次要钱的时候，他总是面带微笑，还会给司机讲笑话。所以他的乞讨方式很特殊，故选A。
【7题详解】
细节理解题。根据“The drivers thought him kind and humorous, so they never let him go empty-handed.”可知，他非常友好和幽默。故选C。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可知，Irwin Corey实际上很富有。故选A。
C

Toys and games are fun, but inventing them is serious business. Big toy companies treat it even more serious, because the more toys they sell, the more money they make. They have adults who do nothing but think up new toys. Sometimes they even work in locked rooms so no one can steal their ideas!
But not every new toy is invented that way. Some of the best inventions are made by kids. Thirteen-year-old Casey loved to play golf. He invented a way to make the game more fun. He invented a new golf tee (球座). It is called the Bio tees. Most golf tees are made from wood, but Casey’s tee is made out of recycled paper. It does not harm the environment. Casey started his own company to make his new tee. He’s already had orders for millions of them.
Jessica invented a toy when she was only eight. Jessica likes to jump rope. She jumps alone and she jumps with friends. To jump alone, you need a short rope. With friends, you need a long rope. So Jessica invented a new kind of jump rope. The length of Jessica’s jump rope can be modified (调整). It can be made long to jump with friends. Or it can be made short to jump alone. When you finish jumping, you can even turn the jump rope into a belt. Now Jessica has a business to sell her jump ropes.
Do you have a great idea for a new invention? Give your idea a try. It may become the next Bio tee or latest jump ropes.
9. Why do some adults work in locked rooms when they think up new toys?
A. To keep their ideas from being stolen.
B. To invent more toys.
C. To make more money.
10. What is Casey’s golf tee made out of?
A. Wood. B. Gold. C. Recycled paper.
11. How old was Jessica when she invented the new kind of jump rope?
A. 13. B. 10. C. 8.
12. Whom may the writer call on to try ideas for new inventions?
A. Teachers. B. Kids. C. Parents.
【答案】9. A 10. C 11. C 12. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了很多玩具的设计创造来自于孩子们。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Sometimes they even work in locked rooms so no one can steal their ideas!”可知大型玩具公司的工人有时会在锁着的房间里工作，以确保他们的想法不会被窃取。故选A。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Most golf tees are made from wood, but Casey’s tee is made out of recycled paper.”可知，大多数高尔夫球座是用木头做的，但凯西的球座是用再生纸做的。故选C。
【11题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Jessica invented a toy when she was only eight.”可知，杰西卡八岁时发明了一个玩具。故选C。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。根据“ Some of the best inventions are made by kids.”和“Do you have a great idea for a new invention? Give your idea a try. It may become the next Bio tee or latest jump ropes.”可知，文章是鼓励孩子们进行发明创造，故选B。
D
Indoor and outdoor gardening has become more and more popular. It helps us build a stronger connection (连接) with nature and makes us feel more relaxed.
Gardening is reported to be good for the environment and wildlife. Gardens offer a home to wildlife. They also act as passages for nature, allowing wildlife to move from one place to the next. ________ One study found that gardening for 30 minutes can be compared with playing badminton, volleyball or practicing yoga.
Gardening can improve your mood in lots of ways. If you feel nervous or worried, looking after plants can help to keep your mind on something else. Watching a seed (种子) grow into a healthy plant can make you feel happy and satisfied. According to a study, people who garden 2-3 times a week have a 6.6% higher happiness score and 4.2% lower stress level compared to people who don’t garden at all.
Gardening is a great way to connect with nature and people. When you are new to a place, you can get to know your neighbors by sharing fruit or vegetables you grow with them. And it is an easy way to start conversations and show how friendly you are. You could also find friends with the same hobby in the gardening club. If there’s no club, start your own gardening club and invite your friends to join you.
Why not get some fresh air and try to grow something right now?
13. What does the underlined word “passages” in Paragraph 2 mean?
A. 文章 B. 家园 C. 通道
14. Which of the following can be put in the “________”?
A. It is friendly to them.
B. It’s also great for your health.
C. It makes a big difference to our life.
15. According to the study, how do people feel when they garden 2-3 times a week?
A. More pleased. B. More stressed. C. Less relaxed.
16. How can you easily connect with your neighbors when you are new to a place?
A. By sharing fruit or vegetables you grow.
B. By inviting them to join a club.
C. By growing something.
【答案】13. C 14. B 15. A 16. A
【解析】
【导语】本文主要介绍了进行园艺活动的好处。
【13题详解】
词句猜测题。分析“They also act as passages for nature, allowing wildlife to move from one place to the next.”可知，它们允许野生动物从一个地方移动到另一个地方，所以是自然的通道。故选C。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据“One study found that gardening for 30 minutes can be compared with playing badminton, volleyball or practicing yoga.”可知，一项研究发现，30分钟的园艺活动可以与打羽毛球、排球或练习瑜伽相提并论。选项B“这对你的健康也有好处”符合语境，故选B。
【15题详解】
细节理解题。根据“According to a study, people who garden 2-3 times a week have a 6.6% higher happiness score and 4.2% lower stress level compared to people who don’t garden at all.”可知，根据一项研究，每周园艺2-3次的人比那些根本不园艺的人幸福指数高6.6%，压力水平低4.2%。故选A。
【16题详解】
细节理解题。根据“When you are new to a place, you can get to know your neighbors by sharing fruit or vegetables you grow with them.”可知，当你刚到一个地方时，你可以通过与邻居分享你种植的水果或蔬菜来了解他们。故选A。
E
Are you sometimes a little tired and sleepy in the early afternoon? Many people feel this way after lunch. They may think that eating lunch is the cause of the sleepiness. Or, in summer, they may think it is the heat. However, the real reason lies inside their bodies. At that time, about eight hours after you wake up, your body temperature goes down. This is what makes you slow down and feel sleepy.
In many parts of the world, people take naps (打盹) in the middle of the day. This is especially true in warmer weather, in which the heat makes work difficult in the early afternoon.
Researchers are now saying that naps are good for everyone in any weather. A daily nap gives one a more rested body and mind, which is good for health in general. In countries where naps are traditional, people don’t often have problems such as heart disease.
Many working people, unluckily, have no time to take naps. Though doctors may advise taking naps, employers (老板) do not allow it! If you do have the chance, however, here are a few tips about making the most of your nap. Remember that the best time to take a nap is about eight hours after you get up. A short sleep too late in the day may only make you feel more tired and sleepy afterwards. If you do not have enough time, try a short nap—even ten minutes of sleep can be helpful.
17. Why do you sometimes feel sleepy in the early afternoon?
A. It’s very hot in summer.
B. You eat too much for lunch.
C. Your body temperature goes down at that time.
18. What does the underlined word “This” mean in the second paragraph?
A. The heat makes work difficult in the early afternoon.
B. Naps are good for everyone in any weather.
C. People take naps in the middle of the day.
19. According to the passage what’s the best time to take a nap if you get up at 6 a. m.?
A. At 11 a. m. B. At 2 p. m. C. At 4 p. m.
20. What would be the best title for the passage?
A. All Need a Nap B. Just For a Rest C. A Special Sleep
【答案】17. C 18. C 19. B 20. A
【解析】
【导语】本文主要介绍为什么人们在午后容易打瞌睡，建议大家适当休息一下，有益于身体健康。
【17题详解】
细节理解题。根据“At that time, about eight hours after you wake up, your body temperature goes down. This is what makes you slow down and feel sleepy.”可知，大约在你醒来8小时后，你的体温会下降，这就是让你慢下来并感到困倦的原因。故选C。
【18题详解】
代词指代题。分析“In many parts of the world, people take naps (打盹) in the middle of the day. This is especially true in warmer weather, in which the heat makes work difficult in the early afternoon.”可知，在世界上许多地方，人们在中午打盹。在温暖的天气里尤其如此，炎热的天气使下午早些时候的工作变得困难。此处“This”指的是“人们在中午打盹”，故选C。
【19题详解】
推理判断题。根据“Remember that the best time to take a nap is about eight hours after you get up.”可知，小睡的最佳时间是起床后8小时左右。所以如果早上6点起床，那么下午2点是小睡的最佳时间，故选B。
【20题详解】
最佳标题题。本文主要介绍为什么人们在午后容易打瞌睡，建议大家适当休息一下，有益于身体健康。选项A“都需要小睡一下”符合主题，故选A。
第二部分 知识运用 (共两节, 满分30分)
第一节 完形填空 (共15小题; 每小题1分, 满分15分)
阅读下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后从短文后各题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
I used to be shy and my first day at the new school made me look silly in front of the class. The ____21____ sent me to the blackboard to write my name and address. I knew my name and address, ____22____ how to spell them, knew how to write them, ____23____ standing at the blackboard with the eyes of the many girls and boys looking at me made me nervous. I was ____24____ to write a single (单个的) letter.
“Write down your name,” the teacher said to me. I lifted the white chalk to the ____25____. As I was about to write my name, my mind went ____26____. I could not remember my name, not even the ____27____ letter. “Just forget about us and write your name and address,” said the teacher. I wanted to write but my hand ____28____ to move. The children began to whisper (低声说). “Don’t you know your name?” asked the teacher. I looked at her and could not answer. The teacher stood up and walked to my side, ____29____ me to give me confidence. She put her hand softly ____30____ my shoulder and asked, “What’s your name?”
“Richard Wright,” I whispered. And then I ____31____ my name very quickly.
“Now, can you write?”
“Yes, madam.”
____32____, I turned to the blackboard. I wrote my name and address down ____33____ and correctly. “Good boy. You may go to ____34____ seat,” said the teacher.
Today I can still remember my teacher’s words and ____35____. They meant a lot to me.
21. A. teacher B. monitor C. student
22. A. forgot B. knew C. remembered
23. A. and B. but C. or
24. A. silly B. ready C. unable
25. A. blackboard B. desk C. notebook
26. A. calm B. clear C. empty
27. A. first B. second C. last
28. A. started B. refused C. wanted