2023中考英语阅读理解经典例题经典.doc

2023中考英语阅读理解经典例题经典一、中考英语阅读理解（含答案详细解析）1阅读短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 Are you afraid of going to the dentist （牙医）? If so, youre not alone. These fears could just be in our heads, however. According to a recent survey by Martin Tickle, a professor at Manchester University in the UK, the pain isnt felt most of the time in dental surgeries （牙科手术）. In fact. among the 451 interviewed patients, 75 reported no pain at all during their visits, including situations when they had their teeth pulled out. Could it be the sound of the drill （钻头）then? I found that the sound of drilling can evoke deep worry in dental patients. Actually they dont have any pain. Hiroyuki Karibe, a scientist at Nippon Dental University in Tokyo, told the Guardian. To find the reason why a drill might bring on a racing heart, Karibe divided the volunteers into low-fear and high-fear groups based on how much they feared a trip to the dentist. Volunteers were played the sound of a drill while their brain activities were watched by a machine. What Karibe found in the low-fear group was increased activity in the areas of the brain relative to auditory processing （听觉处理）, which means, for these people, the sound of dental drills is no different from other sounds In the high-fear group, however, the brain area that was activated （激活） was different. It was the area that carries out a number of duties, including learning, feelings and, most importantly, memory. This means that these volunteers not only heard the sound, but they remembered it-they made connections between the sound of a drill and the worry it produced in the past, causing their worry to return. Understanding how brains reply to the sounds of dentists drills could help scientists find ways to make patients more relaxed, according to Karibe, because patients who worry about going to the dentist might keep putting off their visits. But the best way is to keep your teeth healthy.（1）How does the writer explain that the pain isnt felt most of the time in dental surgeries? A.By showing facts with numbers.B.By asking questions one by one.C.By giving examples group by group.D.By comparing results of patients.（2）According to the fourth paragraph, what does the word evoke mean in Chinese? A.减轻B.引起C.显示D.阻止（3）How did the sound of drilling produce different results to the volunteers in the study? A.It produced some worry in the volunteers in the low-fear groupB.For the low-fear group, it activated the brain area dealing with learning, feelings and memoryC.For the high-fear group, it caused more activities in the brain area relative to auditory processing.D.It made people in the high-fear group remember their past uncomfortable memories（4）What is the last paragraph mainly about? A.How the study might be useful.B.Some new ways to treat teethC.The proper way to treat dental patients.D.The importance of keeping our teeth healthy.（5）Whats the purpose of the passage? A.To show us different areas of fear in brains.B.To introduce us a recent survey by a scientist.C.To help us have less fear of a trip to the dentist.D.To make it clear that the sound of drilling is not terrible.【答案】 （1）A（2）B（3）D（4）A（5）B 【解析】【分析】主要讲了理解大脑对牙医的钻头声的反应可以帮助科学家找到让病人更放松的方法。 （1）细节题。根据In fact. among the 451 interviewed patients, 75 reported no pain at all during their visits, including situations when they had their teeth pulled out.可知采访了451人，75%说一点不疼，可知用数字说明事实，故选A。 （2）细节题。根据后文To find the reason why a drill might bring on a racing heart可知是发现钻头引起担心的原因，所以意思是引起，故选B。 （3）细节题。根据but they remembered it-they made connections between the sound of a drill and the worry it produced in the past, causing their worry to return可知让他们记住过去的担心忧虑，故选D。 （4）细节题，根据Understanding how brains reply to the sounds of dentists drills could help scientists find ways to make patients more relaxed可知理解大脑对牙医的钻头声的反应可以帮助科学家找到让病人更放松的方法，即研究是有用的，故选A。 （5）细节题。根据全文可知主要讲了理解大脑对牙医的钻头声的反应可以帮助科学家找到让病人更放松的方法。，即介绍科学家的一项最近的研究，故选B。 【点评】考查阅读理解，主要考查细节题，注意从文中仔细寻找答案。2根据短文内容，判断句子正误。 Alice was a student in a secondary school. The school was on the other side of the street from my house. Every day. I watched her play basketball after school from my house. She played very well, much better than any other of her classmates. And she never stopped. She practised over and over again, sometimes until it was very dark. One day, I asked her, why do you practise so hard? You are playing very well. Thats because I want to play in the city basketball team, she looked at me and said proudly. But Im still not good enough. I must work hard. I was moved by her great courage. Another day, I saw her crying on the grass, instead of playing basketball. I walked across the street and sat down by her side. Why are you crying, girl? I asked. The coach of the city basketball team told me that I couldnt go on playing basketball because I was too short. But some days later, I saw her playing basketball again, practising even harder than before. I was curious（好奇的） and asked her the reason. My father told me if my dream is big enough, nothing can stop me. I was moved again.（1）Alices school was not far away from the writers home. （2）The writer was touched when he heard what Alice said in the third paragraph. （3）From the passage we know Alice was a hard-working girl. （4）Alices father told her that she was too short to go on playing basketball. （5）Alice might give up playing basketball according to the last paragraph. 【答案】 （1）1（2）1（3）1（4）0（5）0 【解析】【分析】本文讲述了Alice因为不能继续打篮球，非常难过。 （1）推理题。根据 I watched her play basketball after school from my house 放学后，我在家看她打篮球 ， 可知爱丽丝的学校离作家的家不远 ， 故正确。 （2）细节题。根据 I was moved by her great courage ， 可知当作者听到爱丽丝所说的话时，他很感动 ， 故正确。 （3）推理题。根据She practised over and over again, sometimes until it was very dark她一遍又一遍地练习，有时直到天黑 ， 可知从文章中我们知道爱丽丝是一个勤奋的女孩 ， 故正确。 （4）细节题。根据 The coach of the city basketball team told me that I couldnt go on playing basketball because I was too short 教练告诉我，我不能继续打篮球，因为我太矮了，可知爱丽丝的父亲告诉她，她太矮了，不能继续打篮球是错的 ， 故错误。 （5）推理题。根据 nothing can stop m没有什么能阻止我，可知爱丽丝可能会放弃打篮球是错的 ， 故错误。 【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息。3阅读理解 At Christmas, different countries celebrate Christmas in different ways. Here are some interesting activities in different countries.Australia Read poems and stories with Australian Christmas themes. List the traditional food eaten at Christmas at home. Ask five people what they think the meaning of Christmas is and record their answers.Germany In German kitchens, lots of desserts are baked for the holidays! Traditionally on Christmas Eve, the father decorates the tree alone in the morning. The mother spends the morning decorating the home and cooking a small meal. Some choose to serve a salad or a potato salad with some meat. The family goes to church in the morning and comes home to have their Christmas dinner. Friends or relatives are often invited to join them. Those who could not be invited the day before can then come on this day to celebrate with the family.Canada When you hear Christmas songs in public, smile and sing along. Put Christmas lights on your house. Hang mistletoe（槲寄生） and some flowers in the doorway. Go with your family to the local Christmas tree farm to cut down your own or buy a Christmas tree. Pick out a Christmas tree that fits your house.（1）Who may do some reading on Christmas Day? A.The Chinese.B.The Australians.C.The Canadians.D.The Germans.（2）Where can we see any flowers on Christmas Day? A.In England.B.In Germany.C.In Australia,D.In Canada.（3）Where may the material come from? A.A diary.B.A dictionary.C.A newspaper.D.A notebook.【答案】 （1）B（2）D（3）C 【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文介绍了澳大利亚、德国和加拿大三个国家过圣诞节时的一些风俗习惯。涉及的风俗习惯有唱圣诞歌以及装饰圣诞树等。 （1）细节理解题。根据对应的句子“Read poems and stories with Australian Christmas themes.”可知，在澳大利亚，人们会阅读以圣诞节为主题的诗歌和故事，故答案为B。 （2）细节理解题。根据对应的句子“Hang mistletoe and some flowers in the doorway.”可知，在加拿大，人们过圣诞节的时候可以看到花，故答案为D。 （3）推理判断题。本文介绍了三个国家过圣诞节时的一些风俗习惯，合适的出处是“报纸”，故答案为C。 【点评】考查阅读理解。本文考查细节题，推理判断题等常考题型，细节题要注意从文中抓住关键词寻找答案；推理判断题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出正确选项。4阅读下列短文，从每题所给的选项中选出最佳答案。 The winter holiday is usually a good time to sleep in. But Gao Yuqi, a 14-year-old boy from Anhui, got up at 7: 00 am to run at least 2 kilometers every day during the holiday. In fact, this exercise was part of this homework. Gao was not alone. Many schools across the country required students to exercise during the winter holiday. Part of the reason is that physical education test scores are now worth more on the senior high school entrance examination （中考）. And the score is now worth up to 60 points. Because of this, Gaos school now asks students to run when the weather is nice, and exercise indoors if it is bad. Students have to post（公布）exercise photos in their classes QQ groups. At the Golden Apple Jincheng No. 1 Middle School in Chengdu, students have daily exercise plans. For example, they have to skip rope（跳绳） for two minutes and do three sets of situps（仰卧起坐） each day. Their parents sign off（签名）on their plans when they finish exercising. This has been a big challenge for many students, but has also helped to make exercise a bigger part of their lives. Many students like Gao used to hate running, but now they are able to run for over half an hour every day. They fell in love with exercise during the holiday.（1）How many kilometers did Gao Yuqi run every day during the holiday？ A.At least one kilometer.B.At least two kilometers.C.At least three kilometers.D.At least four kilometers.（2）What did the schools require the students to do during the winter holiday？ A.To exercise.B.To be volunteers.C.To have a rest.D.To do a survey.（3）What do the students have to do when they finish exercising in Gaos school？ A.To call their tea.B.To put their plans online.C.To ask their parents to sign off on their plans.D.To post exercise photos in their classes QQ groups.（4）Which of the following is not mentioned in the passage？ A.Skipping rope.B.Swimming.C.Situp.D.Running.（5）What is the passage mainly about？ A.How to exercise during the winter holiday.B.Exercising is a big challenge for many students.C.Physical education test scores are important now.D.Exercising is becoming part of students homework.【答案】 （1）B（2）A（3）D（4）B（5）D 【解析】【分析】短文大意：这篇短文讲的是为了中考成绩，孩子们在寒假进行锻炼身体，他们建立了QQ群，在全职公布锻炼图片，这对于很多孩子们来说是一个挑战，但是他们爱上假期锻炼。 （1）细节理解题。根据But Gao Yuqi， a 14-year-old boy from Anhui， got up at 7：00 am to run at least 2 kilometers every day during the holiday，但是来自安徽的14岁男孩高玉琦，在假期中每天早上7点起床至少跑2公里。可知，他每天跑至少2公里。故选B。 （2）细节理解题。根据Many schools across the country required students to exercise during the winter holiday，全国许多学校都要求学生在寒假期间锻炼身体。可知，学校要求学生在寒假期间做运动，故选A。 （3）细节理解题。根据 Students have to post（公布）exercise photos in their classes QQ groups，学生们必须在班上的QQ小组中张贴（公开）锻炼照片，可知，学生们在高老师的学校里锻炼完后，在班上的QQ小组张贴练习照片。故选D。 （4）细节理解题。根据For example，they have to skip rope（跳绳） for two minutes and do three sets of sit-ups（仰卧起坐） each day， 例如，他们必须跳绳两分钟，每天做三套仰卧起坐，以及Many students like Gao used to hate running， but now they are able to run for over half an hour every day，许多像高这样的学生过去讨厌跑步，但现在他们每天都能跑半个多小时。可以推测出没有游泳，故选B。 （5）主旨大意题。根据 In fact，this exercise was part of this homework，事实上，这种练习是家庭作业的一部分。结合选项A，寒假如何锻炼身体。B，锻炼对许多学生来说是一个很大的挑战。C，体育考试成绩现在很重要。D，运动正在成为学生家庭作业的一部分。可以推测这篇文章的主要内容是：运动正在成为学生家庭作业的一部分。故选D。 【点评】此题考查阅读理解。首先要掌握问题的类型，客观信息题可以从文章中直接找到答案。对于文章的主旨大意题，要根据文章的中心思想确定。5阅读材料，然后从各题所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。 A zero-waste life is a lifestyle that hardly creates any rubbish. So, a zero-waste store is about providing a kind of everyday and pleasant-looking zero-waste products to help people start on a zero-waste life journey. Zero waste or danshari was first suggested by a French woman called Bea Johnson. Her idea is: live a life and try not to create any rubbish; use different kinds of ways to save the environment such as stopping the use of one-off objects; giving unwanted things to others or giving them away to organizations like the Red Cross. Yu Yuan, 27, is deeply interested in this idea. She and her boyfriend have lived in Beijing for many years. And earlier she used to buy things without thinking about them carefully until she saw a video about zero waste, in which a family of four placed the rubbish they produced every year in a jar （罐）. After watching the video, Yu wanted to experience this zero-waste lifestyle with her boyfriend. A zero-waste life follows the 6R rule-Refuse Reduce, Reuse, Repair, Recycle and Rot. Over August-October when Yu followed the rule of zero waste 6R, she and her boyfriend Joe Harvey both produced only two cans of rubbish. Now, the couple have opened a small shop in Beijing, where they use wood products to take the place of plastic ones and cloth bags printed with environmentally friendly logos. Most products sold in the store can be reused. The store also has second-hand books and CDs/DVDs with, ideas to make the best of the used things. Those who once experienced the non-waste lifestyle have slowly changed their ideas, says Ya, The zero-waste lifestyle is not for ascetics （苦行僧）. It is just around us at our finger-tips. Yu expects some of her friends to join her on the road to zero waste.（1）Bea Johnson suggests that people should _. A.try to produce no rubbish in lifeB.share objects with othersC.help their friends live comfortablyD.work hard for the Red Cross（2）We can see from the passage that Yu Yuan _. A.offers plastic bags in her storeB.is influenced by the 6R ruleC.often buys things she doesnt needD.likes listening to CDs very much（3）What Yu Yuan says in the last paragraph probably means that _. A.lots of people doubt the zero-waste lifestyleB.she feels it hard to continue her lifestyleC.her friends have followed her lifestyleD.the zero-waste lifestyle is not difficult to live（4）Which of the following is the best title for the passage? A.Opening up a second-hand storeB.Recycling wasteC.Saving the environmentD.Joining the couple【答案】 （1）A（2）B（3）D（4）C 【解析】【分