【英语】-八年级英语下册阅读理解培优卷(word).doc

【英语】 八年级英语下册阅读理解培优卷（word）

一、八年级英语下册阅读理解专项练习（含答案解析）
1．阅读理解
    Climbing Mount Qomolangma, the World's highest mountain, has now become more difficult. The government of Nepal asks climbers to come down the mountain with at least 18 pounds of garbage. That's the average amount of garbage a climber leaves behind on Mount Qomolangma.
    Climbers would leave garbage along the way. This helps climbers keep their bags light, so they would have energy to reach the summit.  The garbage problem in Mount Qomolangma is not new. In 2013, climbers carried down a total of four tons of garbage.
    The new rule came into effect in April of 2014. To make sure it is followed, climbers will have to hand in some money to the officials before they climb the mountain. When they climb back down the mountain, the officials will check them to make sure they bring down the 18 pounds of garbage. If they do, their money will be given back to them.  If not, climbers won't get their money back. Also, the officials won't let these people climb the mountain again.
（1）The government of Nepal asks climbers of Mount Qomolangma to       .
A. take fewer things to the top of the mountain
B. bring at least 18 pounds of food with them
C. bring down the garbage left by other climbers
D. bring down at least 18 pounds of garbage when they come down the mountain
（2）Why do climbers leave garbage along the way?
A. Because they want to leave some food for others.
B. Because the garbage can help others find them.
C. Because they want to keep their bags light.
D. Because the garbage can show them how to come down.
（3）How much garbage was brought down Mount Qomolangma in 2013?
A. 4 tons.                              B. 8 tons.                              C. 14 tons.                              D. 18 tons.
（4）Now the climbers have to          before they climb Mount Qomolangma.
A. hand in some money to the officials
B. leave plastic bags behind them
C. tell the officials when they will come down
D. tell the officials how many bags they will bring
【答案】 （1）D
（2）C
（3）A
（4）A
【解析】【分析】主要讲了爬珠穆朗玛峰的登山者下山时应该至少带回18英镑的垃圾。
（1）细节题。根据The government of Nepal asks climbers to come down the mountain with at least 18 pounds of garbage.可知登山者下山时应该带至少18英镑的垃圾，故选D。
（2）细节题。根据Climbers would leave garbage along the way. This helps climbers keep their bags light可知登山者把垃圾留在沿路，目的是帮助保持他们的包轻快，故选C。
（3）细节题。根据In 2013, climbers carried down a total of four tons of garbage.可知在2013年，登山者把4吨垃圾带下山，故选A。
（4）细节题。根据climbers will have to hand in some money to the officials before they climb the mountain.可知登山者在他们爬山前上交一些钱给官员，故选A。
【点评】考查阅读理解，主要考查细节题，注意从文中仔细寻找答案。

2．根据短文内容判断正误。
    Do you have any hobbies? If students don't have any interests except school work, they may be bored people. And that can influence their studies.
    Studying without relaxing isn't good for health. We can't get good grades if we have bad health. We should make use of our free time. We should do what we like. Some people like singing, taking, photos and drawing pictures. Others prefer collecting stamps, reading or shopping.
    David is a middle school student. He has a few hobbies, but his favourite one is collecting stamps.
    He likes it best because he can learn a lot from the stamps. Some people collect stamps because they can make money from the stamps. But he is just interested in collecting them and enjoys looking at them when he is free.
（1）Studying without relaxing is good for health.
（2）David studies in a middle school.
（3）David likes collecting stamps best.
（4）Some people collect stamps for money.
（5）David enjoys looking at his stamps when he is busy.
【答案】 （1）0
（2）1
（3）1
（4）1
（5）0
【解析】【分析】文章大意：学生应该有兴趣爱好，如果除了学习而没有兴趣爱好，生活将会变的无聊。爱好会影响到学习，没有放松的学习对健康没有好处，没有好的健康，我们就不可能获得好成绩。我们应该利用好我们的业余时间，发展自己的爱好。大卫是个有着很多爱好的中学生。最喜欢集邮。
（1）细节理解题，根据 Studying without relaxing isn't good for health. 可知，没有放松的学习对健康不好，因此本句叙述错误，故答案是错误。
（2）细节理解题，根据 David is a middle school student. 可知大卫在一所中学学习，故答案是正确。
（3）细节理解题，根据 his favourite one is collecting stamps. 可知大卫最喜欢集邮，故答案是正确。
​​​​​​​（4）细节理解题，根据  Some people collect stamps because they can make money from the stamps. 可知，有人集邮是为了赚钱，故答案是正确。
​​​​​​​（5）细节理解题，根据 . But he is just interested in collecting them and enjoys looking at them when he is free. 可知，当大卫有空了的时候，他很喜欢看这些邮票，而不是忙的时候，因此本句的叙述错误，故答案是错误。
【点评】考查阅读理解，本文涉及到了正误判断，正误判断是细节理解中的一种，也是根据短文内容进行正误判定。

3．阅读理解
    One day, a farmer was walking along a road with his son Thomas. The father said, "Look! There's a horseshoe. Pick it up arid put it in your bag. "Thomas said." It isn't worth（值得） the trouble. "His father said nothing but he picked it up himself. When they got to a nearby town, they had a rest. There the farmer sold the horseshoe and with the few pennies he bought some cherries（樱桃）.
    The father and the son continued their way. The sun was well up in the sky, and there wasn't a house or even a tree where they could have a rest. Thomas felt too thirsty（口渴的） to walk on. At the moment, his lather dropped a cherry on the ground and Thomas picked it up quickly and ate it. After a while, his father dropped another cherry and once again, his son picked it up and put it in his mouth.
    And so they went on. The old farmer dropped the cherries and the son picked them up. When Thomas had caught' up all the cherries, his father said to him," My dear son, if you had bent（弯腰） down in the beginning to pick up that horseshoe, you wouldn't have bent so many times for the cherries. Always remember this lesson：If someone don't worry about the little things, he will find it impossible for him to do the great things."
（1）Who picked up the cherries on the ground?
A. Thomas.               B. The farmer.               C. Both the father and the son.               D. Nobody.
（2）When the son refused to pick up the horseshoe, the father         .
A. did nothing                    B. said nothing                    C. felt worried                    D. got angry
（3）The father dropped the cherry one by one, because           .
A. he wanted to teach his son a lesson
B. he wanted his son to do more exercise
C. he wanted his son to eat them all
D. he wanted to punish his son for not picking up the horseshoe at first
（4）From the story, we can learn that           .
A. cherries are so delicious that most people like eating them
B. a horseshoe is so expensive that it can bring us some money
C. we can't get great things if we lose little things
D. we can't do something great if we don't worry about something little
【答案】 （1）A
（2）B
（3）A
（4）D
【解析】【分析】文章大意：文章讲述了发生在父子之间的故事，并且告诉我们一个道理：从小事做起才能够成就大事。
（1）细节理解题，根据  And so they went on. The old farmer dropped the cherries and the son picked them up. 可知是农民的儿子托马斯捡起了地上的樱桃，故答案是A。
（2）细节理解题，根据 "His father said nothing but he picked it up himself.  可知，当托马斯拒绝捡起马镫的时候，他爸爸什么也没有说，而是自己捡起来了，故答案是B。
（3）细节理解题，根据 My dear son, if you had bent（弯腰）down in the beginning to pick up that horseshoe, you wouldn't have bent so many times for the cherries. Always remember this lesson：If someone don't worry about the little things, he will find it impossible for him to do the great things."可知，爸爸这样做的目的是为了教训一下托马斯 ，故答案是A。
（4）细节理解题，根据 If someone don't worry about the little things, he will find it impossible for him to do the great things." 可知，如果过不关心小事，就难以成就大事，故答案是D。
【点评】考查阅读理解，本文主要涉及到了细节理解题，细节理解题相对简单，一般可以直接从文中找到答案或者解题依据。

4．阅读理解
    "What! You too? I thought I was the only one." Have you ever said this to someone? If so, you may have ended up becoming friends with this person.
    It seemed that similarity often helps form friendships. The Greek philosopher（哲学家） Aristotle once said, "Some define（下定义） friendship as a matter of similarity. They say that we love those who are like ourselves."
    Now, there is some science behind this idea. Scientists from University of California said friends have similar brains, Scientific American reported.
    The scientists invited 42 university students to take part in an experiment. Each student watched the same set of videos, which included a comedy, a discussion and a soccer match. Meanwhile, scientists studied their brains and recorded their brain activity.
    According to their study, friends who watched the same video clips reacted in similar ways. Similar parts of their brains lit up while watching the videos, especially parts that were connected with motivation（动力）， learning and memory.
    However, people who weren't friends had different reactions to the same clips.
    "Having close friends whose brains react like ours may be rewarding because it makes one's won values, opinions, and interests strength," scientist Carolyn Parkinson told Business Insider.
    But brain similarity is not the only thing that can result in friendship. Scientists from the University of Leipzig, Germany, found that friendship is also based on how physically close you are to someone.
    They did an experiment with first-year college students who met in class for the first time. In this experiment, students who sat in neighbouring seats were more likely to become friends.
（1）What does "this idea" in Paragraph 3 refer to?
A. Many friendships start with small chats.
B. Friends try to develop similarities between themselves.
C. People with similarities may become friends
D. We like those who like us first.
（2）The 42 university students in the experiment_____________.
A. are all from the University of California          B. were close friends before the experiment
C. watched the same set of videos                      D. reacted differently from each other
（3）What did the study of the students' brains show?
A. They had watched the same video clips.
B. Friends had similar reactions to the same clips.
C. Watching videos improves one's memory.
D. It's good to have friends who react similarly.
（4）According to the story , what else may help build friendship?
A. Being fun and helpful                                     B. Studying at the same college.
C. Having similar appearances                            D. Being physically close.
（5）The best title of the passage is "__________"
A. What is friendship                                            B. Friends can think alike
C. An experiment about friendship                     D. How can we build friendship
【答案】 （1）C
（2）C
（3）B
（4）D
（5）B
【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文，主要告诉我们相似的人或者距离较近的人更容易成为朋友。
（1）细节理解题，根据 Now , there is some science behind this idea. Scientists from University of California said friends have similar brains, Scientific American reported.现在，有一些科学背后的想法。据“科学美国人"报道，加州大学的科学家们说，朋友们也有类似的大脑，可知这里this idea是指有相似之处的人可能会成为朋友，故选C。
（2）细节理解题，根据 The scientists invited 42 university students to take part in an experiment. Each student watched the same set of videos, which included a comedy, a discussion and a soccer match.科学家们邀请了42名大学生参加一项实验。每个学生都观看了相同的一组视频，其中包括一部喜剧、一场讨论和一场足球比赛，可知答案，故选C。
（3）细节理解题，根据 According to their study, friends who watched the same video clips reacted in similar ways. 根据他们的研究，看过相同视频片段的朋友也会有类似的反应，可知答案，故选B。
（4）细节理解题，根据 Scientists from the University of Leipzig, Germany, found that friendship is also based on how physically close yo are to someone. 德国莱比锡大学（UniversityofLeipzig） 的科学家们发现，友谊也是建立在身体上与某人有多亲密的基础上的，和 In this experiment, students who sat in neighbouring seats were more likely to become friends.在这个实验中，坐在相邻座位上的学生更有可能成为朋友，可知坐得近的学生更可能成为朋友，故选D。
（5）主旨大意题，结合文章大意主要讲述的是相似常常有助于建立友谊，希腊哲学家（哲学家）亚里士多德曾经说过，有些人把友谊定义为相似之处。他们说我们爱那些和我们一样的人。可知朋友可以有相同的想法，故选B。
【点评】考查阅读理解能力，细节理解题要在文章中找到原句和细节，选出正确答案；主旨大意题要掌握文章大意，了解作者的写作意图，找到关键词，选出最佳答案。

5．阅读短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
    In most parts of the world, many students help their schools make less pollution. They join environment clubs. In an environment club, people work together to make our environment clean.
    Here are some things students often do.
    No-rubbish lunches. How many lunch bags do you throw away after lunch? Environment clubs ask students to bring their lunches in bags that can be used again. Every week they will choose which classes make the least rubbish and report them to the whole school.
    No-car day. On a no-car day, nobody comes to school in a car including the students and the teachers. Cars give pollution to us, so remember:
    Walk, jump, bike, or run!
    Use your legs! It's lots of fun!
    Turn off the water! Do you know that some toilets can waste twenty to forty cubic （立方） meters of water an hour? In a year, that would fill in a small river. In the environment clubs, students repair those broken toilets.
    We love our environment. Let's work together to make it better.
（1）Environment clubs ask students ________.
A. to run to school every day              B. to take exercise every day
C. not to have lunch at school            D. to bring their lunches in bags that can be used again
（2）From the passage we know the students usually have lunch ________.
A. at school                           B. in shops                           C. in clubs                           D. at home
（3）On a no-car day, ________ will take a car to school.
A. both students and teachers                             B. only students
C. neither students nor teachers                         D. only teachers
（4）After students mend toilets, they save ________.
A. a small river                         B. a club                         C. a lot of water                         D. a toilet
（5）The writer wrote the passage to ask students to ________.
A. clean schools               B. make less pollution               C. join clubs               D. help teachers
【答案】 （1）D
（2）A
（3）C
（4）C
（5）B
【解析】【分析】主要讲了为了让我们的环境整洁，学生加入环境俱乐部经常做的一些事情。
（1）细节题。根据Environment clubs ask students to bring their lunches in bags that can be used again.可知环境俱乐部让学生们用可以再次使用的袋子带午饭，故选D。
（2）细节题。根据Environment clubs ask students to bring their lunches in bags that can be used again. Every week they will choose which classes make the least rubbish and report them to the whole school.可知环境俱乐部让学生们用可以再次使用的袋子带午饭，并且每周选出制造垃圾最少的班级，并且通报全新，可知学生在学校吃午饭，故选A。
（3）细节题。根据nobody comes to school in a car including the students and the teachers.可知老师和学生都不坐车去上学，故选C。
（4）细节题。根据Do you know that some toilets can waste twenty to forty cubic （立方） meters of water an hour?可知一些厕所一小时浪费20到40立方水，所以修理厕所会节约水，故选C。
（5）细节题。根据many students help their schools make less pollution.可知让学生制造更少的污染，故选B。
【点评】考查阅读理解，主要考查细节题，注意从文中仔细寻找答案。

6．阅读理解
    On the first day of the New Year 2019, I made up my mind to go to Thailand to teach English as a volunteer. At the beginning, all I cared about was travelling and seeing the country. I didn't know how fantastic my life would be in the coming months!
    My journey beg