限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句公开课一等奖优质课大赛微课获奖课件.pptx

定语从句定语从句限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句第1页第1页限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句 限制性定语从句限制性定语从句对先行词起限制、拟对先行词起限制、拟定作用，是先行词不可缺乏定语，假如定作用，是先行词不可缺乏定语，假如省去，主句意思就会不完整，不明确或省去，主句意思就会不完整，不明确或不合逻辑。这种定语从句和主句之间不不合逻辑。这种定语从句和主句之间不能用逗号隔开。能用逗号隔开。_第2页第2页 The man who came here yesterday has come again.关系副词关系副词when和和why用于引导限制性用于引导限制性定语从句时，在口语和非正式文体中能够定语从句时，在口语和非正式文体中能够省去，但是省去，但是where通常不能够省去。如：通常不能够省去。如：a.Be sure to call on us next time(when)you come to town.b.This is one of the reasons(why)you may like to eat it.第3页第3页 非限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句和先行词关系松散，和先行词关系松散，只是对先行词作附加阐明，假如省去，主只是对先行词作附加阐明，假如省去，主句意思仍然完整或清楚。这种定语从句和句意思仍然完整或清楚。这种定语从句和主句之间须用逗号隔开。如：主句之间须用逗号隔开。如：a.Abraham Lincoln,who led the United States through these years,was murdered on April 14,1865.b.He sent a special governor,a man named Gessler,who would rule with a firm hand._第4页第4页 c.He lives in another town,which is only about an hours ride from here.d.Soon they arrived at a farmhouse,in front of which sat a small boy.e.They set up a separate state of their own,where they would be free to keep Negroes as slaves.注意注意：引导非限制性定语从句关系代词不可：引导非限制性定语从句关系代词不可用用that，指人时用，指人时用who(主语主语),whom(宾语宾语)，指物时须用指物时须用which.第5页第5页限制性定语从句限制性定语从句 非限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句 形式上形式上 不用逗号“，”与主句隔开。用逗号“，”与主句隔开。意义上意义上 是先行词不可缺乏定语，如删除，主句则失去意义或意思表示不完整。只是对先行词补充阐明，如删除，主句仍能表示完整意思。译法上译法上 译成先行词定语：“”通常译成主句并列句。关系词使用上 A作宾语时可省略B可用thatC可用who 代替whom A不可省略B不用thatC不可用who 代替whom 第6页第6页Practice A请区别出下列句子哪些是限制性定语从请区别出下列句子哪些是限制性定语从句，那些是非限制性定语从句句，那些是非限制性定语从句：1.The teacher told me that Tom was the only person that I could depend on.2.His mother,who loves him very much,is strict with him.3.China is a country which has a long history.4.China,which was founded in 1949,is becoming more and more powerful.第7页第7页Practice B区分以下几组句子不同含义：1.Her brother who is now a soldier always encourages her to go to college.Her brother,who is now a soldier,always encourages her to go to college.她那当兵哥哥总是勉励她上大学。她那当兵哥哥总是勉励她上大学。（意含：（意含：她尚有其它哥哥。）她尚有其它哥哥。）她哥哥是当兵，他总是勉励她上大学。她哥哥是当兵，他总是勉励她上大学。（意含：（意含：她只有一个哥哥。）她只有一个哥哥。）第8页第8页.All the books that have pictures in them are well written.All the books,which have pictures in them,are well written.所有里面带插图书都写得较好。所有里面带插图书都写得较好。（意含：（意含：不带插图书则不一定写得好。）不带插图书则不一定写得好。）所有书都带插图，这些书都写得较好。所有书都带插图，这些书都写得较好。（意含：（意含：没有不带插图书。）没有不带插图书。）第9页第9页Exercises A 1、All_ is useful to us is good.A、whichB、whatC、thatD、whetherC解析：解析：定语从句中先定语从句中先行词为行词为all,none等词时，等词时，关系代词必须用关系代词必须用that,而而不是不是which.故选故选C。第10页第10页2、Is this factory _ we visited last week.A、whereB、thatC、whichD、the oneD解析：解析：解析：解析：this factory this factory容易被学生错容易被学生错容易被学生错容易被学生错误地混为先行词，其实这是误地混为先行词，其实这是误地混为先行词，其实这是误地混为先行词，其实这是This This factoryfactory是句子主语而不是先行是句子主语而不是先行是句子主语而不是先行是句子主语而不是先行词。因此选择词。因此选择词。因此选择词。因此选择D.The one D.The one 中中中中oneone 指代是指代是指代是指代是factory,factory,作定语从句作定语从句作定语从句作定语从句先行词。先行词。先行词。先行词。第11页第11页4、This is the school _ my father worked 20 years ago.A、thatB、whenC、whichD、whereD解析：题中解析：题中解析：题中解析：题中the schoolthe school是定语从句是定语从句是定语从句是定语从句先行词。先行词。先行词。先行词。in+which=where,in+which=where,因此选因此选因此选因此选D.D.试比较：试比较：试比较：试比较：This school is _ my This school is _ my father worked 20 years ago.father worked 20 years ago.A.where B.the one wherewhere B.the one whereB.C.that D.the one whichC.that D.the one whichB第12页第12页3、She will never forget the day_ she spent in Beijing.A、whenB、whatC、whichD、whyC解析：解析：解析：解析：the daythe day是定语从句先行词，是定语从句先行词，是定语从句先行词，是定语从句先行词，she spent in Beijingshe spent in Beijing中动词中动词中动词中动词spentspent是个及物动词，后接宾语，是个及物动词，后接宾语，是个及物动词，后接宾语，是个及物动词，后接宾语，the the day day 作动词作动词作动词作动词spentspent宾语。因此选宾语。因此选宾语。因此选宾语。因此选C.C.第13页第13页5、This is the factory_we visited last year.A、thatB、in whichC、whatD、the oneA解析：解析：解析：解析：the factorythe factory是定语从是定语从是定语从是定语从句先行词句先行词句先行词句先行词,用作宾语；从用作宾语；从用作宾语；从用作宾语；从句句句句we visited last yearwe visited last year中中中中visitvisit是个及物动词，后接是个及物动词，后接是个及物动词，后接是个及物动词，后接宾语，因此选宾语，因此选宾语，因此选宾语，因此选A.A.第14页第14页6、The text is one of the most interesting stories_learnt in the past three days.A、that haveB、that have beenC、which hasD、which has beenB解析：解析：解析：解析：storiesstories是定语是定语是定语是定语从句先行词从句先行词从句先行词从句先行词,同时同时同时同时storiesstories被最高级所被最高级所被最高级所被最高级所修饰，因此选修饰，因此选修饰，因此选修饰，因此选B.B.第15页第15页1、The college wont take anyone _ eyesight is weak.A、whoB、whoseC、of whomD、whichBExercises B第16页第16页1、Let me think of a proper situation _ this sentence can be used.A、whereB、thatC、of whomD、whichA第17页第17页2、The man _ you are talking is in the next room.A、to whomB、about whomC、about whoD、whomB第18页第18页3、I dont like the way _ he spoke to me.A、by thatB、whatC、by whichD、/D第19页第19页4、I，_ you good friend,will try my best to help you out.A、who is B、what is C、what am D、who am D第20页第20页5、This is the only thing _ I can do now.A、whatB、whichC、thatD、allC第21页第21页6、Those _ to take part in the game write down your names.A、whoB、who wantC、what wantsD、wantB第22页第22页7、His walking stick,_ he cant walk,was lost yesterday.A、thatB、with whichC、whichD、without whichD第23页第23页8、They have decided to finish their work,_,I think is a wise choice.A、thatB、whatC、whichD、whetherC第24页第24页9、This is the reason _ he told me.A、thatB、whyC、on whichD、for thatA第25页第25页10、This is the last factory _ he used to work at,many workers of _ still have a good relationship with him.A、that;itB、which;whomC、that;whichD、which;thatC第26页第26页11、There are three libraries in our school,_ were built five years ago.A、all of themB、either of themC、all of whichD、both of thatC第27页第27页12、He told me the reason _ he didnt come here.A、whichB、thatC、whyD、whatC第28页第28页13、Which of the two cows _ you keep produces more milk?A、whichB、thatC、whatD、asB第29页第29页