湖南省张家界市2021年中考英语试题（解析版）.doc

湖南省张家界市2021年中考英语试题（解析版）请同学们注意：本次考试包括听力、完形填空、阅读理解和写作四个大题，闭卷，听力测试采取在考室放录音的方式，听力材料以中速朗读两遍。本试卷满分 100 分，考试时间120 分钟。考试结束后，请将答题卷和试题卷一并交回。第一部分 听力（共三节，满分 20 分）做题时，请先将答案标在试卷上，录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5 小题; 每小题1分，满分5 分）听下面五段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话前，你有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟; 听完后，每小题有5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话读两遍。 1. Where is Mary now? A. She is in the bedroom. B. She is in the museum. C. She is in the study room.2. How did they get to Changsha? A. By car. B. By train. C. By plane.3. How does the man feel about his work? A. Its fun. B. Its boring. C. Its terrible.4. What sports does Jim prefer now? A. Playing basketball. B. Playing soccer. C. Playing tennis.5. Where are the speakers talking? A.In a shop. B. In a restaurant. C. In a hospital.第二节（共5小题; 每小题1分，满分 5 分）听下面两段对话，每段对话后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话前，你有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟; 听完后，每小题有5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话读两遍。听第6 段对话，回答第 6 和第 7 两个小题。 6. How does Rick go to school? A. By bus. B. On foot. C. By bike.7. How far is it from his home to school? A. About 10 kilometers. B. About 12 kilometers. C. About 15 kilometers.听第 7段对话，回答第 8 至第 10 三个小题。 8. What is tomorrow? A. Moms birthday. B. Teachers Day. C. Fathers Day.9. What are they going to do for Mom?A. Buy a present. B. Make a card. C. Make fruit salad.10. How many apples do they need?A. One. B.Two. C.Three.第三节（共5小题; 每小题2分，满分 10 分）听下面一段独白，根据所听内容填空。听独白前，你有25秒钟的时间阅读表格中的内容, 听完后有 25 秒钟的作答时间。独白读两遍。Janes Diary Entry about Her VacationTimeIt was 11 , July 20th.WeatherIt was 12 .PlaceThey went to a (an) 13 .Things they didThey 14 and had some local food.FeelingThey had a(an) 15 day.第二部分 完形填空（共 15 小题; 每小题1分，满分 15 分）通读下面短文，从题中所给的 A、B、C三个选项中，选出最佳选项填空，使短文意思通顺、结构完整。AHow do you get to school? Do you walk or ride a bike? Do you go by bus _1_ by train? _2_ many students, it is easy to get to school. But for the students in one small village in China, it is _3_ . There is a very big _4_ between their school and the village. There is no bridge and the river runs too _5_ for boats. So these students go on a ropeway to _6_ the river to school.Many of the students and villagers never leave the village. It is their dream to have a bridge. Can their _7_ come true?1. A. orB. soC. but2. A. InB. ForC. At3. A. difficultB. easyC. relaxing4. A. libraryB. parkC. river5. A. quickB. quicklyC. slow6. A. crossB. acrossC. crossing7. A. houseB. dreamC. village【答案】1. A 2. B 3. A 4. C 5. B 6. A 7. B【解析】【分析】文章介绍了上学对很多学生来说很容易，但是对中国一个小村庄的学生来说非常困难，并介绍了他们上学的方式以及他们的梦想。【1题详解】句意：你乘公共汽车去还是乘火车去？or或者；so因此；but但是；根据“Do you walk or ride a bike?”可知，此处也是两者之间表选择，应用or连接，故选A。【2题详解】句意：对许多学生来说，上学很容易。In在里面；For对于来说；At在点时；结合语境及“But for the students in one small village in China”可知，此处表达的是“对于很多学生来说”，应用介词for，故选B。【3题详解】句意：但是对于中国一个小村庄的学生来说，这很困难。difficult困难的；easy容易的；relaxing令人放松的；根据“it is easy to get to school.”以及but转折以及“There is a very big.the river to school.”可知，此处指的是“对于一个小村庄的学生来说，上学很难”，故选A。【4题详解】句意：他们的学校和村子之间有一条很宽的河。library图书馆；park公园；river河流；根据“There is no bridge and the river”可知，学校和村子之间有条河，故选C。【5题详解】句意：河上没有桥，河水湍急，不适合划船。quick快的；quickly块地；slow慢的；空格修饰动词要用副词，故选B。【6题详解】句意：所以这些学生就乘索道过河去上学。cross越过，动词；across穿过，介词；crossing十字路口；空格前有to，其后接动词原形，表示穿过河流，故选A。【7题详解】句意：他们的梦想能实现吗？house房子；dream梦想；village村庄；根据“It is their dream to have a bridge.”可知，此处指的是他们的梦想能实现吗，故选B。BWhat makes us ill? It is the germs（细菌）. _8_ are everywhere. The are very _9_ . You cant find them with your eyes, but you can see them _10_ a microscope（显微镜）. There could be hundreds of them on a very small thing.Germs are always found in _11_ water. When we look at dirty water under the microscope, we shall see _12_ . So your father and mother will not let you drink dirty water.Germs are found not only in _13_ . They are found _14_ in air and dust（灰尘）. When you _15_ your finger, if some dust from the floor goes into the cut, some germs would go into your finger. Then you will have much pain in it. Sometimes germs would go into all of your body, and you would have pain everywhere.8. A. GermsB. BooksC. Gardens9. A. bigB. smallC. long10. A. withB. toC. of11. A. cleanB. tidyC. dirty12. A. themB. himC. they13. A. foodB. drinkC. water14. A. neitherB. alsoC. too15. A. cutB. checkC. make【答案】8. A 9. B 10. A 11. C 12. A 13. C 14. B 15. A【解析】【分析】文章介绍了细菌都会在生活中哪里会被发现以及细菌对人类的危害。【8题详解】句意：细菌无处不在。Germs细菌；Books书；Gardens花园；根据“What makes us ill? It is the germs（细菌）. ”可知，此处说的是细菌无处不在，故选A。【9题详解】句意：它们很小big大的；small小的；long长的；根据“You cant find them with your eyes”可知，细菌是非常小的，故选B。【10题详解】句意：你用眼睛找不到它们，但你可以用显微镜看到它们。with用；to朝，向；of的；根据“a microscope”可知，此处指的是用显微镜能看到细菌，故选A。【11题详解】句意：在脏水里总能发现细菌。clean干净的；tidy整洁的；dirty脏的；根据“When we look at dirty water under the microscope”可知，此处指的是在脏水里能发现细菌，故选C。【12题详解】句意：当我们在显微镜下观察脏水时，我们会看到它们。them它们，宾格；him他；they它们，主格；空格作动词的宾语，应用宾格；此处指代的是前面提到的复数名词Germs，应用them代替，故选A。【13题详解】句意：细菌不仅存在于水中。food食物；drink饮料；water水；根据“Germs are always found in.water.”可知，这里说的是细菌不仅存在于水中，故选C。【14题详解】句意：它们也存于空气和灰尘中。neither两者都不；also也，用于肯定句句中；too也，用于肯定句句末；根据“Germs are found not only in.”可知，此处表达的是“也”，肯定句句中用also，故选B。【15题详解】句意：当你割伤手指时，如果地板上的灰尘进入伤口，一些细菌就会进入你的手指。cut切，割；check检查；make制作；根据“if some dust from the floor goes into the cut”可知，此处说的是如果切到手指，故选A。第三部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分 40 分）第一节（共15小题; 每小题2分，满分 30分）阅读下面材料，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出最佳选项。AWelcome to Tomorrow HotelFacilitiesChargesMeal Time 128 beds Open 24 hours all year Car park Games room Washing machines No smoking Under 18 55 Adults 120 Breakfast at 7:30a.m. Dinner 5:30p.m. 7:00p.m.16. How many people can stay at the hotel?A. 55B. 120C. 12817. What does the underlined word “charges” mean?A. ReasonsB. CostsC. Places18. When is lunch time in Tomorrow Hotel?A. 6:00 a.m.B. 7:00 p.m.C. No lunch served【答案】16. C 17. B 18. C【解析】【分析】文章是对明天旅店的广告介绍，包括基础设施、价格以及餐饮情况等。【16题详解】细节理解题。根据“Facilities”中的信息“128 beds”可知，这个旅店能住128人，故选C。【17题详解】词义猜测题。根据对应表格的信息“Under 18 55 Adults 120”可知，这是价格，所以单词“Charges”指的是“价格，费用”，故选B。【18题详解】推理判断题。根据“Meal Time”中的信息“ Breakfast at 7:30a.m. Dinner 5:30p.m. 7:00p.m.”可知，没有提到午餐的时间，说明该旅店可能没有提供午餐，故选C。BHi, Im Giorgio. Im from Sicily. Its a beautiful island in Italy. I live in a village on the coast（海岸）. The sea is blue and I like to go fishing.The capital of Italy is Rome. It is a very old city full of famous buildings. St Peters is a very big and beautiful church（教堂） there.Rome is very busy, but Milan is busier than Rome. It is in the north west of Italy. Do you know its famous football team? Milan has a population of 4 million people. People are busy working.Venice is on the sea, and people use boats, not bicycles or buses for transport. Venice is beautiful, with lovely, old bridges and buildings by the water.Im happy on my islandand we have very good pizzas.19. Where is Giorgio from?A. Italy.B. India.C. England.20. Rome is _.A. busier than MilanB. the capital of ItalyC. famous for football21. Milan has a population of _.A. 4 million peopleB. 5 million peopleC. 6 million people22. If you are in Venice, how will you go to school?A. By boat.B. By busC. By bike.【答案】19. A 20. B 21. A 22. A【解析】【分析】文章主要是介绍意大利的几个城市的情况。【19题详解】细节理解题。根据“Hi, Im Giorgio. Im from Sicily. Its a beautiful island in Italy.”可知，Giorgio来自意大利，故选A。【20题详解】细节理解题。根据“The capital of Italy is Rome.”可知，罗马是意大利的首都，故选B。【21题详解】细节理解题。根据“Milan has a population of 4 million people.”可知，米兰有400万人口。故选A。【22题详解】细节理解题。根据“Venice is on the sea, and people use boats, not bicycles or buses for transport.”可知，威尼斯在海上，人们用船，而不是自行车或公共汽车来运输。故选A。CPotatoes were first grown in the Andes in South America. In 1586, they were taken to Europe by explorers(探险家). In 1719, they were taken to North America. Before 1719, nobody in North America had ever seen or eaten a potato. Today, each American eats more than 60 kilos of potatoes a year.23. Where were potatoes first grown?A. In North America.B. In Europe.C. In the Andes in South America.24. Who took the potatoes in Europe?A. Artists.B. Explorers.C. Doctors.25. When were potatoes taken to North America?A. In 1719.B. In 1586.C. In 1791.26. How many potatoes does an American eat in one year today?A. More than 55 kilos.B. More than 60 kilos.C. More than 65 kilos.【答案】23. C 24. B 25. A 26. B【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文，文章讲述的是土豆最开始种植在南美的安第斯山脉。后来被带到欧洲和北美。现在一个美国人一年吃超过60千克的土豆。【23题详解】细节理解题。根据“Potatoes were first grown in the Andes in South America”可知土豆最开始种植在南美的安第斯山脉。故选C。【24题详解】细节理解题。根据“ In 1586, they were taken to Europe by explorers”可知探险家把土豆带到欧洲。故选B。【25题详解】细节理解题。根据“In 1719, they were taken to North America”可知在1719年，土豆被带到北美。故选A。【26题详解】细节理解题。根据“Today, each American eats more than 60 kilos of potatoes a year”一个美国人一年吃超过60千克的土豆。故选B。DFlorence Nightingale was born on May 12th, 1820. In 1851 she trained as a nurse. Two years later she went to a British military（军事的）hospital so that she could help British soldiers. Before she arrived, many soldiers died in the hospital because it was dirty. Nightingale worked hard to make the hospital clean and stop soldiers dying. When she returned to England in 1856, she was a national heroine. Nightingale wrote two books about nursing and she also started a school to train nurses. She died in London on August 13th, 1910, when she was 90 years old.27. What was Florence Nightingales job?A. A nurse.B. A soldier.C. An artist.28. How many books did she write?A. One.B. Two.C. Three.29. Which of the following is NOT true about the article?A. In 1851 she went to a British military hospital.B. In 1856 she returned to England.C. In 1910 she died in London.30. What would be the best title for the article?A. A British Soldier.B. A British Military Hospital.C. A Famous British Nurse.【答案】27. A 28. B 29. A 30. C【解析】【分析】本文主要介绍了著名的英国护士佛罗伦萨南丁格尔。【27题详解】细节理解题。根据“In 1851 she trained as a nurse.”可知，南丁格尔是一名护士。故选A。28题详解】细节理解题。根据“Nightingale wrote two books about nursing and she also started a school to train nurses.”可知，南丁格尔写了两本书。故选B。【29题详解】推理判断题。根据“ In 1851 she trained as a nurse. Two years later she went to a British military hospital so that she could help British soldiers.”可知，1851她接受了护士培训，两年后她去了英国军队医院，A选项表述有误。故选A。【30题详解】最佳标题题。阅读全文可知，本文主要介绍了著名的英国护士南丁格尔的事迹。故选C。第二节（共5 小题; 每小题 2 分，满分 10 分）阅读下面短文，根据所读内容回答问题。 Dear Mum and Dad,Im very happy to spend some time with Linglings uncle in Hunan province, and Im having a wonderful time here in Wulingyuan Scenic and Historic Interest Area. Its very large, about 390 square kilometers, and its a magic land of mountains, forests and rivers. Its famous for the strange shape of its all rocks.Last night we camped by a small lake. During the night, I heard a loud noise, as if someone was laughing. I woke up Lingling and her uncle, and I asked them what the noise was. Linglings uncle told us not to worry, and left the tent to find out what it was. After a few minutes, he told us to come out quickly. Then he pointed into the forest. It was a monkey. When it saw us, it jumped up into the trees and went back into the forest.Tomorrow were going to Mount Tianzi. Ill go back next week! Wish you were here!Love,Sally.31. How large is Wulingyuan Scenic and Historic Interest Area?_32. What is it famous for?_33. Where did they camp last night?_34. According to the article, what animals will you probably see if you go there? _35. Have you ever been to Wulingyuan Scenic and Historic Interest Area?_【答案】31. Its about 390 square kilometers. 32. Its famous for the strange shape of its all rocks. 33. They camped by a small lake. 34. Monkeys./I(We) will probably see monkeys. 35. Yes./No.【解析】【分析】文章作者写信给父母介绍了自己在湖南和玲玲的叔叔度过的美好时光以及游览的情况。【31题详解】根据“Im having a wonderful time here in Wulingyuan Scenic and Historic Interest Area. Its very large, about 390 square kilometers”可知，武陵源风景名胜区约390平方公里，故填Its about 390 square kilometers.【32题详解】根据“Its famous for the strange shape of its all rocks.”可知，它以岩石的奇形怪状而闻名。故填Its famous for the strange shape of its all rocks.【33题详解】根据“Last night we camped by a small lake.”可知，昨晚他们在湖边露营，故填They camped by a small lake.【34题详解】根据“Then he pointed into the forest. It was a monkey. When it saw us, it jumped up into the trees and went back into the forest.”可知，在那里露营可能会看到猴子，故填Monkeys./I(We) will probably see monkeys.【35题详解】我去过武陵源风景名胜区，那里风景很美；我没有去过武陵源风景名胜区；故填Yes./No.第四部分 写作（共两节，满分 25 分）第一节 补全对话（共5小题;每小题2分，满分10 分）阅读下面对话，根据上下文补全对话内容。 A: You dont look well _36_?B: I have a sore throat. A: _37_?B: Yes. My temperature seems all right. A: _38_?B:I have been like this for three days. A: Open your mouth and say “Ah”.B:Ah!A: You have caught a cold.B: _39_?A:You should take this medicine three times a day.Then youll be OK B: Thank you very much.A: _40_.【答案】36. Whats wrong with you?/Whats the matter with you?/Whats the trouble with you? 37. Did you take your temperature?/Have you taken your temperature? 38. How long have you been like this? 39. What should I do? 40. Youre welcome.【解析】【分析】这则对话A看到B身体不舒服，询问B怎么了。B讲述喉咙不舒服，体温正常，A询问症状持续的时间，并让B张嘴检查，认为B得了感冒，然后建议B吃药一天三次。【36题详解】根据“I have a sore throat” B讲述喉咙不舒服，可知A询问B怎么了。故填Whats wrong with you?/Whats the matter with you?/Whats the trouble with you?【37题详解】根据“Yes”可知是一般疑问句，根据“My temperature seems all right”可知B讲述自己的体温正常，可知A询问B是否测了体温。故填Did you take your temperature?/Have you taken your temperature?【38题详解】根据“I have been like this for three days”B讲述这种情况持续了三天，可知A 询问B像这样有多长时间。故填How long have you been like this?【39题详解】根据“You have caught a cold”及 “You should take this medicine three times a day”A说B得了感冒，需要吃这种药一天三次，可知B询问的是他应该做什么。故填What should I do?40题详解】根据“Thank you very much”B表示感谢，A回答应该表达“不客气”。故填Youre welcome.第二节 书面表达（满分 15 分）41. 假如你是李华，你们班上打算举办关于“My Habits”的主题班会。请你根据下面的提示，写一篇英语短文。要求 1.内容必须包括所提示信息，可适当发挥;2.文中不能出现自己的真实姓名和学校名称;3.不少于50词（文章开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数）。Good HabitsBad habitsActivities exerciseread booksdrink juiceHow often alwaysevery day oftenActivities watch TV eat hamburgershelp with housework How oftenalwaysoftenneverHello, everyone. Im Li Hua. _