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LESSON 37-38 Making a bookcase
本课我们将开始接触到英语的第三个时态,一般将来时,
一、概念:表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态.在句中一般有以下时间状语:
tonight,in the future,tomorrow, next day(week, month, year…),soon, the day after tomorrow(后天),
在将来时中, in+段时间(在...之后)等,比如(in two hours 两个小时以后)
We are going to have a party the day after tomorrow. 我们后天要办一个聚会。
二、基本结构:
①主语+be going to + do;
其中的“be”动词要根据时态、人称的变化而作相应变化。
be动词 第一人称 第二人称 第三人称
单数 am are is
复数 are are are
We are going to clean the classroom after school. 我们放学将打扫教室。
He is going to come back in two hours. 他将在两小时后回来。
I am going to clean the table after lunch. 午饭后我将清理桌子。
二、否定句:
在be动词(am, is, are)后加not;
例如:I’m going to have a party this evening. 我们今天晚上将举办一个聚会。
→ I’m not going to have a party this evening.我们今天晚上不会举办一个聚会。
My mother is going to cook the meal for us. 妈妈将为我们做饭。
→My mother is not going to cook the meal for us.
They are going to have a rest after class. 他们将在课后休息一会儿。
→They are not going to have a rest after class.
三、一般疑问句:be提到句首,some改为any, 第一二人称互换(I 改成you; we 改成you)
例如:We are going to have a sports meeting this weekend. 这个周末我们将开运动会。
→ Are you going to have a sports meeting this weekend?
I am going to read some books tomorrow. 我明天将读一些书。
→Are you going to read any books tomorrow?
He is going to plant trees next week. 他下周将去植树。
→Is he going to plant trees next week?
四、对划线部分提问。一般情况,一般将来时的对划线部分有三种情况。
1. 问人。用疑问词Who 代替主语
例如:I’m going to New York soon. →Who’s going to New York soon?
2. 问干什么。What … do.
例如: My father is going to watch a match with me this afternoon.
→What is your father going to do with you this afternoon?
3. 问什么时候。When.
例如:She’s going to bed at nine. →When is she going to bed?
五、同义句:be going to = will
I am going to swim tomorrow. = I will go swimming tomorrow.
关于将来时如何用will ,我们在以后的课中会讲。
New words and expressions:
1, work
作为动词,意为 工作、劳动
Her father works in one of the factories in the town. 他父亲在小镇上的一家工厂工作。
I am going to work in the garden this afternoon. 今天下午我将在花园里工作。
You must work hard to pass the exam. 你必须努力学习以通过考试。
作为名词,意为:工作(不可数名词),职业,工作地点等
We have a lot of work to do today. 我们今天有许多工作要做。(work意为”工作”时,是不可数名词)
Do you want to go to the cinema after work? 你今天下班后像去看电影吗?
My dad is at work right now. 我爸爸现在正在工作。(be at work 正在工作,在上班)
相关短语:
work out :计算出,弄明白
Please work this bill out. 请把这份账单算出来。(bill 账单)
It is so difficult that I can not work it out. 这太难了,我都弄不明白。
2,make
作为动词v. : 制造,做,做出(某事),
Their factory makes cars. 他们工厂制造汽车。(their factory 是第三人称单数,谓语动词用makes)
English-made 英国制造的 Made in China中国制造
A family of mice made their nest in the roof. (房顶)
一窝老鼠在房顶上安了家。(made 是make的过去式,表示过去发生的动作用过去时)
Don’t make any mistake in the exam. 考试时别出错。(犯错误make a mistake)
Can you make a cake? 你会做蛋糕吗?
I am going to make you some sandwiches. 我将为你做点三明治。
作为名词:n. (产品的)牌子,品牌
What make is your car? 你的车是什么牌子的?
3, paint
作为名词n. 意为:油漆、涂料
a can of white paint 一罐白色油漆
Wet Paint. 油漆未干.
作为动词 v. 意为:给…上油漆,给…涂颜料
I am going to paint the door green. 我将把门刷成绿色。
The living room is painted in light blue and pink. 起居室被漆成淡蓝色和粉色。
相关词:
painter n. 画家
painting n. 绘画作品 There is a large painting of his father on the wall. 墙上有一幅他父亲的大肖像画。
4,favourite adj. 最喜欢的。 在美式英语中写成:favorite
Can we have some strawberries? They are my favourite.
给我来点草莓好吗?草莓是我的最爱。
What’s your favourite food? My favourite food is ice cream .
你喜欢的食品是什么?/你最喜欢吃什么? 我最喜欢吃冰激凌。
The little boy is always his father’s favourite. 这小男孩儿一直他父亲的宠儿。
5,listen v. (很留心地)听
注意:listen 是不及物动词,后面不可以直接跟名词,一定要加介词to 再跟名词或从句。
Listen to what I say. 听我说。
Please listen to the tape carefully. 请仔细听磁带。
只有在口语中,用于告诉某人你马上要说的话或者注意听不明显的声音,可以用如下形式:
Listen! I want you to come with me. 听着,我要你跟我一起去。
Listen! There is a strange noise. 听,有一种奇怪的声音。
练习(exercise):
一、填空。
1. 我打算明天和朋友去野炊。I ________ _______ _________ have a picnic with my friends.
2. 下个星期一你打算去干嘛? 我想去打篮球。
What ________ ________ _________ _________ _________ next Monday?
16、在北部天空的小熊座上有著名的北极星,可以借助大熊座比较容易地找到北极星。黑夜可以用北极星辨认方向。I _______ ________ _______ play basketball.
6、月球是一个不发光、不透明的球体,我们看到的月光是它反射太阳的光。
4、日常生活中我们应该如何减少垃圾的数量?3. 你妈妈这个周末去购物吗?是,她要去买一些水果。
13、1663年,英国科学家罗伯特.胡克用自制的复合显微镜观察一块软木薄片的结构,发现它们看上去像一间间长方形的小房间,就把它命名为细胞。 ________ your mother _______ ________ go shopping this ___________?
Yes, she _________. She ______ ________ __________ buy some fruit.
5、草蛉是蚜虫的天敌,七星瓢虫吃蚜虫,蜻蜓吃蚊子。
答:当地球运行到月球和太阳的中间,如果地球挡住了太阳射向月球的光,便发生月食。4. 你们打算什么时候见面?What time _______ you _________ __________ meet?
答:说明米饭不是甜的,但米饭含有淀粉,在我们咀嚼的过程中发生了变化,变得有甜味了。
二、改句子。
5. Nancy is going to go camping.(改否定) Nancy ________ going to go camping.
6. I’m going to get up at 6:30 tomorrow.(改一般疑问句)
11、显微镜的发明,是人类认识世界的一大飞跃,把有类带入了一个崭新的微观世界。为了看到更小的物体,人们又研制出了电子显微镜和扫描隧道显微镜。电子显微镜可把物体放大到200万倍。________ _______ ________ to get up at 6:30 tomorrow?
12、太阳是太阳系里唯一发光的恒星,直径是1400000千米。
7. She is going to listen to music after school.(对划线部分提问)
第二单元 物质的变化________ _______ she ________ ________ _________ after school?
8. My father and mother are going to see a play the day after tomorrow.(同上)
_________ _________ going to see a play the day after tomorrow?
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