英语人教版八年级下册动词不定式练习题.docx

动词不定式专项练习一、动词不定式作主语1. Its our duty _ the room every day.A. to clean B. cleaned C. clean D. cleans(甘肃省)2. Its hard for us _ English well.A. learn B. learns C. to learn D. learning(江西省)3 Its very nice _ you to get me two tickets _ the World Cup.A. for， of B. of， for C. to， for D. of， to(安徽省)Keys： 1. A 2. C 3. . B简析动词不定式作主语时，可以直接放在谓语动词前面的主语位置，也可以用先行词it作形式主语，而将真正的主语(不定式)置于后面。常见的句式有：(1)It is +形容词(of sb)to do sth.(2)It is +名词(for sb)to do sth(3)It takes sb some time to do sth(4)It is +形容词(for sb)to do sth.句式(1)中常用nice， kind， clever， good， right， wrong， foolish， careless等形容词，与介词of搭配，这些形容词常表述不定式逻辑主语的属性或性质；句式(4)中常用hard， difficult， easy， important等形容词，与介词for搭配，表示不定式表示的动作、行为的性质。注意： 当不定式作主语的句子中又有一个不定式作表语时，不能用It is to的句型(对)To see is to believe.百闻不如一见。(错)It is to believe to see.Its for s b.和 Its of s b.1) for s b. 常用于表示事物的特征特点，表示客观形式的形容词，如easy, hard, difficult, interesting, impossible等：Its very hard for him to study two languages. 对他来说学两门外语是很难的。2) of s b的句型一般用表示人物的性格，品德，表示主观感情或态度的形容词，如good, kind, nice, clever, foolish, right。Its very nice of you to help me. 你来帮助我，你真是太好了。for 与of 的辨别方法：用介词后面的代词作主语，用介词前边的形容词作表语，造个句子。如果道理上通顺用of，不通则用for。如：You are nice.(通顺，所以应用of)。He is hard.(人是困难的，不通，因此应用for。)A.It is right to stop killing wild animals.B.It is the best time to visit USA in summer.C.It is helpful for us to learn English well.二、动词不定式作宾语1. He wants _ some vegetables.A. buy B. buying C. to buy D. buys (山西省)2. Dont forget _ your homework with you when you come to school.A. to bring B. bringing C. to take D. taking (福建省)3. He found it very difficult _.A. sleeping B. Sleeps C. slept D. to fall asleep (湖南省)Keys： 1. C 2. A 3. D简析在want， like， agree， hope， wish， learn， begin， start， seem， decide， hate， choose， forget， remember等动词后面，可以接不定式作宾语。如果其后接形容词补足语时，则可以用it作形式宾语，而把作真正宾语的不定式放到后面Sb + V + it （形式宾语）+ agj （形容词）+to+ V（宾语）注意无BE动词。三、动词不定式作宾语补足语1. Robert often asks us _ his Chinese, so his Chinese is much better than before.A. help him B. to help him with C. to help with D. helps him with (江苏省)2. Mr Li often teaches his Japanese friends _ Chinese food.A. cook B. cooks C. to cook D. cooked (甘肃省)Key： 1. B 2. C简析不定式可以用作宾语补足语。后面可以接不定式作宾语补足语的动词有：ask， teach， expect， tell， allow等。四、动词不定式作状语1. She went _ her teacher.A. to see B. looks C. saw D. seeing (江西省)2. Meimei likes English very much. She does her best _ English well.A. learn B. learning C. to learn D. learns (四川省)Key： 1. A 2. C简析go， come， try， do / try ones best等动词或短语动词作谓语时，其后常常可以接不定式作目的状语。3. Im sorry _ that.A. hears B. hearing C. hear D. to hear (河北省)4. Im sorry _ you.A. trouble B. to trouble C. troubling D. troubled (吉林省)5. My mother was very glad _ her old friend.A. to meet B. meet C. met D. meets (甘肃省)Keys： 3. D 4. B 5. A简析be +形容词+ to do sth结构中的不定式作状语，常表示原因或方式。6. The panda is so large that it cant go through the hole.(改为意思相同的句子)The hole _ _ _ _ such a large panda to go through. (广东省)7. The ice on the lake was so thin that people couldnt skate on it. (改为意思相同的句子)The ice on the lake wasnt _ enough _ people _ _ _. (广东省)Keys： 6. is， too， small， for 7. thick， for， to， skate， on简析在上述too +形容词/副词(for sb)to do(太而不能)和enough (for sb) to do(足以、足够做)结构中，不定式作结果状语。 sosuch. that.如此.以致.的用法及与其它句型的互换.A.SbSth +be V+ so + adjadv (aan+adj +n)+that + cantcouldnt.= SbSth +be V+ too+adjadv(for+SbSth)+to+V . .如此.以致.=太而.不能.B、.so that to =in order to+V动词that+从句 .为了以便于.C、.SbSth +be+ so + adj形容词a an +n V +adv副词(so +littlemanymuch. such +aan+adj +n 名形容词+名词)+that + canould=.SbSth +be V+adjadv +enough足够的 + to+V.如此.以致于.=.足够.干.如：他太年轻了而不能去上学。A. He is too young to go to school.B. He is so young that he cant go to schoolC He is nt old enough to go to school.D. He is so a young boy that he cant go to school（ ）1、The water is _ dirty _ the animals cant drink it.A. too . to B.so. that C. such ,that D. nt ,enough to 答案是A（ ）2、The computer cost _much money _ I cant afford to buy it.(答案选项同1)答案：B。因money前有 much所以不能用 such3环境的污染如此严重，一些濒危动物无法生存下去。Environment _ _ _ for endrangered animals to live on.五、动词不定式作定语1. Would you like something _?A. drink B. drinking C. to drink D. drinks (湖北省)2. I have a lot of homework _.A. do B. doing C. did D. to do (河南省)3. He is not an easy man _.A. get on B. to get on C. get on with D. to get on with (山东省)Key： 1. C 2. D 3. D简析不定式作定语时，常放在被修饰的词语之后，与被修饰的词语为逻辑上的主谓关系或动宾关系；如果不定式的动词是不及物动词，其后要加上必要 的介词或副词，构成的短语动词相当于及物动词。六、不带to的动词不定式1. We saw him _ the building and go upstairs.A. to enter B. enter C. entering D. entered (河南省)2. So much work usually makes them _ very tired.A. to feel B. feels C. feeling D. feel (吉林省)3. Your father is sleeping. Youd better _.A. not wake up him B. not to wake up himC. not wake him up D. not to wake him up (陕西省)4. I was made _ my homework in the afternoon.A. do B. doing C. to do D. did (贵州省)Key： 1. B 2. D 3. C 4. C简析1.在see， watch， hear， feel等感官动词和make， have， let等使役动词后面作宾语补足语的不定式不带to.但是在被动语态中，作主语补足语的不定式要带to(let没有被动语态)。2.在。had better+V/not +V最好干。后面接不带to的不定式。七、动词不定式的否定形式1. Mr Black asked the man _ the queue.A. not to jump B. to not jumpC. didnt jump D. not jump (广西壮族自治区)2. The old man told the child _ noisy.A. not be B. not to be C. to not be D. be not (湖北省)3. There is going to _ an important meeting tomorrow. Please try _ late.A. have， not to be B. have， not beC. be， not to be D. be， not be (内蒙古自治区)Key： 1. A 2. B 3. C简析动词不定式的否定形式通常是在不定式符号to的前面加上not，如果是不带to的不定式就直接在动词原形前面加上not.八、某些动词后面接不定式和接动词-ing形式的区别1. Please stop _ a rest if you feel tired.A. to have B. having C. have D. has (广西壮族自治区)2. Why didnt you buy some bread on your way home?Sorry, I forgot _ some money with me.A. take B. taking C. to take D. took (湖北省)3. Lets have a rest, shall we?Not now, I cant stop _ the letters.A. write B. to write C. writing D. and write (湖北省)4. Jim was badly hurt, so he had to stop _ (walk). (用所给单词的正确形式填空)(四川省)Key： 1. A 2. C 3. C 4. walking简析一些常见的动词后面接不定式和接动词的-ing形式的区别如下：stop to do sth意为停止正在做的事情去做另外一件事，stop doing sth意为停止正在做的事：remember to do sth意为记住去做某事(事还未做)，remember doing sth意为记得做过某事(事已做)：go on to do sth意为接着做某事(做完一事，接着做另一事)，go on doing sth意为继续做某事(一事未做完接着往下做)：forget to do sth意为忘了做某事(事还未做)，forget doing sth意为忘了曾做过某事(事已做)。5. When I was walking in the street I saw a plane _ over my head.A. flies B. flying C. flew D. to fly (福建省)6. A woman saw it _ when she was walking past.A. happen B. happens C. happening D. to happen (黑龙江省)Key： 5. B 6. A简析在see， hear， watch， feel等感官动词后面可接不带to的不定式，也可接动词的-ing形式作宾语补足语，用不定式表示动作的全过程(动作已结束)，用动词的-ing形式表示动作正在进行(动作尚未结束)。九、动词不定式的省略及其符号to的保留1. Would you like to go to the cinema with us?Yes, _. What time are we going to meet?A. I would B. I would like C. I like to D. Id like to (浙江省)2. Would you like to go for a picnic with us?_. What time are we going to meet?A. No, I cant B. Yes, Im gladC. Yes, Id love to D. Id like (大连市)Keys： 1. D 2. C简析在口语中，动词不定式中的动词或短语动词在上下文中重复出现时，第二个动词不定式可以省略，但是to不可省略。这种用法常见于be glad to，would like (love) to，have to等结构中。十、另外注意1）、带双宾语的及物动词，如：give Sth. to Sb ,.send. to .bring. to take. to teach. to want. to. lend. to ,show .to .etc to可以作介词用+ 人/物/地点,大部分带双宾语的动词是接 to +Sb（间接宾语），而cook /buy read Sth for + Sb (见Module 10 课本)Sb 注意：V +Sth +prep +Sb =V +Sb +Sth(指人的间接宾语在直接宾语前，要省略介词to ) E. g :Please you lend your pen to me . = Please you lend me your pen. 请你借笔给我E.G ( )1.Could you _ ? Certainly. A.borrow your pen to me B.lend your pen from me C.lend me your pen. 答案 :C 双宾语把指人的间接宾语提前,省略“to ”，是lend 是借进之意。（ ）2、I cook my family _ dinner. A. for B. to C./ 答案：A。 除了 cook.buy ,read 外，其余大部分动词接双宾语是+ to（见课本178页）。2）、另外还要注意一些词+V-ING 作宾语。Enjoy,keep,mind,finish, still.practice,countineA.He has finished reading the novels 他已经读完了这些小说.B. She has kept waiting for me for a long time. 她已经等我很久了。C.Practice speaking English as much as possible. 3）、一些短语固定搭配 、最好干、d(had) better +V/not+VYoud better go to school early. 你最好早去上学。He had better not be late for school .他最好上学别迟到。4、.prefer+v-ing .to+V-ing=.like+to+VV-ing better than.+V-ing.=.prefer to +V. rather than+V=. would +V. instead of +V-ing=would+Vrather+V 喜欢.而不喜欢.宁可.而不.A.He prefer smimming to running.=Helikes to swim better than running.=B.He_ _ swim_ _ run.=C.He_ swim _ _ running.动词不定式专项练习1. Its our duty _ the room every day.A. to clean B. cleaned C. clean D. cleans(甘肃省)2. Its hard for us _ English well.A. learn B. learns C. to learn D. learning(江西省)3.建造这座立交桥将花费工人们一年多的时间。It will _ the workers over a year _ _ the flyover.(北京市海淀区)4. Its very nice _ you to get me two tickets _ the World Cup.A. for， of B. of， for C. to， for D. of， to(安徽省)5. He wants _ some vegetables.A. buy B. buying C. to buy D. buys (山西省)6. Dont forget _ your homework with you when you come to school.A. to bring B. bringing C. to take D. taking (福建省)7. He found it very difficult _.A. sleeping B. sleepsC. slept D. to fall asleep (湖南省)8. Robert often asks us _ his Chinese, so his Chinese is much better than before.A. help him B. to help him with C. to help with D. helps him with (江苏省)9. Mr Li often teaches his Japanese friends _ Chinese food.A. cook B. cooks C. to cook D. cooked (甘肃省)10. She went _ her teacher.A. to see B. looks C. saw D. seeing (江西省)11. Meimei likes English very much. She does her best _ English well.A. learn B. learning C. to learn D. learns (四川省)12. Im sorry _ that.A. hears B. hearing C. hear D. to hear (河北省)13. Im sorry _ you.A. trouble B. to trouble C. troubling D. troubled (吉林省)14. My mother was very glad _ her old friend.A. to meet B. meet C. met D. meets (甘肃省)15. The panda is so large that it cant go through the hole.(改为意思相同的句子)The hole _ _ _ _ such a large panda to go through. (广东省)16. The ice on the lake was so thin that people couldnt skate on it. (改为意思相同的句子)The ice on the lake wasnt _ enough _ people _ _ _. (广东省)17、The water is _ dirty _ the animals cant drink it.A. too . to B.so. that C. such ,that D. nt ,enough to 18、The computer cost _much money _ I cant afford to buy it.19环境的污染如此严重，一些濒危动物无法生存下去。Environment _ _ _ for endrangered animals to live on.20. Would you like something _?A. drink B. drinking C. to drink D. drinks (湖北省)21. I have a lot of homework _.A. do B. doing C. did D. to do (河南省)22. He is not an easy man _.A. get on B. to get on C. get on with D. to get on with (山东省)23. We saw him _ the building and go upstairs.A. to enter B. enter C. entering D. entered (河南省)24. So much work usually makes them _ very tired.A. to feel B. feels C. feeling D. feel (吉林省)25. Your father is sleeping. Youd better _.A. not wake up him B. not to wake up himC. not wake him up D. not to wake him up (陕西省)26. I was made _ my homework in the afternoon.A. do B. doing C. to do D. did (贵州省)27. Mr Black asked the man _ the queue.A. not to jump B. to not jumpC. didnt jump D. not jump (广西壮族自治区)28. The old man told the child _ noisy.A. not be B. not to be C. to not be D. be not (湖北省)29. There is going to _ an important meeting tomorrow. Please try _ late.A. have， not to be B. have， not beC. be， not to be D. be， not be (内蒙古自治区)30. Please stop _ a rest if you feel tired.A. to have B. having C. have D. has (广西壮族自治区)31. Why didnt you buy some bread on your way home?Sorry, I forgot _ some money with me.16、空气是我们生命中生时每刻都需要的地球资源，大气污染影响着我们的健康，如大气中的飘尘易使呼吸系统发生病变。减少废气和废物排放是控制大气污染最根本的办法。A. take B. taking C. to take D. took (湖北省)32. Lets have a rest, shall we?2、物质变化有快有慢，有些变化只改变了物质的形态、形状、大小，没有产生新的不同于原来的物质，我们把这类变化称为物理变化；有些变化产生了新的物质，我们把有新物质生成的变化称为化学变化。Not now, I cant stop _ the letters.5、减少垃圾的数量是从源头上解决问题的办法，我们每个人都可以想出许多减少垃圾数量的方法。A. write B. to write C. writing D. and write (湖北省)33. Jim was badly hurt, so he had to stop _ (walk). (用所给单词的正确形式填空)(四川省)19、阳光、空气、水、土壤、岩石、植物、动物构成了我们周围的环境。我们人类也是环境中的一部分，我们都生活在一不定的环境之中。人与自然和谐相处，共同发展，是我们共同的责任。34. When I was walking in the street I saw a plane _ over my head.4、咀嚼馒头的外皮也可以感觉到甜味吗？为什么？A. flies B. flying C. flew D. to fly (福建省)35. A woman saw it _ when she was walking past.A. happen B. happens C. happening D. to happen (黑龙江省)36. Would you like to go to the cinema with us?Yes, _. What time are we going to meet?答：火柴燃烧、铁钉生锈、白糖加热等。A. I would B. I would like C. I like to D. Id like to (浙江省)37. Would you like to go for a picnic with us?What time are we going to meet?8、对生活垃圾进行分类和分装，这是我们每个公民应尽的义务。A. No, I cant B. Yes, Im gladC. Yes, Id love to D. Id like (大连市)答：当地球运行到月球和太阳的中间，如果地球挡住了太阳射向月球的光，便发生月食。38.Could you _ ? Certainly. A.borrow your pen to me B.lend your pen from me C.lend me your pen.10、生物学家列文虎克于1632年出生在荷兰，他制成了世界上最早的可放大300倍的金属结构的显微镜。他用自制的显微镜发现了微生物。39、I cook my family _ dinner.7、将铁钉的一部分浸入硫酸铜溶液中，有什么现象？过一会儿，取出铁钉，我们又观察到了什么现象？（P36） A. for B. to C./