1、八年级下册译林版完整版初中语法总复习专题(提优版)含答案一、选择题1In 1985, Spud became _ NBA player and then he came_first in the Slam Dunk Contest.Aan; theBa; theCan; Da; 2Which of the twin sisters is easier to get on with?_ younger one. She is _ humorous girl.AThe; theBThe; aCA; aDA; the3Smog has become _ danger to our life, but
2、 we still feel we have _ power to improve our environment.A/; theBa; aCthe; theDa; the4We all sighed with _ relief when _ plane finally landed safely.Aa; /B/; theCa; aDa; the5-Did you see the new movie directed by that famous director? Its said to be _great success.-No, I have been busy preparing al
3、l the office_ these days.A/; equipmentsBthe; equipmentC/; equipmentDa; equipment6_ useful robot! It can help us do dangerous jobs.AHowBHow aCWhat aDWhat an7 What are you reading, Jim? _ introduction to the art festival written by _ university student.AAn; aBAn; anCA; theDA; an8My dream is to build _
4、 university on the moon someday.It sounds like _ unusual dream. I wish you could realize it.Aa; anBan; aCa; aDan; an9-Do you know the TV programme called 24 Hours?-Oh, it is one-hour news round-up on CCTV.AaBanCtheD/10Are you leaving now? Having dinner with you is great fun!Thanks a lot, but I have
5、to make early start tomorrow morning.A/;aBa; anC/;anDa; the11Do you think that little boy should know the road safety?AsoBsuchCso aDsuch a12It was _ cold winter night and the moon was shining brightly across _ night sky.A不填;a Ba; the Cthe; a Dthe; 不填13- I am afraid I have got _ headache.- So please
6、stay in _ bed for a few more hours.Aa, theBthe, aC, aDa, 14_prize for the winner of the competition is _two-week holiday in Paris.AThe ; 不填BA ; 不填CA ; theDThe ; a15 Tu Youyou who won the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 2015 is _ excellent Chinese scientist. I cant agree more. In fact, she i
7、s _ pride of China.Athe; aBan; theCan; aDthe; the16What would you like to be when you grow up? host like Zhu Jun.AABAnCTheD/17 Is Russia _ European country? Yes, though a large part of it is in _ Asia.Aa; aBan; theCa; /Dan; /18 How far is it from this hotel to station? It is eleven-kilometer walk fr
8、om here.Athe; anBthe; aCa; anDa; the19Tiger Watch, _ 80-minute documentary, won_ award for its amazing photography.Aan; anBan, aCa, anDthe; a20We feel quite sad about _ death of Yuan Longping, “Father of Hybrid Rice”. What _ great loss it is!Athe; /Ba; theCthe; theDthe; a21 Is there _ library in you
9、r new school?Yes, its just _ east of the experiment building.Aa; theBa; /Cthe;/Dthe; the22The UK, _ island country with _ long history, is made up of England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland.Aa;aBa;/Can; aDan;/23Lang Lang is _ great pianist. He started to play the piano when still _ pupil.Aa; t
10、heBthe; aCa; aDthe; the24As _ volunteer at the Yangzhou Expo 2021, Wei Hua understands _ idea of green life better than before.Aa; anBa; theCthe; anDthe; the25不定冠词的用法不定冠词有两个,a 和 an。a用在辅音开头的单词前面;an用于以元音开头的单词前。如:a book, an apple。1) 不定冠词用在但数可数名词前表示“某一个”。如: There is a policeman at the door. 门口有个警察。2) 不定
11、冠词用在单数可数名词之前,表示“任何,每个”。如: A car must be insured. 汽车一定要上保险。 A soldier must obey orders. 军人必须服从命令。3) 不定冠词用于头一次出现的单数名词之前。如: There is a box in the room. The box is heavy. 房间里有个箱子。这个箱子很重。4) 不定冠词和名词连用作表语或同位语,主要说明某个人或东西所属类别。如: She is a teacher. 她是个老师。 We all thought him a suitable person for the job. 我们都认为
12、他是适合做这个项目的人。5) 定冠词用在价格、速度、比率等短语中。如:six kilometers an hour 每小时60公里3 times a day 每天三次6) 不定冠词用在专有名词前。如: He wants to buy a Kodak.他想买架柯达相机。7)不定冠词用于某些固定短语中。如: have a try试一下 take a break 休息一下 have a good time 玩得痛快 make a living 谋生 as a matter of fact 事实上 in a word 总而言之26What about lesson this morning?A pie
13、ce of cake;it was too easy lesson for me.Athe;theBa;aCa;theDthe;a27Its great responsibility but also great honor to be chosen.Aa; a Ba; / C/; / D/; a28 What about the party last night? It was_ great success. I think its _ great pity that you didnt attend it.A/; the Ba;aC/;a Da; the29Take your timeit
14、s just _ short distance from here to _ restaurant.A不填;the B不填;aCthe; a Da; the30The underground is now a popular means of transport in Tianjin, with 5 lines still under construction.A/; / Bthe; / Cthe; the D/; the31Last year our team went to Seattle and won _ second place. Personally, I think the te
15、am that was _ champion cheated.A/, the Bthe, theCa, the Dthe, /32It comes as _ surprise that _ dream of space travel will soon come true.Aa; theBthe ; theCthe; aDa ; /33The Jurassic Park is _ Steven Spielberg movie in which _ hero fights bravely and protects his friends and family from dinosaursA;th
16、eBa;theC;aDthe;a34 How about _ party?Cool! It was really _ great fun! Pity you werent there.Athe; /Ba; aCthe; aDa; /35 Have you seen _ film before? Yes. I saw it on _ Christmas Day, but I cant remember the exact year.Aa; aBa; theCthe; aDthe; the36In my opinion, Tony is _ success because he has bough
17、t _ third car though he already has two.Aa ; aBa ; theC/ ; theD/ ; a37Being able to afford_drink would be _comfort in those tough times.Athe;theBa;aCa;/D/;a38-Have you moved to _ new flat? -Not yet, the building is under _ construction.Aa; theBthe; /C/ ; /D/; the39Its _ best to make _ friends with t
18、hose who are honest.Athe; 不填B不填; 不填C不填; theDthe; the40As he reached _ back door, Jack saw _ strange sight.Athe ; /Ba; theC/; aDthe ; a41It is_ honour to hear you speak so highly of me.A不填BaCtheDan42Scientists across the world agree that this is an invention of _ great significance, _ invention that
19、will greatly change human life.Aa; theBa; anC/ ; theD/ ; an43- Do you go to _ church every Sunday? - Yes. I believe _God blesses me all _ time.Athe;/; theB/ ; /; /Ca; /; theD/; /; the44Smoking, which may be _ fun for some people, is _ cause of discomfort for the people around him.A/; aBa; aCa; /Da;
20、the45, which has food and drink channel with clear explanations, is very popular website.Aa; theBthe; 不填Ca; aD不填; a46It s great pleasure to go to cinema after a weeks hard work.Aa; aBthe;theCa; theDthe; a47Wild animals have been overhunted, and as _ result, some of them are among the animals in _dan
21、ger.Aa; theBa; /Cthe; aD/ ; the48They havent made _contact with each other since they had _quarrel two weeks ago.Athe; theB不填; aCa; theD不填; the49He wrote _ song, which turned out to be rather popular with _ young.Athe; theBa; 不填Ca; theDthe; 不填50Titan is believed to be the only body in _ solar system
22、 other than the Earth with liquid on _ surface.Athe; /B/; theC/; /Dthe; the【参考答案】*试卷处理标记,请不要删除一、选择题1C解析:C【详解】句意:1985年,斯伯特“土豆”成为一名NBA球员,然后在扣篮大赛中获得第一名。不定冠词a/an表示泛指,定冠词the表示特指,成为一名NBA球员,表示泛指,NBA首字母N是以元音音素开头,前面用不定冠词an,首先排除B,D;come first取得第一名,前面不用定冠词the,故答案为C。2B解析:B【详解】句意:双胞胎姐妹哪个更容易相处?年轻的那个。她是一个幽默的女孩。考查冠
23、词用法。the定冠词,表特指;a一个,不定冠词,表泛指。第一个空特指双胞胎里年轻的一个,用定冠词the修饰;第二个空表泛指一个幽默的女孩,用不定冠词a修饰。故选B。3D解析:D【解析】【详解】本题考查冠词。解题步骤:1.确定第一空:danger表示“一件危险的人或物”时,是可数名词,此处泛指“一件危险的事情”,应使用不定冠词a,从而排除A/C项;2.确定第二空:根据空前but we still feel we have可知,此处特指“改善环境的力量”,应使用定冠词the。句意:雾霾已经对我们的生活构成一大威胁,但是我们仍然觉得我们有能力改善环境。故选D。4B解析:B【解析】【详解】考查冠词。句
24、意:当飞机最后安全着陆的时候,我们全都如释重负地松了一口气。relief作“轻松;解脱” 讲时,为不可数名词,故第一空不填冠词;“_ plane”特指我们乘坐的飞机,故第二空用定冠词the。故选B项。5D解析:D【解析】【详解】考查冠词和名词复数。句意:-你看过那位著名导演,导演的新电影了吗?据说非常成功。-没有,这些天我一直在忙着准备所有的办公设备。success为不可数名词,但a success强调是“一件个成功的事或人。这是抽象名词的具体化的用法。 equipment为不可数名词,没有复数形式,不要不定冠词来修饰。故D选项正确。【点睛】抽象名词是指表示动作、状态、品质、感情等抽象概念的名
25、词。抽象名词一般为不可数名词,如success,progress,pity,surprise等。但是,在一定场合下,某些抽象名词和某些物质名词可以具体化为个体名词,这时它们具有可数名词的功能,这种情况我们称之为抽象名词具体化。现将中学阶段常见的这类名词归纳如下:一、表示抽象的特性、状态、思维以及动作行为的一次、一种、一场、一类等的名词,有时可具体化为可数名词。这时常组成“aan形容词抽象名词”结构。如:He has a great interest in English他对英语显得很感兴趣。二、表示具有某种特性、状态、情感、情绪的人或物,这类名词有的已经完全转化为可数名词,词义也有所变化。如:
26、抽象名词表示具有某种特性、状态、感情情绪的人或事。如:抽象名词(不可数) 具体化(个体名词,可数名词)in surprise惊讶地 a surprise一件令人惊讶的事win success获得成功 a success一个(件)成功的人(事)分析句子可知,success为不可数名词,但a success强调是“一件个成功的事或人。这是抽象名词的具体化的用法。 equipment为不可数名词,没有复数形式,不要不定冠词来修饰。故D选项正确。6C解析:C【详解】句意:多有用的机器人啊!它可以帮助我们做危险的工作。考查感叹句。句子中心词是单数名词robot,且句子是省略主谓的感叹句,符合结构“Wha
27、t+a/an+adj+单数名词+主谓!”,useful是辅音音素开头的单词,应用a修饰,故选C。7A解析:A【详解】句意:吉姆,你正在读什么?一名大学生写的艺术节的说明。考查冠词,因为introduction是以元音音素开头的,故用an,university是以辅音音素开头,用a。根据句意,故选A。8A解析:A【详解】句意:我的梦想是有一天在月球上建一所大学。听起来像是个不寻常的梦。我希望你能实现它。考查不定冠词。不定冠词a/an表示泛指,a用在首字母是辅音音素开头的单词前;an用在首字母是元音音素开头的单词前。the是定冠词,表示特指。第一空是“建一所大学”,这里用不定冠词,universi
28、ty是以辅音音素开头的,用不定冠词a;第二空是“是个不寻常的梦”,用不定冠词,unusual首字母是以元音音素开头的,用不定冠词an。根据题意,故选A。9A解析:A【解析】【详解】句意:-你知道24小时这个电视节目吗? -噢,它是一个中央电视台一小时的新闻报道。考查冠词。A一个,一类,不定冠词;an 一个,一类,不定冠词,用于元音音素开头的单前;the这,定冠词,表特指;/ 表示零冠词。此处表示一个或一类,要用不定冠词,又因one是辅音音素开头的,故选A。10C解析:C【解析】【详解】本题考查:冠词的用法。选项分析:a用在以辅音音素开头,或以读做辅音音素开头的单词前面。an用在以元音音素开头的
29、单词前面,或以读做元音音素开头的单词前面。由于fun是不可数名词,故前面不用冠词。而early为元音音素开头,故前面用不定冠词an.综合分析前后文及答案选项,完整句意为:Are you leaving now? Having dinner with you is great fun! Thanks a lot, but I have to make an early start tomorrow morning.你现在要走吗?和你一起吃晚饭很有趣!非常感谢,但我的明天又是早起的一天。正确答案为:C【点睛】a和an都用来修饰可数名词的单数。但a和an又有区别用法:(1)a用在以辅音音素开头的单词
30、前面,例如:a man一个男人。(2)an用在以元音音素开头的单词前面,简言之即an用在元音前,a用在辅音前。一般而言,元音字母发元音,辅音字母发辅音,但也有例外情况,主要有如下例外情况:(1)拼写以辅音字母开头读音却以元音开头的单词。例如:hour,honest,honor等单词的拼写虽然以辅音字母h开头,但其读音却以元音开头,因此,前面要用an。 (2)拼写以元音字母开头读音却以辅音开头的单词。useful,university,usual等单词的拼写虽然以元音字母开头,但其读音却以辅音开头,因此,前面要用a。11D解析:D【解析】【详解】本题考查:语境分析及形容词副词辨析。so是副词,修
31、饰形容词和副词;而such是形容词,修饰名词。 它们后面都接单数可数名词,但词序不同。so的词序为:so+adj.+a(an)+n.而such的词序为:such+a(an)+adj.+n.当后面接复数名词或不可数名词时,只能用such,而不能用so。 但复数名词或不可数名词前有many,few,much,little修饰时,只能用so而不能用such。此外,so与that可以直接构成词组so that, 引导目的状语从句和结果状语从句, 表示“以便、以至于”的意思。选项分析:such a little boy这么小的男孩。综合分析前后文及答案选项,完整句意为:Do you think that
32、 such a little boy should know the road safety?你认为这样一个小男孩应该知道道路安全吗?正确答案为:D【点睛】so和such的区别用法:so是副词,修饰形容词和副词;而such是形容词,修饰名词。 它们后面都接单数可数名词,但词序不同。so的词序为:so+adj.+a(an)+n. 而such的词序为:such+a(an)+adj.+n. 当后面接复数名词或不可数名词时,只能用such,而不能用so。 例如:例1:such beautiful flowers 这么美丽的花。例2:such clever children 如此聪明的孩子。但是,复数名
33、词或不可数名词前有many,few,much,little修饰时,只能用so而不能用such,这是一种固定用法。 例如:例3: so many books 这么多的书。例4: so little milk 那么少的牛奶.和that连用时,意思基本一样,但句型结构不同。 so.that.句型结构为: so+adj.(adv.)+that.so+adj.+a(an)+单数名词+that.so+many(few)+复数名词+that.so+much(little)+不可数名词+that. such.that.句型结构为: such+a(an)+adj.+单数名词+that.such+adj.+复数名
34、词+that.such+adj.+不可数名词+that. 例如:She is such a pretty girl that everyone likes her.她是个很可爱的小姑娘,大家都喜欢她。12B解析:B【解析】第一空“一个寒冷的冬夜”,应用不定冠词a;第二空“夜空”,指独一无二的事物用定冠词the。故答案为B。【考点定位】考查冠词用法13D解析:D【解析】句意:恐怕我发烧了。所以请在床上多睡几个小时。考查冠词辨析题。a和an都是不定冠词,表泛指;a用于辅音音素开头的单词前,an用于元音音素开头的单词前。the是定冠词,表特指。get a headache头疼,stay in bed
35、卧床休息,两个都是固定短语。根据句意和语境,可知选D。14D解析:D【解析】试题分析:句意:这个比赛获胜者的奖品是在巴黎度假两个星期。第一空填the,是特指“获胜者的奖品”,用定冠词;第二空泛指“一个两周的假期”,用不定冠词a。故选A。考点:考查冠词。【名师点睛】本题着重理解定冠词和不定冠词的区别,定冠词the表示特指,不定冠词a/an表示泛指;对于冠词特指和泛指的考查是历年来高考的必考点,平时在学习中要多进行积累,仔细分析是特指还是泛指。同时,更为重要的是要多去积累习惯表达、特殊表达,这也是近几年高考习惯考的地方。总而言之,多解题、多理解、多积累才是关键。做考查冠词的题目时语感非常重要,平时
36、阅读的时候,注意出现冠词的地方,体会是特指还是泛指。15B解析:B【详解】句意:在2015年获得了诺贝尔生理学或医药学奖的屠呦呦是一名优秀的中国科学家。我非常同意。事实上,她是中国的骄傲。第一空excellent是元音音素开头,故用不定冠词an修饰。第二空有介词短语of China修饰,故表示特指,故用定冠词the修饰,故选B。16A解析:A【详解】试题分析:句意:你长大了想干什么?像朱军这样的主持人。根据句意及题干分析此空是泛指像朱军一样的主持人,host以元音音素开头,其前ong不定冠词a。故选A。考点:考查冠词的用法17C解析:C【详解】句意: 俄国是一个欧洲的国家吗?是的,尽管它有很大
37、一部分在亚洲。考查冠词。European形容词,是欧洲的意思,它的发音第一个是辅音,故第一个空应填a,在亚洲之前不用冠词,所以第二个空应不填冠词,故选C。18A解析:A【解析】试题分析:句意:-从这个学校到车站有多远?-从这里走路要11公里。a/an是不定冠词,表示泛指一个;an用于元音发音开头的单词前;the 是定冠词,表示特指这个;根据句意可知,第一个空表示特指两个人都知道的车站,故用the;第二个空用an修饰后面的名词walk,表示一段路程。故选A。考点:考查冠词。19A解析:A【解析】试题分析:根据句意:观虎,是一个长达80分钟的记录片,它以其惊人的摄影赢得了奖项。 考查冠词的用法,
38、根据符合形容词80-minute是元音因素开头的故用an,因此用不定冠词a; 一个奖品是以元音音标开头的单词,因此用不定冠词an。故选A考点:考查冠词。20D解析:D【详解】句意:对于“杂交水稻之父”袁隆平的去世,我们感到十分悲痛。这是多大的损失啊!考查冠词的用法和感叹句。第一处特指袁隆平的去世,用定冠词the;第二处是感叹句,中心词是可数名词单数loss,great首字母发辅音音素,用a。故选D。21B解析:B【详解】句意: 你的新学校有图书馆吗? 有,就在实验楼的东边。考查冠词。library是可数名词单数,而且此处表示泛指,第一空需要不定冠词a;“be +方位词+of .”表示“(某地)
39、在(另一地)的方向”,所以第二空不需要冠词。故选B。22C解析:C【详解】句意:英国是一个拥有悠久历史的岛国,由英国,苏格兰,威尔士和北爱尔兰组成。考查冠词。第一个空泛指英国是一个岛国,而且island的发音是以元音音素开头,则用an;第二个空,泛指英国的悠久历史,而且long的发音是以辅音音素开头,则用a。故选C。23C解析:C【详解】句意:郎朗是一位伟大的钢琴家。他还是个小学生时就开始弹钢琴了。考查冠词的用法。两处均表示泛指,用不定冠词修饰,great和pupil都是以辅音音素开头的单词,都用a。故选C。24B解析:B【详解】句意:作为2021年扬州世博会的志愿者,魏华比以前更了解绿色生活
40、的理念。考查冠词。a一个,不定冠词,表泛指;an一个,不定冠词,表泛指;the定冠词,表特指,根据第一个空后面的“volunteer”可知,应该用不定冠词表泛指,且volunteer是以辅音音素开头的单词,所以用不定冠词a,排除C和D,由第二个空后面的“idea of green life”可知,第二个空应该是表特指,用定冠词the,排除A,故选B。25无26D解析:D【解析】本题考查冠词。第一空是特指“早上的这节课”故用定冠词the;第二空意为“这一课对我来说太容易了”,属于泛指,故用不定冠词a。所以选D。27A解析:A【解析】【详解】考查冠词。句意:被选中不但是一个巨大的责任,而且是一个伟
41、大的荣誉。第一个空泛指“一个巨大的责任”,great的首字母发音是辅音,所以第一个空填不定冠词a;第一个空泛指“一个伟大的荣誉”,great的首字母发音是辅音,所以第一个空填不定冠词a,故选A。28B解析:B【解析】【详解】考查冠词和固定句型。句意:昨晚的聚会怎么样?这是一个巨大的成功。我认为你没有参加真是太遗憾了。第一个空泛指“一个巨大的成功”,great的首字母发音是辅音,所以用不定冠词a;its a great pity that真遗憾该句型是固定句型,所以第二个空填a,故选B。29D解析:D【解析】【详解】考查冠词。句意:慢慢来,从这儿到那个饭店只是很短的一段距离。表示泛指用a/an;
42、表示特指用the。a short distance泛指“一段距离”;特指双方都知道的那个饭店,用the。故D选项正确。30A解析:A【解析】【详解】考查固定搭配,句意:在天津,地铁现在是一种很受欢迎的交通工具,还有5条线路正在建设中。a means of,“的一种方式”,为固定搭配,a means of 后直接加名词做宾语。under construction,在建设中,为固定搭配,故选A。31A解析:A【解析】考查冠词。句意:去年我们的队去西雅图,赢了第二。就我个人而言,我认为,冠军队作弊了。固定搭配:second place第二名;the champion冠军。故选A。32A解析:A【解析
43、】考查冠词。第一空后的surprise抽象名词具体化了,指一件让人惊讶的事情,或者让人惊讶的人。第二空特指太空旅游的梦想。故A正确。33B解析:B【解析】试题分析:考查冠词。句意:The Jurassic Park是一部Steven Spielberg的电影,在这部电影里英雄勇敢地抗击恐龙来保护他的家人和朋友。第一空表示泛指一部电影,填a;第二空表示特指那位英雄,故填the。故选B。考点:考查冠词34A解析:A【解析】试题分析:考查冠词的使用。第一个空格表示特指这个晚会。the用于表示特指;后文的fun是不可数名词,所以不需要添加a。句意:那个晚会怎么样?酷!真的很好玩!可惜你不在。故选A。考点:考查冠词的使用。35C解析:C【解析】句意:你以前看过这部电影吗?嗯,我在一个圣诞节看过,但是不记得具体是哪一年了。the是定冠词,一般用于特指的名词前;a是不定冠词,一般用于泛指的,有后置定语的一般都用the。题中the film