人教版-八年级下册英语-unit6单词详解.doc

6、化学变化伴随的现象有改变颜色、发光发热、产生气体、产生沉淀物。1、放大镜为什么能放大物体的图像呢？我们注意到它的特点了吗？（P3）6、你还知道哪些环境问题？它们都对地球造成了哪些影响？4、如何借助大熊座找到北极星？（P58）7、我们每个人应该怎样保护身边的环境？11、月食：当地球转到月球和太阳的中间，太阳、地球、月球大致排成一条直线时，地球就会挡住太阳射向月球的光，这时在地球上的人就只能看到月球的一部分或全部看不到，于是就发生了月食。8、地球自转一周的时间是一天；地球公转一周的时间是一年；月球公转一周的时间是农历一个月。2、昆虫种类繁多，分布很广，它们有着和其他动物不同的身体构造和本领。17、近年来，我国积极推广“无车日”活动，以节约能源和保护环境。科学家也正在研制太阳能汽车和燃料电池汽车，减少对空气的污染。二、问答：Unit 6 单词详解1. once upon a time 从前eg.Once upon a time, the centepede and cock are good friends. 从前，蜈蚣和公鸡是好朋友。 Once upon a time, there was a king. 从前，有一个国王。 2. shoot v.(shot)射击；发射eg.He shot the bird with gun.他用枪打鸟。Shoot at .向.射击，（仅表示对准目标射击，是否命中或有否打死，不得而知） He shot at a bird,but missed it.他向一只鸟开枪，但是没打中。3. begin v.开始 现在分词：beginning 过去式：began eg.When did you begin learning English? 你何时开始学英语的? The party will begin at 8 p.m. 聚会将在晚上八点开始。固定结构：begin to do sth开始做某事 begin dong sth开始做某事 begin with sth begin by doing sth 以做某事开始 to begin with 首先，在开始 at the begining of sth某事的开端 Eg. at the begining of the storyclass在故事上课开始时begin to do something 和beging doing something都有表示开始干什么事情的意思, 但所示也有不同。 begin doing something特别指很强烈的持续性.比如:Eg. He began smoking three years ago(他三年前开始抽烟)既开始养成习惯 begin to do something 表示一件事情的开端,持续与否不重用. 比如:Eg. Its beginning to rain, we had better hurry home(下雨了,我们快回家吧)4. god n.神；上帝;被极度崇敬的人物;Eg. He believes in God. 他信奉上帝。 Oh my God, he shot somebody. 我的天哪！他开枪打人了。 5. remind v.提醒；使想起(1) remind（vt.） 使(人)想起,使记起 remind sb.of sb.sth.使想到某人或某物 He reminds me of my childhood. 他使我想起了我的童年。 remind sb.that+从句 使人想起 The clock reminded me that I was late.看到钟使我想起我晚了.(2) remind（vt.） 提醒 remind sb.of sth.提醒某人某物； Be sure to remind her of the meeting .务必提醒她要参加会议. remind sb.to do sth.提醒某人做某事 Please remind me to post the letter.请提醒我寄那封信.6.a bit, a little与a little bit用法a bit 、 a little和a little bit 在肯定句中修饰动词、形容词、副词及其比较级，可以换用，表示“一点儿”。After a days work, Im a bit/a little tired. 工作一天之后，我有点儿累。Its a little bit cold.今天有点冷。7.silly adj. 愚蠢的，傻的, 可笑的，荒唐的Eg. It is a silly idea. 这是个愚蠢的想法 do silly things 做傻事8.instead、instead of 代替；反而instead意为“代替”“替代”,作副词用,通常位于句尾.如位于句首时常用逗号与后面隔开.instead of为介词短语，它后面可跟名词、代词、动名词、介词短语或形容词等Eg. He is tired. Let me go instead.他累了，让我代他去吧。 Lily isnt here.Ask Lucy instead. Lily不在这儿,去问Lucy吧. she didnt answer me,instead,she asked me another question.她没有回答我,反而问了我另外一个问题. =He asked me another question instead of answering me. Well ask Li Mei instead of Mary.我们将去问李梅而不问玛丽. Ill go instead of her. 我会替她去.=She wont go.Ill go instead.9.magic n.魔术；魔法; 巫术; 戏法; adj.有魔力的； Eg. Some people still believe in magic.有些人仍然相信魔法。 magic adj. 有魔法的，有魔力的 magical adj. 神奇的，无法解释的 magician n. 魔术师10.birth b: n.出生；分娩; 出身; 起源 give birth to sb./sth. 生孩子，产仔Eg. She gave birth to a fine healthy baby.她生了一个健康漂亮的婴儿。 The dog gave birth to 4 puppies.那条狗产了4条小狗。born v.出生；诞生 be born 出生（常用过去时态）Eg. Tom was born in China on February 12，1999 1999年2月12日汤姆生于中国。 He was born in a workers family. 他出生在一个工人家庭。11.stick n.棍,棒,杖;手杖Eg. Grandpa walks with a stick. 爷爷拄着拐杖走路。12.hide v.隐藏；隐蔽 过去式为：hidhidEg. Where did you hide it? 你把它藏到哪里去了? He hid the letter in a drawer.他把信藏在抽屉里。13. tail n.尾；尾巴 (可数名词) Eg. The catisplaying withitstail.猫在玩弄自己的尾巴。14. turninto 把.变成Eg. His face turned into red.他的脸红了。 Turn ice into water.把冰变成水。15.Western adj.西方的；西部的；Eg. America is awesterncountry.美国是一个西方国家。16.weak adj.柔弱的，虚弱的; 无力的，软弱的; Eg. She is still weak after her long illness. 久病之后她仍很虚弱. He was weak in math, but good at English. 他数学差,但英语好.17.stepsister n.继姐（妹） Stepmother n.继母，后母; Stepfather n. 继父18.prince n.王子Eg. The prince and Snow White got married. 王子和白雪公主结婚了。19.fit v.适合；合身Eg. This coat doesnt fit me. 这件大衣我穿不合身。 The book fits for children.这种书适合儿童阅读。20. couple n. 两人；(一)对;(一)双 ;夫妇;几个,三两个Eg. They are a nice couple.他们是美好的一对。 The young couple decided to go on their tour. 那对年轻夫妇决定去旅游。 a couple of days/weeks 几天/周a couple of 后面是跟可数名词复数形式表“一对,两,一双”.作主语时，谓语动词侧重整体时是用单数；侧重个体是用复数。Eg. The couple is going to Shanghai next week .这对夫妇下周要去上海.（强调这对夫妇整体） The couple are always arguing.邻居的夫妇总吵架。（强调这对夫妇两个人，故视为复数）21. smile n./v.笑、笑容; 微笑Eg. She smiled and said,“How are you getting on ”她微笑着说：“你近来过得好吗?” She smiled at me. 她向我微笑。 22. marry v.娶；嫁；结婚；和.结婚 过去式为：married 短语：be /get married 结婚 marry sb表示嫁给某人；娶.; 与.结婚. Eg. John married Mary last week.上星期约翰和玛丽结婚了. He married a pretty girl. 他娶了个漂亮的姑娘。 They got married last year. 他们去年结的婚。 When did she get married? 她何时结的婚？ She got married in 1993. 她1993年结的婚。23. object n.物体；物品Eg .Different objects are on the table.桌子上放着不同的物体。24.gold n.金，黄金; 金色; 金币; 金饰品 adj.金（制）的，含金的; 金色的; 辨析：gold, golden 这两个形容词都可译为“金的”。其区别是：gold表示“金的”“金色的”,指真金,而golden表示“似金的”“金黄色的”,并非真金。例如: Mrs. Smith bought a gold watch.史密斯夫人买了一块金表。 She had golden hair and blue eyes.她金发碧眼。 This watch is gold. 这块表是金的。25.emperor n. 国王（若表示“某某皇帝”, emperor前要加定冠词,首字母要大写。） Eg. the Emperors New Clothes皇帝的新装24. underwear n.内衣Eg. Socks and underwear, I took a lot. 袜子和内衣裤，我当时带了很多25. Silk n.丝绸；丝织物26. stupid adj.愚蠢的 形容词比较级stupider 最高级stupidest Eg. How can you be so stupid? 你怎么会那么傻?27. cheat v.欺骗；蒙骗 Eg. cheat in exams 考试作弊 He cheated the old man.28. wife n.妻子；太太 复数形式：wives waivs; Eg. He kissed his wife and children good-bye.他吻别他的妻子和孩子。29. husband n.丈夫 复数形式：husbands30. whole adj.全部的；整体的 (whole一般位于冠词、所有格或别的限定词之后)Eg. the whole time 整个时间 the whole class 整个班级 my whole life 我的一生31. scene n.（戏剧或歌剧的）场；场景 ; 景色, 风景Eg. on the scene 在场；出现；到场 night scene 夜景32. stone n.石头33. shine v.发光；发亮；照耀 过去式：shoneEg. The moon is shining.月光照耀。 Clean the glasses until they shine. 把眼镜擦亮.34. as soon as 一就；(连接时间状语从句，如主句一般将来时，从句用一般现在时)Eg. I will tell him the news as soon as he comes back。 他一回来我就告诉他。 Ill write you as soon as I get there. 我一到那儿就给你来信。 As soon as he finishes his classwork,he runs out of the class.他一做完课堂作业,就跑出了教室. As soon as I got to the bus stop, the bus started.他一到车站，车就出发了。35. ground n.地；地面Eg. on the ground 在地上36. lead v.(led) 带路, 领路, 指引 Eg. Ill lead; you must follow me.我带路, 你一定得跟着我。lead sb. to s.p.(某地)， Eg. I led him to the station. 我带他到了车站 All roads lead to Rome条条道路通罗马。lead to 导致.;引起.Eg Eating too much sugar can lead to health problem.食用过多的糖会引起健康问题。37. voice n.声音 (“嗓音,说话声,歌唱声”,主要指人的声音,包括说话、唱歌或笑声) Sound n.声音 (泛指,自然界各种各样的声音) noise n.噪音Eg. I know her by her voice. 我凭声音知道是她。38. inside adv. 在里面 反义词：outside 在外面Eg. There was nothing inside.里面没有东西。We have to play inside because it is raining outside. 因为下雨，我们不得不在屋里玩。DO you like to stay outside or inside?你是想待在外面还是里面？39. brave adj.勇敢的；无畏的Eg. I think you are very brave.我认为你非常勇敢。 He is a brave soldier.他是一个勇敢的士兵。 She was brave enough to go there alone.她足够勇敢能独自去那里。