小升初小学英语阅读理解五大常见题型(附解题技巧)+专项训练练习题(含答案解析).doc

小升初小学英语阅读理解五大常见题型(附解题技巧)在小学阶段，阅读理解题型灵活多样，但主要有五种题型，不同的题型其实也是有不同解题技巧的。一、读一读，然后选一选 这种题型的特点是在短文后给出若十个不完整的句子或若干个根据短文内容提出的问题，针对每一题都提供三到四个备选的答案，要求同学们在正确理解短文内容的基础上，从选项中选出一个正确的答案。这类试题的问题一般是紧扣短文内容编排的，既会涉及文章中的细节内容，如文中出现的人物、时间、地点、事件的前因后果等；也会涉及文章中某个词或某个句子的含义以及文章的主旨、大意和标题等。The big day comes at last!Mrs Jonesthird grade students are waiting quietly for her to come into the classroom. Today Amy brings some cakes, Joy brings some napkins, Carlos brings some soda water and Kate brings some cups. Everyone wants the party to he a surprise. Mrs Jones doesnt know the children have known today is her birthday. When she comes into the classroom, the children shout, “Happy birthday, Mrs Jones!”And then the children get a surprise,too. Mrs Jones brings everyone a party hat and an ice cream!阅读短文，选择最佳答案。( ) 1. Mrs Jonesgrade students are waiting for her. A. three B.third C.No.3 D.the third( )2. Carlos brings some一 A. cola B.napkins C.soda water D.cups( )3 brings some cakes. A. Amy B.Carlos C.Joey D.Kate分析题1短文的第二句话告诉我们是琼斯老师的三年级的学生们正静静地等候她的到来。在年级前面应该用序数词来表示，如果是在年级后面就应该用基数词表示。如：the third grade,=Grade Three.同时因为前面有定语Mrs Jones，所以这里也应该不要the。题2.3 短文介绍了几个同学分别带了一些东西。卡洛斯带了soda water（汽水），艾米带了蛋糕。正确答案：1B 2C 3A二、读一读，然后判断句子正误该题型的特点是在短文后给出若干个句子，要求同学们根据短文内容，判断所给的句子意思是否与原文相符。做这类题应该联系短文内容进行发挥，主要是考查对意思相近或相反的几个句子进行鉴别、判断，或是变换词语、句子结构来测试同种意思的不同表达。There are some public numbers. Do you know when to use these numbers? 110 is a number for calling policeman when you have niet some illegal things. 119 is a number using for a fire accident. 120 is a number for asking medical help when somebody is serious ill or hurt. Please do not dial these numbers for fun. It is forbidden. 阅读短文，判断正(T)误(F)。( )1. When you meet some thieves, you can call 110.( )2. Somebody is serious ill, you can call 119.( )3. There is a fire ac:cident in vour building, so you can call 119.( )4.A girl was hurt by a car, you can call 120.分析这篇短文是介绍几个常用电话号码的用法。读懂就会判断句子的正误了。题l 意思是当你遇到小偷的时候，你应该拔打110。110是遇到违法事件时的报警号码，所以判断它是正确的。题2意思是有人得了重病，你应该拔打119。1 19是发生火灾时的求救号码，所以判断它是错误的。题3意思是当你的房子发生了火灾，你应该拨打119。可以判断它是正确的题4意思是一个女孩被汽车撞了，你应该拔打120。120是请求医疗急救的号码，应该先送她去医院+，所以可以判断它是正确的。正确答案：1.T 2.F 3.T 4.T三、读一读，然后回答问题这种题型要求根据所提的问题写出完整、正确的句子。这样的题目听起来似乎很难，其实真正做起来却很简单。回答问题时，句子越简单越好，答案应简洁明了，能用一个词，就不用两个词，只要能说明问题就行。There are seven days in a week. They are Sunday, Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday, Friday and Saturday. Sunday is the first day of the week. Saturday and Sunday are the weekend. Usually, we have a rest on the weekends. The other five days are weekdays. We usually go to school or work during weekdays. Nobody likes Monday, because we have a good time on Sunday and we dont want to study or work any more.阅读短文，然后根据短文内容回答问题。1. How many days are there in a week?2What are they?3. What is the first day of the week?4What is the weekend？5. When do we usually go to school?分析题1 问一周有几天。用一个seven就可以回答了。题2问分别是哪几天。短文第二句已经给我们答案了。题3记住一周的第一天是星期天而不是星期一。题4周末是星期六和星期天。题5 问我们通常什么时候上学。应该是工作日了。正确答案：1There are seven.2They are Sunday, Monday, Tuesclay, Wednesday, Thursday, Friday and Saturday.3.Sunday.4.Saturday and Sunday.5.During weekdays.四、读一读，然后根据短文内容填空该题型的特点是在短文后给出一篇经过改写或缩写后与原短文意思相同的短文或几个句子，在短文或句子中均留有若干个空格，要求同学们在每一个空格处填上一个词，使短文或句子所表达的意思与原短文的内容一致。The English people like take-away food. The most popular food is fish and chips. They usually go to a fish and chips shop. They put the food in paper bags, and take it home, or to their work place. At lunch time, many people eat takeaway food in thepark. Chinese take-away food is also very popular in England. People in the USA and Australia like Chinese take-away food, too. But the most popular food in the USA is fried chicken.阅读短文，然后填空。1. The most popular food in England is_.2. They put the food in_ ,and take it home, or to their work place.3. At lunch time, many people eat_food in the park.4. Chinese take-away food is also very_ in England.5. The most popular food in the USA is_一分析题l 第二句话告诉我们最受英国人欢迎的食物是鱼和薯片。题2第四句话告诉我们他们把食物装进纸袋里，然后带回家或工作的地方。题3短文还告诉我们在午餐的时候，很多人喜欢在公园里吃可携带食物。题4第二段告诉我们中国的可携带食物在英国也很受欢迎。 题5最后一句话告诉我们在美国，最受欢迎的食物是炸鸡。正确答案：1fish and chips 2paper bags 3take-away4popular 5fried chiken五、读一读，然后画一画该题型要求同学们先读懂短文，然后根据短文内容画与短文内容相关的。要注意短文中提到的一些东西要在画中体现出来。Aunt Mary is coming, but Toms mother is too busy to pick her up. So she asks Tom to pick aunt Mary up. But Tom did not meet her for a long time. So his mother asks Tom to find as following: She is at the bus station. She is a tall woman with long blac:k hair. She is wearing a green dress, a brown hat and a pair of boots. She is holding a handbag. Can Tom find herl 根据汤姆的妈妈的描述给玛丽阿姨画一幅画，以便汤姆更容易找到她。分析短文的第二段告诉我们玛丽阿姨的肖像特点是：a tall woman with long black hair（长长的黑头发的高个子的妇女），wearing a green dress，a brown hat and a pair of boots（穿着一件绿色的裙子，头戴一顶棕色的帽子，脚穿一 双靴子），holding a handbag（拿着一个手提包）。读懂了这些，就不难画出 这幅画了。可不要忘记了涂色哦！总之，英语阅读理解的解题技巧可以归纳为以下几点：1假如文章很长，题目很少，我们可以采取略读的方法先简单读一遍，然后带着问题去查阅，这样相信你一定能找到答案。2假如文章很短，而题目义很多的话，我们则应该先仔细阅读短文，再去做题。遇到想不起来的，可以带着该问题去查阅有关细节。3如果问题要求解答数字、人名、地名、时间等，可以直接用查阅的方法来寻求答案，也可以先略读然后再查阅。二、阅读理解2阅读理解阅读理解 A brown duck meets a sad cat and asks him, Please tell me, OK? I can do a lot of things for you. Oh, no. You cant. The cat shakes his head and goes away. The duck keeps up with the cat and asks him again. The cat cries, I want to buy some flowers for my mother on Mothers Day. But I cant find the flowers. The duck claps his hands happily, I see. I can help you.The duck points to the other side of the river and says, Look there. There are many beautiful flowers. So the cat climbs up a tree, Wow, how beautiful they are! But I cant swim. How can I get there? The cat is worried. The duck says, Dont worry. I can swim. You can just sit on my back.In the river, the duck tells the cat, If we help each other, we can do many things.（1）The duck is _. A.blackB.brownC.white（2）The duck asks the cat for _ time(s). A.oneB.twoC.three（3）The cat wants some _ for her mother. A.foodB.coatsC.flowers（4）Where is the flowers? A.On the other side of the river.B.In the river.C.On the tree.（5）How does the cat cross the river? A.He sits in a boat.B.He climbs on the tree.C.He sits on the ducks back.【答案】 （1）B（2）B（3）C（4）A（5）C 【考点】阅读理解 【解析】【分析】这是一篇鸭子帮助猫过河摘花的故事。 （1）根据短文叙述 A brown duck meets a sad cat （一只棕色的鸭子遇到了一只伤心的猫咪。）可知鸭子是棕色的，B选项正确。故答案为：B。 （2）根据短文叙述在第一段鸭子询问了猫“asks him ”，在第二段又询问了猫“asks him again. ”可知是两次。故答案为：B。 （3）根据短文叙述 I want to buy some flowers for my mother on Mothers Day. 可知猫想要一些花。C选项正确。故答案为：C。 （4）根据短文叙述 The duck points to the other side of the river and says, Look there. There are many beautiful flowers. 可知在河的对岸有许多花。A选项正确。故答案为：A。 （5）根据短文叙述 The duck says, Dont worry. I can swim. You can just sit on my back. 可知是在鸭子背上过河。C选项正确。故答案为：C。 【点评】这是考查阅读理解的题目。仔细阅读短文，然后根据短文的相关叙述来回答题目所给的问题即可。3阅读理解阅读短文，判断下列句子正误 Every kind of animals has their own way to live well in winter. In winter, the weather gets colder and colder. There is snow on the ground. Some animals sleep all the winter. These animals eat plenty of food in autumn. They need little or no food when they sleep. Some birds fly to the south for winter. They go to a warmer place to look for food. Some animals get much food in autumn and keep it at home. They may grow new and thick fur in autumn, too. Then they can feel warmer. In winter some animals live in the trees or under the ground.（1）Every kind of animals has their own way to live well in winter. （2）In winter, the weather gets warmer and warmer. （3）Some animals eat plenty of food in autumn and sleep all the winter. （4）Some birds fly to the north for winter. （5）In winter some animals live in the trees or under the ground. 【答案】 （1）1（2）0（3）1（4）0（5）1 【考点】阅读理解 【解析】【分析】这是讲述动物如何过冬的短文。 （1）句意：每种动物都用自己的方法在冬季获得好。根据短文句子（每种动物都用自己的方法在冬季获得好。）可知题目叙述正确。故答案为：正确。 （2）句意：在冬季，天气变得越来越暖和。根据短文叙述 In winter, the weather gets colder and colder. （在冬季天气变得越来越冷。）可知题目叙述错误。故答案为：错误。 （3）句意：一些动物在秋季吃大量的食物，整个冬季都在睡觉。根据短文叙述 Some animals sleep all the winter. These animals eat plenty of food in autumn. （一些动物整个冬季都在睡觉。这些动物在秋季吃大量的食物。）可知题目叙述正确。故答案为：正确。 （4）句意：一些鸟飞到北方过冬。根据短文叙述（一些鸟飞到南方过冬。）可知题目叙述错误。故答案为：错误。 （5）句意：在冬季一些动物住在树里或地下。根据短文叙述 In winter some animals live in the trees or under the ground. （在冬季一些动物住在树里或地下。）可知题目叙述正确。故答案为：正确。 【点评】这是考查阅读理解的题目。仔细阅读短文，然后根据短文的细节叙述来判断正误。4阅读理解阅读短文，判断下列句子与短文内容是否一致 Western people like to say Thank you when other people help them or say something kind to them. Please and Thank you are magic words that can show your good manners. You should say Thank you when someone passes you something. You should say Thank you too when someone walks ahead of you and keeps the door open for you. And also, when someone says you have done your work well, or you have bought a nice thing, or your city is very beautiful, you would say Thank you. The magic words are not only for your friends, but also for your family. Excuse me is another way to show your good manner. When you hear someone say Excuse me behind you, you will know somebody wants to pass by you without touching you. If some people are talking, its impolite to interrupt them. Youd better say the magic words first, and then begin talking. Lets say more about these magic words Thank you please and Excuse me in our life.（1）Western people like to say Thank you when other people help them or say something kind to them. （2）Please and Thank you are magic words that can show your good manners. （3）Excuse me is another way to show your good manner. （4）If some people are talking, you can interrupt them. （5）Lets say more about these magic words Thank you please and Excuse me in our life. 【答案】 （1）1（2）1（3）1（4）0（5）1 【考点】阅读理解 【解析】【分析】大意：短文讲述了西方人礼貌用语和行为。 （1）句意：西方人喜欢在别人帮助他们或对他们说好话时说“谢谢你”。根据 Western people like to say Thank you when other people help them or say something kind to them. 可知西方人喜欢在别人帮助他们或对他们说好话时说“谢谢你”。，故答案为正确。 （2）句意：“拜托”和“谢谢”是能显示你礼貌的神奇词语。根据 Please and Thank you are magic words that can show your good manners. 可知拜托”和“谢谢”是能显示你礼貌的神奇词语。故答案为正确。 （3）句意：“对不起”是另一种表现你良好举止的方式。根据 Excuse me is another way to show your good manner. 可知“对不起”，是另一种表现你良好举止的方式。故答案为正确。 （4）句意：如果有人在说话，你可以打断他们。根据 If some people are talking, its impolite to interrupt them. 可知如果有人在说话，打断他们是不礼貌的，故答案为错误。 （5）句意：让我们多说一些生活中的“谢谢你”、“请”和“对不起”这两个神奇的词。根据 Lets say more about these magic words Thank you please and Excuse me in our life. 可知让我们多说一些生活中的“谢谢你”、“请”和“对不起”这两个神奇的词，故答案为正确。 【点评】本题考查了阅读理解，先翻译短文，然后根据短文内容，判断句子正确或错误。 5阅读理解阅读理解 Thanksgiving is a family holiday in autumn in Canada and the USA. In Canada, Thanksgiving is in October. In the USA, it is in November. On Thanksgiving, people have a big dinner with their family. They usually eat roast turkey and other delicious food. They also tell Thanksgiving stories and give thanks to their friends and families. In China, we also have a family holiday in autumn. It is Mid-Autumn Festival. People get together with their families to have a big dinner, too. They eat mooncakes, talk happily and enjoy looking at the beautiful round moon. Mooncakes are round like the full moon. Some people cannot go back home, but they can look at the moon and think about their families.（1）When is Thanksgiving? （2）What people usually eat at Thanksgiving? （3）What does the mooncake look like？ （4）What is the common point between Thanksgiving and Mid-Autumn Festival? 【答案】 （1）In October or November.（2）They usually eat roast turkey and other delicious food.（3）Mooncakes are round like the full moon.（4）People get together have a big dinner with their families. 【考点】阅读理解 【解析】【分析】大意：短文讲述了感恩节和中秋节。 （1）句意：感恩节是什么时候？根据 In Canada, Thanksgiving is in October. In the USA, it is in November. 可知加拿大或美国，感恩节是在十月或十一月，故答案为 In October or November. （2）句意：感恩节人们通常吃什么？根据 They usually eat roast turkey and other delicious food. 可知通常他们吃烤火鸡和其他美味的食物，故答案为 They usually eat roast turkey and other delicious food. （3）句意：月饼是什么样的？根据 Mooncakes are round like the full moon. 可知月饼圆得像满月，故答案为 Mooncakes are round like the full moon. （4）句意：感恩节和中秋节的共同点是什么？根据 On Thanksgiving, people have a big dinner with their family. People get together with their families to have a big dinner, too. 可知人们聚在一起，与家人共进晚餐，故答案为 People get together have a big dinner with their families. 【点评】本题考查了阅读理解，首先通读短文，理解大意；其次阅读题干，根据题干信息找出相关句进行回答。 6阅读理解根据短文内容判断下列各句的正误 Dear Cindy, Please come to my twelfth birthday party at 6:00 p.m. on Saturday. Now I will tell you how to come to my home. Start from the hospital behind your home. Turn right at the hospital. Then go straight for 10 minutes. After that, turn left at the library. My home is near the library. Its in a yellow building. My home is on the ninth floor.Yours,Lucy（1）Lucy is eleven years old. （2）Cindys home is in front of the hospital. （3）Cindy should turn left at the hospital. （4）Lucys home is near the library. （5）Lucy lives on the tenth floor. 【答案】 （1）0（2）1（3）0（4）1（5）0 【考点】阅读理解 【解析】【分析】大意：露西写给辛迪信件，告诉露西来参加她的十二岁生日聚会，聚会的时间，地点，怎样到达露西家。 （1）句意：露西十一岁了。根据 Please come to my twelfth birthday party at 6:00 p.m. on Saturday. 可知露西十二岁了。故答案为错误。 （2）句意：辛迪的家在医院前面。根据 Start from the hospital behind your home. 可知辛迪的家在医院前面。故答案为正确。 （3）句意：辛迪应该在医院左转。根据 Turn right at the hospital. 可知辛迪应该在医院右转。故答案为错误。 （4）句意：露西的家在图书馆附近。根据 My home is near the library. 可知露西的家在图书馆附近。故答案为正确。 （5）句意：露西住在十楼。根据 My home is on the ninth floor. 可知露西住在九楼。故答案为错误。 【点评】本题考查了阅读理解，先翻译信件内容，然后根据信件内容，判断句子正确或错误。 7阅读理解读短文，判断下列句子与短文内容是否相符。 Tom was a very lazy boy when he was eleven years old. He didnt like doing anything. He had to go to school on weekdays, but he didnt study hard in the class and didnt do any homework after school. His father and mother were both doctors, and back then they hoped Tom could become a doctor, too. But one day, Tom said to his mother, When I finish school, I want to be a cleaner. A cleaner? his mother asked. Thats not a very good job. Why do you want to become a cleaner? Because then I would only have to work one day a week, Tom said happily. Only one day a week? his mother was very surprised. Why do you say that? And how do you know? Well, Tom said, I know that the cleaner comes to our house to work only on Thursday because I see her only on that day.（1）Tom is seven years old now. （2）Tom studied very h