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专项训练名词性从句经典例题含答案解析
一、初中英语名词性从句
1.______ is our belief that improvements in health care will lead to a stronger, more prosperous economy.
A. Which B. What C. It D. As
【答案】 C
【解析】【分析】句意:医疗保健的进步将促进一个更强大、更繁荣的经济,这是我们的信念。that引导的是主语从句,故空格处应该用it作形式主语,代替真正的that引导的主语从句。故答案选C。
【点评】考查it的用法,以及主语从句的应用。
2.___ surprised me most was ____the girl passed the driver test.
A. That; that B. What; how C. What; that D. That; why
【答案】 C
【解析】【分析】句意:最让我吃惊的是那个女孩通过了驾驶考试。 ___ surprised me most 是一个主语从句,从句中缺少主语,故填what; ____the girl passed the driver test是一个表语从句,句中不缺少成分,故填that。因此选C。
【点评】考查名词性从句,本题涉及what引导的主语从句和that引导的表语从句。
3._______is known to us all is that Johnson broke his promise ______ he would come to help me as soon as possible.
A. It; that B. What; that C. As; which D. What; which
【答案】 B
【解析】【分析】句意:我们都知道,Johnson违背了他会尽快来帮助我的诺言。分析句子结构可知,第一空为主语从句,从句中缺少主语,所以用what,第二空为同位语从句,从句结构完整,所以用that解释promise的内容,故选B。
【点评】考查名词性从句,本题涉及主语从句和同位语从句。
4.________ manners are very important in every country is known to all,but the trouble is that different countries have different ideas about ________ good manners are.
A. That; what B. That; that C. What; that D. What; what
【答案】 A
【解析】【分析】句意:众说周知,礼貌在每一个国家中都是非常重要的,但是麻烦是,不同的国家对于什么是良好的礼貌有着不同的认识。逗号前有两个谓语动词,一个是are,一个是is known,故是两句话,需填连词连接这两句话,根据句意可知,前面是主语从句,故填that,此处的that,只起连接作用不作任何成分。about是介词,其后是个句子故应填连词把这两句话连接起来,所缺词作are的表语,故填what。因此选A。
【点评】考查名词性从句,本题涉及that引导的主语从句和what引导的宾语从句。
5.______excited Jenny most was ______ she finally succeeded in ______seemed to be the most difficult exam to him.
A. That; that; which B. What; that; what C. That; because; that D. What; because; which
【答案】 B
【解析】【分析】句意:珍妮最兴奋的是对他来说似乎是最困难的考试,她终于成功了。 ______excited Jenny most是主语从句,从句中缺少主语,因此用关系代词what ; _____ she finally succeeded in ...是表语从句,从句中不缺少成分,因此用引导词that; ______seemed to be the most difficult exam to him. 是宾语从句,从句中缺少主语,因此用关系代词what , 故选B。
【点评】考查名词性从句,本题涉及主语从句,表语从句和宾语从句。
6._______ is troubling me is ______ I don't understand ________ he said
A. What; that; what B. What; what; what C. That; that; what D. Why; that; which
【答案】 A
【解析】【分析】句意:我烦恼的是我不明白他说的话。第一空是主语从句,从句中缺主语,要用What;第二空是表语从句,从句不缺成分,所以要填that;第三空是宾语从句,从句中的动词understand缺宾语,要填what。故选A。
【点评】考查名词性从句,本题涉及主语从句,表语从句和宾语从句的应用。
7._______ makes me feel worried is _______ singing stars are centered on by masses of teenagers today.
A. What; what B. That; that C. What; that D. That; what
【答案】 C
【解析】【分析】句意:让我感到担忧的是,今天的歌星是以青少年为中心的。分析句子可知,主语从句中的谓语动词makes 缺少主语,主语从句中缺少宾语一般用what,因此选择 what 来引导主语从句;系动词 is 后面的表语从句句意完整,不缺少成分,因此选择 that 引导表语从句。分析选项可知C项符合题意,故选C。
【点评】考查名词性从句,本题涉及 what引导的主语从句和that引导的表语从句的应用。
8.It matters little ______ a man dies, but _____ matters much is ______ he lives.
A. how; what; how B. how; it; how C. why; it; why D. that; what; that
【答案】 A
【解析】【分析】句意:一个人如何死去并不重要,重要的是他如何生活。it为形式主语,how从句为真正的主语。What matters much (=the thing that matters much)。第一个how引导的是一个主语从句;it作形式主语;what引导的是主语从句;第二个how引导的是表语从句。故选A。
【点评】考查名词性从句,本题涉及主语从句和表语从句的应用。
9.He took a trip to Beijing last week and ________ he saw at the Forbidden City impressed him deeply.
A. that B. how C. what D. which
【答案】 C
【解析】【分析】句意:上周他到北京旅行了,他在故宫所看到的给他留下了深刻的印象。分析句子结构可知,连词and后为一个名词性从句,因此应该使用what引导,且what在从句中作主语,故选C。
【点评】考查名词性从句,本题涉及what引导的主语从句。
10.They lost their way in the forest, and ________ made matters worse was that night began to fall.
A. that B. it C. what D. which
【答案】 C
【解析】【分析】句意:他们在森林里迷路了,更糟糕的是天开始黑了。根据连词and可知,本句需要一个引导主语从句的连接词,该词同时还要能在从句里充当主语。that不能在句中作成分;it不能引导主语从句;which意为“哪一个”,不符合本句语境。排除A、B、D三项。故选C。
【点评】考查名词性从句,本题涉及what引导的主语从句的应用。
11._________ is known to all is that the earth is smaller than the sun.
A. As B. What C. It D. Which
【答案】 B
【解析】【分析】句意:众所周知,地球比太阳还小。复合句的主语是一个名词性从句,从句没有引导词和主语,表示“所……的(事)”,故用what引导,其双重作用,故选B。
【点评】考查名词性从句,本题涉及what引导的主语从句。
12.________ the weather will not clear up until next week is bad news for us.
A. As B. If C. Whether D. That
【答案】 D
【解析】【分析】考查主语从句。句意:直到下周天气才放晴,这对我们来说是坏消息。此处是that引导的主语从句,that无实义,只其引导作用,故答案为D。
【点评】主语从句属于名词性从句,在名词性从句中,that无实义,只起连接作用,不做句子成分;if/whether起连接作用,不做句子成分,有实义“是否”。做题时注意看从句是否少成分。
13.They lost their way in the forest, and ___ made matters worse was that night began to fall.
A. it B. which C. that D. what
【答案】 D
【解析】【分析】本题中含有一个主语从句what made matters worse,其中的what引导起这个主语从句,同时在主语从句中做主语。AC两项不能引导主语从句,which在引导名词性从句的时候总是含有疑问的语义,而本句中并没有疑问的语义。句意:他们在森林里迷路了,情况更糟糕的是天又黑了。故D正确。
14.____ made me more unhappy was ___ the boy asked my friend to be his girlfriend and she agreed.
A. What; that B. That ; that C. What; whether D. It; that
【答案】 A
【解析】【分析】句意:让我更不高兴的是那个男孩要求我的朋友做他的女友,她同意了。第一空填what,它一方面在句子中引导主语从句,另一方面又在主语从句中作主语;第二空用that引导表语从句且从句中不缺成分,表示对前面情况的说明。故选A。
【点评】考查了名词性从句,本题涉及what引导的主语从句以及that引导的表语从句。
15.Located between the 16th and the 18th floor, ______ I call my “home” is more like a “bird's nest”.
A. which B. that C. what D. where
【答案】 C
【解析】【分析】考查主语从句。What引导主语从句______ I call my “home”且 What在从句中充当call的宾语。故选C。
16.--- made her ashamed of herself?
--- the lowest mark in her class.
A. What; Because she got B. Was it what; Getting
C. What was it that; That she got D. What was it that; Get
【答案】 C
【解析】【分析】句意:——是什么让她对她自己感到羞愧?——是她获得了她班上的最低分让她惭愧。A中的what是句子的主语,但是because引导的从句不作主语,是原因状语从句,故排除;B的第一空是错误形式,故排除;C、D两项的第一个选项是一样的,说明第一个题干是一个强调句型,特殊疑问句下的强调句型,有what引导;第二个空是对what的回答,因为what是上一句的主语,That she got the lowest mark in her class是从句,可以作主语;而D项的get是动词原形,不能作主语,故答案为C。
【点评】考查强调句型的使用和对特殊疑问句的回答,注意问什么回答什么,也就是说疑问词what是句子的主语,回答的内容也需要在句子中能作主语。
17.Has it been announced ______?
A. when are the planes to take off B. that are the planes to take off
C. where are the planes to take off D. when the planes are to take off
【答案】 D
【解析】【分析】句意: 飞机什么时候起飞已经宣布了吗?此处是when引导的主语从句,且要用陈述句语序,故选D。
【点评】考查名词性从句,it作形式主语,关系副词when引导的从句作真正的主语。
18.It________that the road will be closed tomorrow for repairs.
A. was announced B. has been announced
C. had been announced D. would be announced
【答案】 B
【解析】【分析】本题考查动词的时态和语态。题干句子中that到句子结束是宾语从句,且从句动词用“will+动词原形”表示将来,由此推断出空白处谓语动词应用现在的某种时态,在所给四个选项中,只有B项正确。
【点评】考查现在完成时的被动语态,其结构是have/has +been +done。需要注意宾语从句的时态。主句用现在时,从句所需的任何时态。
19.________ is known to us all that the old scientist, for ________ life was hard in the past, still works hard in his eighties.
A. As; whose B. It; whose C. As; whom D. It; whom
【答案】 D
【解析】【分析】句意:我们都知道,那位老科学家,过去生活很艰苦,到了八十多岁还在努力工作。第一空it is known to us all that…是个固定句型,意为“众所周知…”;第二空为介词+关系代词引导的定语从句,先行词the old scientist指人,作介词for的宾语,只能用whom,故选D。
【点评】考查名词性从句和定语从句,本题涉及固定句式it is known to us all that…和whom引导的限制性定语从句。
20.They lost their way in the forest, and ________ made matters worse was that night began to fall.
A. it B. which C. that D. what
【答案】 D
【解析】【分析】句意:他们在森林里迷路了,情况更糟糕的是天又黑了。本题中含有一个主语从句what made matters worse,其中的what引导起这个主语从句,同时在主语从句中做主语。故选D。
【点评】考查名词性从句,本题涉及what引导的主语从句的应用。
21.It that everyone to laugh.
A. seems,loves B. seem,love C. seems,love D. seem,loves
【答案】 A
【解析】【分析】句意:好像每个人都喜欢笑。 It seems that...好像,似乎,that引导的主语从句,it为形式主语;love to do sth.喜欢做... 根据句意故选A 。
【点评】此题考查了seem的句型搭配 ,涉及到形式主语;love的短语搭配,动词不定式短语作宾语。
22._______ has not been decided next.
A. How to do B. What to do next C. To do what D. To do how
【答案】 B
【解析】【分析】句意:接下来做什么还没有决定。根据助动词has可知前面是主语,what to do为名词性从句,可做主语,故选B。
【点评】考查名词性从句,识记名词性从句做主语的用法。
23.The place the bridge is supposed to be built should be the cross-river traffic is the heaviest.
A. which; where B. at which; which C. at which; where D. which; in which
【答案】 C
【解析】【分析】句意:桥梁应该建在水上交通最繁忙的地方。定语从句,代指地方,用where/介词+which,根据the place,可知前面用介词at,表示在……地方,做地点状语,介词提前,因此用at which;根据 the cross-river traffic is the heaviest,可知是对桥所在地点的描述,因此用where,引导表语从句,故选C。
【点评】考查定语从句与表语从句的引导词。
24. was most important to her, she told me, was her family.
A. It B. This C. What D. As
【答案】 C
【解析】【分析】句意:她告诉我对于她来说最重要的就是她的家庭。she told me是插入语,因此用what引导主语从句,在句子中作主语,故选C。
【点评】考查what引导主语从句的用法。
25.—I fell sick!
—I think it is _______ you are doing too much.
A. why B. when C. what D. because
【答案】 D
【解析】【分析】句意:——我感觉不舒服。——我认为这是因为你一直做得太多。A.为什么;B.什么时候;C.什么;D.因为。做得太多是不舒服的原因,所以用because连接,故选D。
【点评】考查表语从句,注意理解句意。
26.—I'll have a ten-day holiday. But I don't know ________.
—How about Paris?
A. when to go B. where to go C. what to do
【答案】 B
【解析】【分析】句意:——我将有10天的假。但是我不知道去哪里?——巴黎如何?A.when to go什么时候去,B.where to go去哪里,C.what to do做什么。根据后文提到去巴黎,可知是对地点提问,用where,填入where to go,故选B。
【点评】考查名词从句,注意where to go的用法。
27.The school library is ________ we can read many books and magazines.
A. what B. where C. when D. which
【答案】 B
【解析】【分析】句意:学校图书馆是我们能够看书看杂志的地方。What(什么),where(哪里),when(什么时候)which(哪一个)。we can read many books and magazines修饰主语,是一个表语从句。图书馆是一个地方,连接词用where。故选B。
【点评】考查表语从句的连词。
28.It is still unknown how AI(人工智能)_______the way of our life as well as the world.
A. change B. changed C. will change D. was changing
【答案】C
【解析】【分析】句意:人工智能将会怎么改变我们的生活方式和整个世界仍旧不为人所知。It是形式主语,真正的主语是后面how引导的从句,为主语从句。主句是一般现在时态,人工智能改变世界是没有发生的事情,用一般将来时态,其结构是will + 动词原形,故选C。
【点评】考查主语从句的时态。注意主句是现在时或者将来时,从句用任何需要的时态。
29._______ caused the accident has not been found out yet.
A. What B. Which C. The thing D. That
【答案】 A
【解析】【分析】句意:造成事故的原因还没有查明。此处为主语从句,从句中缺少主语,应该用what引导,故答案为A。
【点评】考查主语从句。以及what的含义。
30.You have spent too much time playing computer games.That's________ your eyes hurt.
A. why B. how C. what D. when
【答案】 A
【解析】【分析】句意:你已经花了太多的时间玩电脑游戏。那就是为什么你眼睛疼。why:为什么,why your eyes hurt做is的表语,how:怎样,what:什么,when:什么时候,故选A。
【点评】考查表语从句。根据语境选出恰当的连接词。
31.I found _______ convenient to shop on line at home.
A. it's B. that C. it D. that was
【答案】 C
【解析】【分析】句意:我发现在家网购和方便。固定句式:主+find+it+adj+to do,主语发现做某事是……的,故选C。
【点评】考查it做形式宾语,熟练掌握固定句式:主+find+it+adj+to do。
32.Don't wait for people to be friendly, show them a friendly person you are.
A. what B. how C. when D. where
【答案】 A
【解析】【分析】句意:不要等到人们表现友好,要向他们展示你有多么友好。感叹句式:What+a+adj+n+主语+谓语。故选A。
【点评】考查感叹句用作宾语从句。
33.I know he's been curious about everything, but that's . Be patient!
A. what do kids like B. what kids like C. what are kids like D. what kids are like
【答案】 D
【解析】【分析】句意:我知道他对每件事都充满好奇, 但这是小孩的样子。要有耐心。由题意知:That’s后跟的是一个表语从句, 从句要用陈述句语序, 所以A、C错了.B:what kids like 那是孩子喜欢的东西;D:what kids are like那是小孩的样子.like, 动词, 表示喜欢, 有时态变化形式;be like表示像, like是介词, like没有词形变化.对一切充满好奇是小孩的行为, 故选D。
【点评】表语从句。
34.I know he's been curious about everything, but that's . Be patient!
A. what do kids like B. what kids like C. what are kids like D. what kids are like
【答案】 D
【解析】【分析】句意:我知道他对一切充满好奇,但那是小孩的样子。耐心点儿。That's后跟的是一个表语从句,从句要用陈述句语序,所以A,C错了B. what kids like那是孩子喜欢的东西,D. what kids are like那是小孩的样子.对一切充满好奇是小孩的行为,故选D like,动词,表示喜欢,有时态变化形式;be like表示像,like是介词,like没有词形变化。这是中考的常考点。
35.Franklin told them all to be in Britain again.
A. how happy was he B. how happy he was
C. how was he happy D. how he happy was
【答案】 B
【解析】【分析】句意:富兰克林告诉他们所有人他再一次来到英国是多么的开心。该句中有一个宾语从句做told的宾语,“他有多么开心”,这里是感叹句做的宾语,感叹词how+形容词+主语+谓语。故选B。
36.You will never guess ________.
A. who am I waiting for B. what has happened
C. how can she help me D. where did I go
【答案】 B
【解析】【分析】句意:你永远不会猜到发生了什么事。宾语从句用陈述句语序,故A、C、D错,happen的主语是所发生的事情,其结构是:sth happen to sb,所以what has happened中what指事,是主语,句子是陈述句语序。故选B。
37. ---- Let's send him home. Do you know _________?
---- I have no idea.
A. where does he live B. where he lives C. he where lives D. he lives where
【答案】 B
【解析】【分析】句意:----让我们把他送回家。你知道他住在哪里吗?----我不知道。宾语从句就是一个句子作动词或介词的宾语。宾语从句由特殊疑问句变来就用原来的疑问词作引导。在宾语从句中只能使用陈述句语序,不能用疑问句语序。所以选B。
38.I wonder .
A. how will you celebrate Thanksgiving
B. that the Water Festival is really fun.
C. what do people eat on the Mid-Autumn Festival
D. whether you will make resolution on New Year's Day
【答案】 D
【解析】【分析】句意:我想知道你是否将在新年做决定。A. how will you celebrate Thanksgiving你要怎样庆祝感恩节;B. that the Water Festival is real
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